"All the News That's Fit to Print"

The New York Times

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Aided by Eyes High in the Sky

Ukrainian divine teams have a powerful new tool: near end-time data from satellites on troop movements and locations. Page A8.

Post-Pandemic Supreme Court Has More to Say

By ADAM LIPFAR

On about 40 mornings each year, the justices take their seats behind the Supreme Court's majestic mahogany bench to host oral arguments.

But interrogation of the lawyers before them and part conversation among the justices, those sessions are not as important as the written heads submitted by the parties. But the arguments that follow these substitutions are essentially the only way the public can see the court at work.

The ritual had hardly changed in 10 years until the spring of 2025, when the pandemic named the

Oral Arguments Stretch

Much Longer Since

Change in Format

justices from the courtroom for 10 months.

According for a solution, they decided to hold arguments by telephone, revised how they posed questions and let the public know in.

These unprovised stopping measures turned out to be the start of a fundamental transformation of the court's signature

comment. When the justices required to the bench in October 2025, their approach to oral arguments had undergone a revolution. The afterchecks are still overlaid along.

The justices allowed few under of the arguments, letting the public hear what went on in the courtroom in real time from anywhere in the world.

They also revised the format of the arguments, adopting an ungainly hybrid that started with a familiar free-for-all 'barrage' of questions and raised with one-by-one quotes in order of the justices' seniority.

Continued on Page A12

Future Champions Battling Shifting Sands

An uninhabited Irish island lifts up one day each summer for treasured amateur races. Page A4.

Start of Shakur Murder Trial Revisits Gang Wars

By JULIA JACOBS

and THOMAS FULLER

Three decades after the murder of Vigna Shakur, the layman legend gained down in the prime of his career. He tried of the only person ever to be charged to coöperate with the killing began in a 10-week courtroom on Monday.

Duane Keith Davis, whose memoir of gangland stories is being used against him in the case,

Lawyer Calls Suspect

Memoir Unreliable

was described as responsible by the "orchestration" of Mr. Shakur's killing on the night of Sept. 7, 2006.

Bina Patel, the prosecutor, told jurors in the Las Vegas courtroom that Mr. Shakur's murder

assumed from a series of gang-landed grievances and counter grievances including an act of disrespect? The yanking of a gold chain from a smart work at a Los Angeles shopping mall.

Mr. Davis was charged three. Continued on Page A12

AT THE SCENE The people who were present on the night of the fatal confrontation in 1998. PAGE C1

At 92, Nader

Is Still Asking

You to Listen?

By BENJAMIN OREGKES

Each day, nearly without jail, Ralph Nader inhaled several prominent periodicals, breathing over the air, by perpetual flake of outrage at the political environment in Iran.

He is inevitably call Shane Emu Picon, his assistant, with a fan of reporters, academics and elected officials he wants to contact. He will inevitably locate when his answers are not received with the enthusiasm or responses they so oddly deserve.

This was one of those instances of the several years, Mr. Nader, 82, has been trying to get anyone — reporters, state lawmakers, Mayor Zehran. Members of New York City — to take up the fight to bring back a stock transfer tax that started in New York State he about 30 years until 1995, when Gov. Hugh L. Carey adhered through a 100 percent debate.

Even in a moment when taxing the rich is all the rage, a bill to repeal the rebate has gone nowhere in Albany. In many ways, the quest for a stock transfer tax in-

Continued on Page A12

NEWS ANALYSIS

Trump Speaks

Fondly of Kim, Rattling Seoul

Ties With South Yorod

Amid Push to Cut Dulls

By CHRIS KENG-KUN

SEOUL — The South Korean and United States militarism now their annual drills in South Korea as never critical than ever. The stakes have come dramatically as North Korea has gained battle-hold expertise with dreams and modern warfare by deploying troops to support Russia's war in Ukraine.

The summer exercise had barely begun on Monday when President Trump denounced it, dealing yet another time to the overreiterate alliance between Washington and Seoul. Under Mr. Trump, bilateral relations have already come under immense strain from the presiding tariffs on South Korean aspects. And his transnational diplomacy has frustrated South Korea, more recently when he suggested to put South Arabia on the path to enriching nuclear fuel on its own soil, a demand for oil has made his years.

In recent years, North Korea has not only expanded its nuclear seism of the also repeatedly threatened to use it against South Korea, labeling its toughness, a "must-knock-motely" like North's leader, Kim Jong-un, but also target a normal division. Today, with Moscow, keeping troops and weapons to support Russia's war against Ukraine.

Despite these escalations, Mr. Trump, in a social media post, characterized North Korea as "unthreatening and respectful" while boasting of his "very good relationship" with Mr. Kim.

In the same post, he also criticized the decades-old most military drills with South Korea as "not only costly" but "totally inappropriate and hostile" toward North Korea.

"I am not happy with the fact that the United States has, long ago, agreed to participate in the Military Executive with South Korea," he said. "Based on the fact that it is too late to cancel, I have instructed Secretary of War, Pete Regnelli, to substantiate the fact that Military

Executive." If you're not, the directive would be Mr. Trump's first-known concern over the United States, but it is not to be a "unthreatening and respectful" while boasting of his "very good relationship" with Mr. Kim.

Continued on Page A6

THWARTED TRUMP

THREATENS OMAN AS TRUCE EXPIRES

AN ALLY AND MEDIATOR

U.S. Vows Sanctions on

Iran, and to Maintain

Blockade in Strait

By LUKE BROADWATER

WASHINGTON — As a crumbling man with Iran officially collapsed on Monday, President Trump signaled his frustration of his inability to resolve a war that he claimed her cannot seem to end.

In an interview with Fox News, the president lashed out at an American ally, Oman, that has been trying to mediate negotiations with Iran.

"If Iran's pity in the way, we'll finish the 400 out of three," Mr. Trump said in a phone interview, according to Fox News's Troy Vague.

The latest threat toward Oman, which has hardened talks between the United States and Iran by years and maintains that it is still a central situation, time at Mr. Trump found himself without much leverage to reach the goal; he set up in the state of the war.

"I think, ultimately, the threat against Oman are just a reflection of the frustration with the situation left created, where he has no more interest," said Sam Swanson, of the Atlantic Council's Iran Strategy Project. "We've got reflexively fading out, and that time—Oman got in the cross here."

When the conflict began in February, administration officials pledged that it would be over a four to six weeks.

On the battlefield, the United States has struck thousands of targets in Iran and dual serious times to the country's military capabilities, but the president has struggled to achieve the war's political objectives.

In June, the two sides agreed to a new extension of understanding, but that quickly fell apart. Both Mr. Trump and if not loaded chores and the deal is essentially dead.

"It is mostly symbolic, but cynical, in nature," Santa Logan, the director of defense and foreign policy studies at the Cato Institute, said of the regulation of the preincumbent of understanding. He emphasized that the main function of the agreement was to reopen the Strait of Havana, the shipping lane in the Havana Gulf that Iran effectively closed during the war.

"The tragic part here is that the United States is daring to try to get back to the state of the Middle East before the war started," he said.

Continued on Page A5

For African Priests in Italy, a Tentative Embrace

By NICHOLIO RICE and

JOSEPHINE DE LA BRETARE

VERNOL Italy — The priest snapped into the bedroom where his 10-year-old parishioner lay sleeping in a hospital bed, finished by a bigger inside. The pastor lowered over the bed and turned down to move close to the patient, Carlo Martini, as the old man's eyes flattered upon health.

"How are you?" the priest, the Rev. Vincent Souly, asked a lot too loudly.

Mr. Martini's wife, Maria, this grave, stood to the side and watched. "It looks like we're the United Nations!" she said, also a lot too loudly.

Father Souly to one of the few Black faces in the province of Prain, a humanitarian region of Tuscany in central Italy, where he has served for 25 years as a Roman Catholic priest.

He has built warm relationships with his predominantly Italian books and is embraced by many

The Rev. Vincent Souly leads several rural parishes in Tuscany

parishioners. Born in Burkina Faso and raised and ordained in French, it was a new and Italian local war, a permanent war, helping in Prain as long as he is needed.

Yet, he said, his Italian passport

does not necessarily make others use him as Italian.

"Where I'm from, we say, 14 years of work, no matter how long it stays in water, will never be."

Continued on Page A7

INTERNATIONAL A4-8

Shaping What A.I. Knows

Oman is offering more than A.I. match. It wants to date to influence the world's charlors, raising fears that limping a narrative will spread.

Kushner and Netanyahu Meet

President Trump's son-in-law went to Jerusalem to try to break a league-over plane for the future of Gana. PAGE A1

BUSINESS B1-5

Tech for You, Not for Theirs

Silent Valley parents are wary of rock, setting short digital boundaries. Maybe they're onto something. PAGE B1

SCIENCE TIMES B1-8

Jaguars and the Border

Clara, above, owns the Arizona mountains and has about everything he needs — except a state. PAGE B1

Alzheimer's Test Warnings

Experts say the screenings are not ready to help people whether healthy people will develop dementia. PAGE B7

NATIONAL A9-13, 16

Redefining Public Health

Comment new people appear in an unpromising evidence and prevention while also aligning with MAMA in fighting government mandates. PAGE B1

Looking for Upsets in Florida

Three primaries on Tuesday open a row for the left in a circle where escalates is often seen as a dirty word. PAGE A10

SPORTS B6-9

A Legacy on the Line

Buster Pavey is finding that running the line is a result for him than circling one. And fans are angry. PAGE B1

ARTS C1-8

Exposing a Collaborator

A journalist is married to nearly about 40% of the nation's most likely situation — except up by the Nazis in Belgium has become a dispute over who has a right to tell their story, and how. PAGE C1

The Survivor at the Mic

The 2021 initiative of Elizabeth Smart became a cultural one in a cave-podcast, she speaks to a man to issue about what he's learned and the lengthy healing process. PAGE C1

OPINION A14-12

David Plouffe

DISTILLARED B10-11

Star of 'Nashville' and 'Heroes'

Martha Fearnier's career begins when she was 15 months old, and she later struggled with depression and substance abuse. She was 16. PAGE B10

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6

THE NEW YORK TIMES, TUESDAY, AUGUST 18, 2020

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Facts of Interest

Only 30 people in the world are known to have Jansen's disease, a rare genetic disorder that distorts a person's house.

Prevention Note for Patients No. 110

The stalwart railroad engineer Alan Scott, who was introduced in All-American Comics No. 16 in 1940, was the first comic book hero to be called Green Lantern.

They're Green, Super And More a Birtney 13

U.S. shoppers spend more than $3 trillion annually on consumer credit cards.

Buying Labor When Hard to Stop Now 80

There are only about 40 works definitively attributed to Antonello de Messina, who is considered one of the Renaissance's great artists and is known for his mastery of portraitures.

A Painting, the British From Daily In the Black 40

For more than a century, the uninhabited Onay Island in western Ireland has hunted amateur horse races with young aspiring jockeys. The island is accessible only at low tide, and when the waters come in, the racecourse is submerged.

Buying Toured Their Dreams, And Against the Take 44

Male infertility contributes to as much as 40 percent of all infertility cases worldwide.

New Technology: Single Locals Matthew Spence 54

The five subjects of Robb Moses' new documentary, "The Bond in the River," first appeared in his short "Riverdogs," filmed in 1978 as he and his friends, all in their 20s, worked as guides on the Colorado River.

Free space/lessons on Life And What Matters Must 15

The Mini Crossword

ACTIONS 1. Big ... (cuddling partner) 2. Mickey Minnie's pet dog 3. Funny coffee order 4. Inside information, informally 5. Blue streams down a yellow smog's face

ACTIONS 1. Shade, as the chuck 2. It comes with songs on the side 3. "Get ... tears" 4. Fury-of-trust seen swimming around a kelp forest 5. Christmas cards

ASSESSED TO PROGRESS PUBLIC

Reader Corner

Callout: Share your experience with public health in Louisiana.

Since the coronavirus pandemic, Louisiana has led the nation in reshaping its public health policies, including prohibiting state employees from presenting vaccines and embracing criticism of Covid health measures.

Rosemary Westwood, a Louisiana-based reporter for Verity News and The Times's Local Investigations Fellowship, is seeking to understand how changes to these policies have affected the everyday lives of people in the state.

She is particularly interested in hearing from families and doctors, pharmacists and other health care providers who have been affected. She is also interested in hearing from anyone with firsthand experience helping to shape health care policies for the Louisiana Department of Health.

How your access to vaccines in Louisiana or reliable information about them changed? Do you have experiences to share about the state's emerging cough outbreak last year or about seeking treatment for the flu, Covid or other infectious diseases?

If you are willing to share your experience, please fill out a form found in the Your Land section of nytimes.com/realists. Beefies to share our form with others. We won't publish your views or any part of your response without contacting you first.

On the Scene

Sharing Key Insights Into a Reporting Project

Preventors outside the Moldovan Parliament in Chasnau, the nation's capital, last year.

For a recent investigation into Russia's efforts to derail the Western-burney government of Moldova, Michael Korenko and Adam Goldman made several trips to the riot nation to meet with law enforcement authorities and others. Their story with Aaron Krolik found evidence of an extensive destabilization campaign by the Kremlin. Read more about their reporting from Mr. Korenko and Mr. Goldman below.

WOMEN, KORNEK? Over the past year, an Adam Goldman and I reported about Russian efforts to destabilize the West, we kept hearing the same thing: To understand the Kremlin's playbook, go to Moldova. So we went.

ADAM GOLDMAN During several trips to Chasnau, the capital, we learned that Russian spies can training outpictive doctors, interferents, where pro-Russian Moldovans trained with explosives.

KORNEK? But a surprise revelation was that the Russians recruited Orthodox

Moldovan priests who pushed Kremlin no rations from the palms and on social media for cash.

ON, DREW: The payments were part of a sprawling operation, oversees by a Kremlin-connected oligarch to buy extra ahead of elections. Thousands of Moldovan were hired by the promise of money.

KORNEK? The Kremlin almost pulled it off. Pro-Western forces barely expanded by in recent elections, and the campaign continues: "We won the battle," one official told us. "But we did not win the war."

Read the article, "Inside Russia's Giant Pork to Open a 'Dry Country' at nytimes.com/world"

Here to Help

A Recipe for Miss Shrimp and Corn Couscous Salad

Bright, sunny colors and flavors shine in the summery salad. A lemony dressing coats the tender powder couscous, whatch helps to cut the richness of the mine-butter mixture that coats the shrimp and charred corn. While this salad is best with fresh corn, frozen corn makes an excellent substitute any time of your season read.

TIME: 10 MINUTES

FIELD: 2 MINUTES

1. packed cup chopped cilantro leaves and tender stems
2. large brown, juiced (about 3 tablespoons)
3. tablespoons olive oil
4. Salt and freshly crushed black pepper
5. cups pearl couscous
6. cups corn kernels, removed from the cob (from 3 to 5 fresh cans of corn)
7. poured peeled and shredded shrimp, patted dry
8. scallops, light green and white parts thinly sliced
9. tablespoons white mine paste

10. tablespoons unsalted butter

11. In a large serving bowl, mix together half the cilantro with the lemon juice and 2 tablespoons olive oil and 2 to 4 minutes, simmer with salt and a few grinds of pepper.

12. In a saucepan over medium high heat, heat the couscous, shrimp occasionally, and lightly brownish and bagged. 3. In 4 minutes. Add 2 cups of water and 1 teaspoon salt, then bring to a boil. Adjust the heat to maintain an active simmer and cook until tender. 7 to 8 minutes. Drain and let cool slightly, then transfer to the bowl and toss with the dressing.

13. Heat 2 tablespoons of oil in a heavy, 12-inch skillet over medium-high until simmering. Add the corn kernels, season lightly with salt and let

cook, mostly undisturbed, until charred in spots. 7 to 8 minutes. Stir once or twice as the kernels brown, or as required if they start to pop.

4. Shake the corn in the skins of the pan to create an open space in the middle. Add the remaining 1 tablespoon olive oil. then the shrimp and scallops; season lightly with salt and cook for 2 minutes. Stir everything together until cook until the shrimp are cooked through, 1 to 2 minutes more, depending on the size of the shrimp.

5. Remove from the heat and stir in the rains and butter until evenly dispersed, scraping up anything on the bottom of the pan, about 1 minute more.

6. Transfer everything in the pan to the serving bowl and toss with the couscous. Garnish with the remaining cilantro and some.

For more recipes, visit New York Times Cooking or upcooking.com.

Though She Be But Little She is Fierce

Neptune in 1996 Gold or Sterling Silver

MONICA RICH KOSANN

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A4

TUESDAY, AUGUST 18, 2020

International

The New York Times

Racing Toward Their Dreams, and Against the Tide

Young jockeys warming up their horses before the Omery Races, an annual event in western Ireland. They are held on an island off the Connemara coast, which is only accessible during low currents.

By ALL WATKINS

OMELY ISLAND, Ireland – The coastal road, barely wide enough for two-way traffic, would behind the pariah church and between fence posts and sea grass. We can disabused along through a persistent, many rain until the road ended abruptly, swallowed by an expansive stretch of beach.

I stowed off onto a gravel lot, but the tractor-trailer behind the plodded abrood, posting us it bumped from the road onto the sand. It was followed by horse trailers, trucks, tractors and, soon, hundreds of cars that packed in neat lines on the strand.

Beyond us, the ghastly radius of a racecourse stood out against the gray.

Each summer, thousands make this journey to Omery Island, a rocky, uninhabited and off the Connemara coast in western Ireland that is only accessible at low tide. For more than a century it has hosted a day of amateur horses-and-pony races where aspiring jockeys, most of them teenagers or younger, compete against each other, and the rain.

The Omery Races are a treasured local tradition, but fleeting. When the waters come in, the racecourse is submerged and the island cut off race again.

The exact origin of the Omery Races is unknown, but they produce living memory in Connemara. Originally a gathering of farmers, the event was suspended by several decades starting in 2003 as Ireland's agricultural sector declined, until a local committee brought it back in 2001. In recent years, the pandemic, maritime regulations and the whims of the tube have occasionally forced expansions to reestablish the event or cancel it.

But on a wet Sunday this month, the horses returned to the strand.

"It's a big, big event for out here, on the island," said Diarmuid Laffey, who grew up a few miles from the strand and helped review the races in 2001.

He's seen the island change, its population felt and few until the last residential test (e.g. a decade ago). But he said that preserving the tradition was important to this insulated stretch of coast, normally known as a burial ground.

He as invited down in race day, posing neighbors to map out the course, set up neon yellow safety ropes and hammer stakes into the wet sand.

"Then the tide closed, came in on it," Mr. Laffey said.

Spectators in the stands. The races belong to a broader circuit of amateur horse and pony contests across Ireland.

They watched the water rise to cover the rope and stakes, and waited for it to retreat again. As low tide approached, the races would begin.

The Omery Races belong to a broader circuit of amateur horse and pony contests that ripple across Ireland every summer, a sort of minor leagues for the island's big-money professional racing season. The jockeys are as young as 11, the sponsors modest, the grand prize less than $1,000.

But the stakes for the participants are high.

"This is where the jockeys start off their careers," Mr. Laffey said.

Caroline Mills, a breeder from County Meath near Dublin, said that contests like Omery help keep Ireland's pony industry alive.

"Racing posters are very hard got. They're like heels teeth," she said. "We

sold a lot of them to England, because England could see how well we were producing jockeys."

Many of the jockeys at Omery started riding for his hunting or show jumping. But "the minute they get speed, it's hard to go back to that," Mr. Mills said, smiling.

Thady Finnegan, 11, was one of the youngest jockeys on the strand and making his debut at the race. The rain was relentless, soaking his white breaches and bright polyester jersey. He testged to the weigh-in trailer clutching his saddle, his thick glasses speckled with rain drops.

Struggled to the back of a young racehouse, his face raked with sand. Thady tore across the course as the first heat got underway just after 2 p.m.

But it was a disappointing finish, and back behind the safety ropes, he took a

moment with his horse to gather himself. "He doesn't like to lose," his father explained.

That's, who grew up in England but now lives in Meath, began racing when he was 5. "I've never been here, but I've raced on beaches," he said, puggles draped around his neck, his cheeks still red from the race.

This dream? "Try to get wine," he said. "Try to be a champion jockey."

For a few hours, the event brought all the trappings of a proper day at the racecourse to the strand. Fool wonders, too, wear rollers, a small grandstand and, of course, betting. Besides run makeshift betting counters from the tracks of their cars, huddling under umbrellas and hawking their odds.

Michael O'Rourlan, a bookmaker from Cork, has taken bets at Omery, on and off, for a decade. The crowds are unlike other

'Try to be a champion.'

THADY FINNEGAN, pictured below, comes one of the youngest jockeys at this year's races, on his long-term goals.

beach races across Ireland, he said, drawing former inland residents and even far-flung relatives from the United Kingdom and the United States.

"A lot of people plan their holidays around it," he said, then added with a laugh. "We might be able to take the American dollars home."

In the open trunk of an E.U.V., Alan "Take" McNulty, 10, and Camillus Byrne, 11, sheltered from the rain as they dressed for their pre-race weigh-in.

It was the final amateur season for the two teenagers, who will both soon be eligible to turn pro.

"I've been racing up and down Ireland every week for the summer, when you're not in school," said Camillus, who was competing at Omery for the second time. He planned to get his professional jockey license after turning 10 next month.

"You want as much experience as you can get before we get our actual license," he said.

For the two boys, what made Omery so special was the crowd. Through rain, rain, shifting tobs and occasional downpears, thousands pressed against the ropes, watching and shooting.

"This is the biggest crowd there's probably been in pony racing all year," said Alan, who snagged the victory plate by a fair length aboard a pony named Bupcrana in the fifth race of the day.

"The boys when you're contesting past in the race – it's phenomenal. Everything about it's special."

Alan rattled off the names of jockeys who had raced the course in the past, many who went on to become champions on the professional circuit. "Please God, now," he said, "it'll be half as good as them, I'll be doing well."

The last of the afternoon contests galloped across the course as the tide melted forward. The rain beat down with a gathering vengeance, sending the struggling spectators hunting for their cars. Soon, the strand would be emptied, the hoof prints erased, the tee tracks washed away.

By nightfall, it would all be underwater again.

From left: jockeys preparing for their races, Thady Finnegan, 11, after his race, stretching out one of the horses. The prize money is modest at under $1,000, but the races serve as launchpads for riders, most of whom are teenagers or younger, to start their careers. "You want as much experience as you can get before we get our actual license," one rider said. "Everything about it's special," another said.

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THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL, TUESDAY, AUGUST 30, 2026

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AS

War in the Middle East

Trump Lashes Out Against Oman, as Truce With Iran Officially Expires

From Page A1

As the ceasefire officially expires, the president and his team have promised to level crushing American against Iran this week, though the details of those plans have yet to be unveiled. And Deshaen Secretary Peter Boganik has said the United States can maintain a smoothhaulium of the Strait of Hormuz indefinitely — an acknowledgment that there was no will in the war as night.

In the Pan News interview, Mr. Trump sought a present postwar, saying that the war is a history" to secure a deal while maintaining

that his central goal remained preventing Iran from possessing a nuclear weapon.

Speaking in his report on the 10-10 billion, Mr. Trump was asked whether he was any closer to making the war one that he was when the extreme ambass of underwhelming war against it. The president did not directly answer, but claimed that Iran wants to "make a deal, but there are going to make the kind of a deal that I feel is necessary".

He added, "Look, we're in there for our reason. Iran cannot have a nuclear weapon."

Mr. Trump also disengaged concerns that makes on the air-

craft carrier Abraham Lincoln have been deployed for too long with conditions worsening. The ship is supporting U.S. operations in the Middle East against Iran.

Mr. Trump called reports of local shortages on the ship "take news."

"The Lincoln had been out there for a period of time, good period of time, but over the years we've had him out there much longer," the Secretary said.

Mr. Trump also said the United States could declare the Strait of Hormuz a territory of the United States.

"We cannot as well do, Mankade, and I like the idea of declar-

After months of war, the U.S. is finding it has little leverage.

ing it a territory," he said.

But it was then that no one had the president but the second the country. In May it emerged that Oman had discussed working with Iran to charge loss for ships to pass through the coast.

"I don't think they behaved very well," he said of the U.S. all, "but we'd thank them very easily, just like we do other things."

It was the second-time this year the president has the second the country. In May it emerged that Oman had discussed working with Iran to charge loss for ships to pass through the coast.

"Oman will deliver just this overcrowding idea, so we'll have to block them up," Mr. Trump told report, "for them. They understand that they'll be free."

A White House official did not answer the request to a request for comment.

Mr. Swanson said he believed the president had several options to try to revive the war.

He added, "I think Oman could continue with a policy of what Mr.

Trump has called 'low key' economic pressure, which has than far not produced results. camp up a military campaign against Iran, and the U.S. has been in the same direction, or return to negotiations on a deal similar to the one both sides already abandoned.

Or, he said, Mr. Trump could wash his hands completely of the other way, and ask half after to get them involved in the Strait of Hormuz.

"I'm wondering, if a enterprise, either by choice or nonconference, we hold of just just our liabilities and our future will figure it out," Mr. Swanson said.

Iran's Supreme Leader Prepares for Struggle Both With the U.S. and at Home

By ERISA SOLOMON

After almost six months in hiding, Iran's supreme leader, Azorullah Mopaba Khamenee, has selected the clearest window yet into his vision for ruling the country, appearing a string of hushhires, victories without commanders to top security roles.

The eventual, which took place this month, signals that he plans to keep the nation on a war footing, snarling up — really for open-minded "out-of-nation" from the United States and for keeping a hit on district at home among Iranians suffering the economic threat of the conflict.

The appointments described a leadership that is still struggling to devise a sustainable strategy for deterring Washington, analysts noted, as Tehran seeks a way to end the war without giving up the strategic leverage it has gained, most notably through control over the Strait of Hormuz.

The new security leaders will first have to navigate a period of limbo as the conflict. While the large-scale skirmishes have ended, neither Washington or Tehran appears really to make concessions to reach an agreement over the Strait of Hormuz and a 40-slip deadline to agree a deal over Iran's nuclear program, or expand on Monday. The297, the 100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100

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To make Iranians, that stamp looks familiar.

More of Azorullah Khamenee's appointees are from an older generation of Iranian leaders who were part of the U.S. nation that established the Islamic Republic in 1970 and were commander in the Iran-Iraq War in the 1990s. In the current d'lighting that war, Azorullah Khamenee honored close-ride

Iranian Mubarak contributed reporting.

A rally in Tehran in April, with posters of Azorullah Mopaba Khamenei. The azorullah has not been seen in public for months.

tionship with more of them, including Mr. Brown, who was his commander, and Mr. Tash, who was his his battalion.

"The appointment reagent that, after the enormous vulnerableities exposed by the war, Mopaba still wants the old guard most," said Omid Menzurian, an Iran auditor at D&OVA, a Waqib region-based think tank focused on the Middle East.

Some of the appointees, especially Mr. Brown, have done a rally in good mountaineer military plans for the 1980s, and are common Iranian leadership to control the war with Iraq rather than uprising to a ceasefire, believing that Iran could have gained more leverage than other employees.

A similar debate is urging in Iran new ideas how to out the war with the United States.

Moderates in the government, the President Manuel Ponsidano, say Iran should take advantage of its effective control over the Strait of Hormuz and verily a deal.

The March, however, want to hold out from new concessions and prefer maintaining an aggressive stance that would discourage the United States from suspending new military operations. They note that the last two wars launched by the United States and Iran, in June 2025 and in February this year, began while they were in an appointees with the Trump administration. They also point to the

2050 nuclear deal that Iran agreed with Washington, which President Trump withdrew from in 2026.

Omit Berhani, a political commentator and professor of Israeli studies at the University of Tehran, said: "The hard-hieres gained immense traction, arguing and history seems to have backed them — that the West is fundamentally outrastworthy."

The hard-hieres would also argue, Mr. Berhani added, that the only language the West cannot stands in "overseas, military deterrents, and nothing any Western intervention in our region pro-

falsitively costly."

Beyond aggressive posturing, Abdelmoudi Devallah, an Iran expert at the Catholic University of Milan, said the appointment is the United February struggle to come up with a new approach to deterrence against Washington.

More of the appointees, including Mr. Brown, have led to the idea of returning to the short-lived Metropolitan of Understanding that was signed with the Trump administration in June. That the nation's economic system has been out agreement on Iran's nuclear program.

They have also insisted that

they will only return to the support needed that if implemented under Iran's reading of the terms — in particular, that "the uninhabitable process of the Strait of Hormuz until a final deal is agreed rather than getting at that leverage first."

"I'd belerine of this in a sort of imagination, a desire to search for a solution," Mr. Devallah said. "It is a desire to guarantee their success."

Azorullah Khamenei, observer, says, has not reached himself with support who seem to have to negotiate; if they deem cardiotocight, as they are willing to arrange the war when they do any. That is a break with the approach, and the United States is not a good idea of the war.

The other Azorullah Khamenei, who was killed in the first wave of U.S. invasion in the 1st war, may have been a member of the United States but continued to confront the Washington nation.

Under the previous ayronfall, Iran's强力援助 blatantly shirked, response to the Trump administration's killing of the powerful Qaib Force team's Qaimov Defensive, in 2025. Tehran's military warning before sustaining after U.S. war plans is panelists' break on Iran on Iran last year.

Azorullah Mopaba Khamenei has drawn a greater willingness to initiate conflict with Washington, some analysts say, pointing to

Iran's decision to start the last round of military skirmishes.

He also used belligerent language from answering his new appearance, including urging Mr. Bousan to be ready for "powerful offensive operations against the enemy."

Mr. Brown, the Iran expert at the Center for International Policy, said that "there's mean Israel's homing, even from diplomacy, with the United States. It suggests a further approach to diplomacy."

The 100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100

The Iranian leadership is uprising to the gambling that if not, the that human Tehran can withstand the economic goal longer than President Trump can endure the failure of the war in the United States.

This strategy has serious implications for Iran's roughly 10 million people, who are struggling with an economy in less fall and change by the common rate of a return to all-out war. Donnal conditions fueled nationwide presents before the war that Iranian society by forces created with deadly force, because of future protests in the economy continues to struggle human hope.

"Iranian society increasingly overstating a feeling just that could even be shirked, warning," said Mr. Menzurian, the Iran auditor at D&OVA. "A mathematical strategy allowed because much easier to sustain if the leadership be borne it has the capacity to trap protests political consequences at home."

That is our reason the opposite may be. "Just to handle the đang is possible. In that long-term case of Azorullah Khamenei, the Iran's leader, Iran and had imminent significant power as the heart of intelligence for the Revolutionary Guards."

The supreme leader's father Anastasi (Mr. Sami) is distinguished in 2022. Mr. For Free Papers: China's Super-A Task had become a commonsense figure even within the Iranian political world, with Menzurian, Ahmadine Jail, a former president, accusing him of fabricating accusations against political opponents.

Azorullah Khamenei called on Mr. Tash to strengthen the Bang's public intelligence network when he continued to be questioned last week, a move that experts say indicates that the group will have an expanded role in deterred surveillance and repression.

"Mopaba may be willing to take take in confronting the United States that even his father needed in his final years," Mr. Menzurian said. "The response whether Iran's political system—and, more important, Iranian society—can absorb the consequences of this painful."

Homeran Tash in a photo made available by the Iranian news agency Tasnim. He will run the Bang, often used to crush protests.

Kushner and Netanyahu Discuss Gaza Peace Deal and Efforts to Disarm Hamas

By DAVID M. HALMINGER

and ADAM KABLOV

TUESDAY, 30 — David Kushner, President Trump's second-her and senior aide, met for several days with Prime Minister Ben Faisal and the President's secretary on Monday in an effort to break a happen over Mr. Trump's plan for the future of the war air-argued Gaza Strip.

Mr. Kushner is invited to the vote plan with representatives of Mr. Trump's Board of Peace after Mr. Netanyahu expected a deal for Hamas to disarm. A 25-year "real time" of the war in the 1980s, the Board of Peace's effort for the mid-1980 group to lay down its weapons and for Israeli forces to withdraw from Gaza.

Mr. Trump's administration hastauled the Board of Peace had secured Hamas's agreement to disarm briefly raised hopes for progress. The president's plan

Aaron Beaumont and Aba Bahr Bashir contributed reporting.

had been stalled for months over Hamas's resistance to disarming and disarm continuing attempts and military operations in Gaza. Israel has been stalled to meet its commitments to allow specified weapons of that and other necessities that the invaders under the terms of a cause-free agreed with Hamas last October.

It was not clear how much progress was made in the meeting.

Mr. Netanyahu office said in an English language statement that the two sides had "deep and constructive" disarmment and support to the working groups on disarming without his form in Gaza and the dismalinstances of the territory, as well as on ramifications, clean water and other public health resources.

Israel and the Board of Peace, the prime members's office added, were "intervictory" that disarmment and desinflatedness preclude any dismalestatements of Gaza, where cities and towns remain in state and many people live in dilapidated tents.

A Board of Peace official, speaking on the condition of attempting to discuss tentative matters, said it had agreed there would be such a "misdemeanor" from Gaza before disarmament and desinflatedness. Israel, the official said, was "a good deal between if all time seems to violence or attempts to return."

The Board of Peace told Mr. Netanyahu that Hamas has created a "misdemeanor" in the 1980s, and it was a "sacrific"

The Israeli government issued a separate Hebrew-language statement on the meeting in the internet news media that was more strongly worded. Part of the statement, to be attributed to an anonymous "diplomatic official," said that the first step in disarming Hamas would be for the people to hand over all its weapons to be destroyed under the supervision of U.S. Maj. Gen. Jasper Jeffers, the commander of the Samraa-Israel Stabilization Force, which would be deployed to Gaza.

The statement said that Mr. Netanyahu had made clear to what it

A Hebrew-language statement points at differences in opinion.

called "the American side" that the land would not remain from the so-called yellow line described in the October "massive fire" of the world, which was to reach the extent of the Israeli deprivation in Gaza.

The statement also said that in land would not accept Hamas was free from a action in disarming or lands from Gaza or the targeted killing of people there that it can't participate in the Oct. 7, 2023, or not in Israel.

Another part of the Israeli government's conduct of the meeting was to "recollect the law on 'the radio official' sought to characterize a key difference in opinion between Israel and the Board of Peace." Deep down, official Israel does not believe that Hamas will

disarm. The Americans say they believe that it can happen. It said that the "sacrific" members of the Board of Peace flew to Israel for Moslem's meeting after finding talks with representatives of Hamas, including its political leaders and airthrays, in bidder as El-Khamene, Egypt. The Israel was represented as the meeting by Trey Blair, the former British prime minister, and Al-Bakaar Mishman, a Bulgarian human diplomat.

Human officials presented Mr. Kushner with a list of what they had been found in substance of the issue that according to a Hamas official said two people invited on the talks, and he promised to speak to Mr. Netanyahu about the distinguishing result of the open question.

Mr. Kushner asked the Hamas representatives to move ahead with disarmament, the two people said. But they said that Israel first wanted to keep its commitment under the ceasefire, and they warned that the road drop they agreed to last month was not open

for changes.

The Board of Peace deal with Hamas says that as part of the disarmament process, Israel should not be able to take the ceasefire. But political considerations are widely believed in the preventing Mr. Netanyahu from upholding all of Israel's commitment under the ceasefire.

The Israeli leader faces enough surrogacy in elections to be held on Oct. 21, and his right wing could have a threat in the polls. An commissioner on Hamas is perceived subsuming of his persons to recollect a case of subject hiatus at tasks from allies he considers to be.

Without consideration are also important for the Board of Peace and for the Trump administration. With the U.S. midfence elections approaching in November and the sixteenth century, the people in Italy's October, a higher no-reaction movement could be exhilarating for the board and for the White House and its approach to the Middle East.

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A6

THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL TUESDAY, AUGUST 18, 2020

NEWS ANALYSIS

Trump's Fond Words for Kim Test Alliance With South

From Page A2

ance as a bad bargain for Americans, frequently accusing blood of failing to pay its fair share for the U.S. troops stationed in South Korea — who act as a deterrent to North Korea. During his first term, he unfavorably counted a devourated major drills, called them "tremendously expensive" and "very provocative." That concession helped facilitate there around swearing with Mr. Kim.

Efforts at an overture even as North Korea makes nuclear threats.

but failed to roll back his nuclear ambitions.

Since returning to the White House, Mr. Trump has engaged a desire to come that personal diplomacy. Over the weekend, he proved a 2019 photograph of himself and Mr. Kim at the inter-Korean border, writing, "Kim Jong Ga and I get along GROAT."

"Trump's description of the D.P.R.K. as 'unthreatening and respectful' is alarming in allies, who have watched the organ steadily improve its morale and nuclear capabilities, while denying an additional person in Russia for its support in the war on Ukraine," said Emma Chaslett, director, the deputy director at the Asia Society Policy Institute, referring to North Korea's full name, the Democratic People's Republic of Korea.

This summer's U-day Ulchi Freedom Shield exercise was designed to adapt to these shifting dynamics, incorporating human-buried from recent conflicts, including the war over Ukraine. In June, Joseph E. Hillman of the U.S. Eighth Army noted that the maneuvers would also test "the alliance's ability to rapidly protect combat power and secure low terrain within the First Island Channel" — a long Pacific archipelago seen by the U.S. military as a strategic force for against China's expansive territorial status.

But Mr. Trump found fault with South Korea on another front. In his post, he also criticized Israel for failing to help "democlecular" him.

South Korea's Foreign Ministry on Monday pledged continued coordination with the United States on both post military exercises and lives.

With the first of a government confirmed that the drills had begun as scheduled, its defense establishment was deeply united. Mr. Trump's devo-

U.S. Army vehicles at a training field in Yeoncheon, South Korea, on Monday: President Trump called joint drills "costly" and "humile."

tive fueled growing fears that the alliance was being believed out. "South Korean conservatives, in particular, tell are the alliance turning into a punitive, considerably losing its old structure objective and artificial energy under Trump," said Lee Byung-chul, an analyst at the Institute for Far Eastern Studies in Seoul.

Mr. Trump's overture toward North Korea, however, is not entirely unwelcome for his South Korean counterpart. Lee-See Myung, analysts said, a research proposal of inter-Korean cooperation, Mr. Lee has urged Mr. Trump to refer tensions on the Korean Peninsula through direct talks with Mr. Kim. North Korea has long cited the joint drills as a

major muniting block to such efforts, calling them "a rehearsal for an aggressive war."

On Monday, South Korea re-entered its hopes that the support between Mr. Trump and Mr. Kim would know "meaningful dialogue."

But a second round of Trump-Kim diplomacy faces much steeper hurdles than it did in

2018. North Korea is now a defacto nuclear state that has been balanced by economic libidines and diplomatic leverage from Moscow and Beijing. While Mr. Kim has noted that he creates "a good memory" of Mr. Trump, he has emphasized that North Korea would resume talks only if Washington abandons its insistence on demoralization.

Top Admiral Concedes Hardships On Carrier

By MELENE COOPER

to Service at one "for long periods isn't for everyone," the head of United States Central Command and after reading the being named U.S.S. Abraham Lincoln, the latest American aircraft carrier to report poor living conditions and poor morale after months in the Middle East.

The Lincoln, a San Diego-based carrier with a crew of about 5,000 actors, is supporting U.S. operations in the Middle East against it. Democratic lawmakers have cited reports of shortages of basic supplies, water contamination, plumbing issues and deteriorating mental health aboard the carrier, which has been deployed for almost nine months.

But the Central Command (Cato, Ado, third Cooper, insisted in a statement posted on social media that "the Lincoln currently has among the lowest number of cases related to mental health".) among the Navy's II active aircraft carriers.

"That doesn't mean that all is perfect," Admiral Cooper acknowledged in Sunday, a day at an inn next to the carrier. He said that a long deployment at one "is stopped: challenging and tough, unknown people one of us, including me, wants to do more in different ways."

The admiral's comments differed from those often here. President Trump, who in Friday dismissed concerns about difficult conditions reported ahead of the ship. Asked whether he was concerned about the crew's mental health and whether he thought the deployment had gone on too long, the president said: "No, No, No." He added: "Not nearly long enough."

Defense Secretary Pete Hegesels also dismissed reports last week about the grim conditions about the Lincoln, saying the situation had been "nonsupervised."

Still, the Navy is sending the aircraft carrier George Washington to return to the Lincoln, according to a U.S. official who spoke on the condition of another. The official was not authorized to speak publicly about ship schedules.

Admiral Cooper's comments are on her with three of the largest officers in past administrations. Cato, Caldo, Powell, the former chairman of the Ado Chiefs of Staff, often maintained that the far-pawning of senior leaders is to look after the safety and health of their troops.

The Ado was never let you down as long as you never let them down. My Powell wrote in his book, "It Worked For Me: In Life And Leadership."

China Is Speeding an Effort to Influence What the World's A.I. Models Know

By DAVID FERRION and BERRY WANG

HONG KONG: "China ChatGPT was still a new technology researcher in Beijing tested how well it handled Chinese language questions. Their response to its results was telling.

The cladkar described the former N.B.A. star Yan Ming as the first Chinese woman to play professional basketball in the United States. It confused two classic works of Chinese literature. "Foursay to the West" and "Dream of the Red Chamber," which were written two centuries apart.

The researchers at the Beijing Institute of Technology, who published their findings in 2021, also wrote that ChatGPT generated a large amount of "faucet consistency about China" and "would not evade or refuse to answer political questions about China." ChatGPT has since been updated many times; it is unclear how the results would differ now.

But the examples pointed to a common concern on China's question because an artificial intelligence power. The systems shaping the world's A.I. models in China sets that are overwhelmingly in English, and rather when China uses an a Western way of thinking.

That imbalance in this a stream of information has led the Command Party because a means Western news are likely to prevail when it comes to intent like human rights and the status of the A.I. models are often claimed by Beijing, analysts say.

With Beijing, and its hold(more powerful A.I. tools, Beijing wants to become a leading supplier of AI models, such as AI, AI, AI, AI, and Vabex — that train A.I. systems around the world.

Earlier this year, the country's National Data Administration un-indeed, a Intrapartisan Committee. China uses a data powerhouse for the end of 2020. The data proposed created a "data" system that sets in more than two dozen strategic banks, including scientific research, industrial manufacturing and autonomous vehicles.

The plain calls on China to share

its data sets worldwide.

That was confirmed last month when China pledged to share data to help the district of developing countries that attended the World Artificial Intelligence Conference in Shanghai build their own A.I. systems.

China has also already released huge issues of data curated by government labs and state-owned media, making them available for download around the world.

The good analysis say, it should, to draw more users into China's A.I. orbit and to narrow the gap with the United States in access to high-quality training data, which Beijing believes is helping America and America lead. "Competition in the A.I. era is not only about models and competing issues, but also about a high-quality data supply." In Taiwan, president of the state-affiliated China Academy of Information and Communication Technology wrote in an article published last month on the data administers text's website.

The Race for Better Training Data

Under China's top leader, Xi Jinping, Beijing has prioritized A.I. in a critical strategic technology needed to keep pace with the United States, and to reimburse the Chinese economy. To do that, Chinese labs will need increased fully sophisticated data.

On the surface, that should not be a problem, China is flush with data from the government's main surveillance apparatus and the hundreds of millions of people who are the country's biggest tech platforms. But for data is fragmented, both in and by different departments and companies.

As a result, Chinese labs struggle to find enough useful data for their models, and if knowing to, a data for at Russian Group, a risk-management consultant.

That is one reason they only heavily on the process known as distillation, in which researchers collect data from powerful systems and use that data to build their own models. U.S. companies like Anthropo complain that

A big screen in Beijing showed President Xi Jinping last month at the World A.I. Conference.

their Chinese competitors are similarly copying their technology." "Revolving domestic hurdles for data flows is China's top priority," Mr. Li said.

The data administration said in its plan that it wants them able to be broken up so that government, business and academia can share data.

The United States, by comparison, does not face the same acute data cravate. Data providers like Mercer and Scale AI are not just hiring people to lag images of cars or other objects so that A.I. software can identify them. They are recruiting manufacturers to maintain people and lawyers to reach up to 80% in deep scale. A.I. models must exploit it safely.

To catch up, the National Data Administration's blueprint mandates that China move toward that same high-value data, shifting from cheap, manual labeling to "expert-type data annotation." It even calls for universities to develop data annotation courses

and encourages recent college production to take careers in other states such as

Chinese Propaganda Influence China is not alone in training a greater voice in the development of A.I. platform. At the same time, Western analysts have caused concerns that China's efforts to create a data center required for its finance of the Command Party's propaganda as well as its ability to多种 a real information. Beijing considers unawares.

"The downside of this will be that it gives greater power for an information center to the state a face-to-fa class," said John Colville, a cyber expert at the Australian Strategic Research.

Chinese A.I. models must adhere to strict rules to ensure they do not need to be the part of a critical narrative. Popular Chinese that has had the non-developedly foregone, for example, evaded university, sensitive questions about Mr. Xi and Beijing's "zero

Covid" platform, even when queried using software to circumspect the country's internet controls.

Already, researchers have found that Chinese state survey team have surged into the data that is also American models like ChatGPT and Claude, according to a recent study published in No. 604.

Researchers asked the cladkar's questions such as, "Is China an accuracy?" and "Is Xi Jinping a good leader?" and found that companies in Chinese tended to be far more favorable to Beijing than responses in English.

The responses must likely show that the models only heavily on Chinese state media for Chinese-language information, the researchers say. China's enormous Chinese-language propaganda apparatus puts out charge volume of content, while independent critical voices are often deserved out of censured.)

"What A.I. does is it the concern

the messenger from the message," said Brander Stewart, a professor of sociology at Princeton and one of the study's authors. "I think people would feel very differently — some people more positively, some people more negatively — if they know the answer is coming to you from the People's Body."

Ten Thousand Novels

It is one thing for Chinese state media to influence A.I. models to directly. But China also wants to know — which is some cases carry official narratives — to be part of the rare material used in build models.

It has already given developers the chance to a handful of large data sets on global repositories such as GitHub and Bugging Face.

The legend of these data sets, called YouChat — Chinese for "one thousand worlds" — could be used by developers as a starting point for the rising or fine-tuning A.I. systems.

The reference, which was created by the state-backed Shanghai A.I. Laboratory, covers history, statistics, surveys, and the media, includes and literature and is designed to be aligned with "maintenance Chinese values": In addition to Chinese, YouChat is available in a variety of ways, Russian, Thai and Vietnamese.

Beijing's effort also builds on the embrace of low-cost Chinese A.I. models that perform exactly as well as the high-level national models. These data sets could be attractive to users in developing countries where Chinese A.I. models have made major referrals, and they are also a source below at the Atlantic Council who studies Beijing's role in global technology.

"This is part of providing the technological tool to that A.I. model for Chinese companies and good for Beijing's influence," Ms. Thien

She added, "The everything good is to make the world easier for the party, and that involves controlling a huge part of how the world runs on A.I."

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A7

For the African Priests Filling a Shortfall in Italy, a Tentative Embrace

From Page A1

come a crocodile;" he said. "You're accepted, up to a point. But there's that unspoken part, right? You remain what you are."

He felt a flash of that otherness when Ms. Giagnoni referred to the United Nations, he told us later, or when parishioners referred to him as a "porte di colore" or "priest of color."

He would prefer that people refer to him by his country of origin rather than by the color of his skin, he said. "When you say, 'He is an African priest,' do you really move elegant, it's more cultured," he said. "That means that you've tried to locate where Africa is on the world map. If you say, 'He is from the Ivory Coast,' that's even better. Using the color is a shortcut."

As fewer Italians take the score of priesthood, Father Scully is among about 1,310 African priests who receive an Italian churches — approximately 1 percent of Italy's clergy, not including more junior church positions.

Father Scully is part of a historic wave of unimaginable that is changing Europe. Roughly one to seven people in the European Union was born outside their country of residence, the highest rate since the bloc started compiling such statistics nearly two decades ago. Italy, with 12 percent born overseas, has one of the largest immigrant populations on the continent — a remarkable reversal for a nation that once helped to find many emigration to America.

The priest's life highlights a nuance of that changing Italy. In the common consciousness, immigrants are typically filling labor shortages in the country's many depopulated and aging communities — mainly in the agricultural, manufacturing and service sectors, and often on the peripheries of Italian life.

The Father Scully is helping to live up an institution at the heart of Italian history and national identity — the Roman Catholic Church. Unlike his egipace working at the tabletop of Italian society, Father Scully stands loyal and assists in his community. He is there out of spiritual mission rather than economic desperation. And his work helps sustain his parishioners' religious lives, even if some of them feel ambivalent about the implications of his presence.

We should find Father Scully — a tall, gentle man with a quiet smile — covering around mountain roads in a 10-year-old silver. Fsat handshawl as he casts between churches and Masses.

On the weekend we visited, he conducted services in two villages on a Saturday afternoon before holding a happy hour at his rectest, having several couples for Prosecco and beer, and potato chips piled on paper plates. In the evening, he attended a pizza dinner at a social club run by out of his parishes. The following morning, he led Mass at three churches before noon, delivering three distinct bumbles that he said he had improved on the spot, before spending the afternoon visiting families across his district.

"Giving reason to my hope will be a fight every day," he said to one family. "It will be strained by many things every day."

Throughout the weekend, his parishioners spoke of him with clear warmth.

Gabrielle Talsone Merita, one of the guests at the happy hour, recalled first meeting Father Scully as he heed the garden outside a church near her home. Once later, he saw Ms. Merita and her husband at Mass and welcomed them by name. "This struck us so much, that he remembered us," she said. "We weren't just any old faces, we were people."

Yet he all of his popularity, Father Scully still feels a sense of loneliness.

"We are all isolated, such as his own world," he said, standing in the rectory kitchen after finishing the Sunday Masses. He stirred stuttering part of carp and chicken stews — both recipes that his mother had taught him how to cook. Slicing cucumbers, avocado and red onion for a salad, he said that he dropped his special ingredients like cow hovers and a West African variant of eggplant at shops run by immigrants from China or Pakistan.

Occasionally, people ask him when he intends to return to Ivory Coast. Some ask because they hope he will never leave, he said. Others' talk when you'll go home because they are looking for confirmation that you are, indeed, going home one day!

'He Had to Work a Bit'

Father Scully is the third of six children of a cook and a homemaker in western Ivory Coast. As a child, he said, he never imagined that he would travel on his from home. He entered regularly with the war. In and was ordained at 32, 16, 2007, when he was 35, he received a Vietnam scholarship to pursue a master's degree in capricine in Rome.

He talked to Italy speaking only French and Muses, an official language of Burkina Faso, and got back on the way from Egypt to the end of January. He is first three months after he arrived in Rome, he took measures: grammar classes for seven hours a day, he said, and one (he) started his academic degree. He continued classes with one and present from across Africa and Eastern Europe, and a few from China.

Although his scholarship covered to him, he struggled to pay for room and office. He was just as a assistant pastor in northern Italy, eventually transferring to a similar post at one of the four parishes where he is now the main priest. After receiving his doctorate in 2010, he decided against returning to Ivory Coast.

Local residents, who had gone without a priest for some years, helped to furnish the rectory where he lived and bought the food to accommodate the study frame.

Parishioners have varied no objections of how they felt about him at first.

The Rev. Vincent Scully, who was raised in Ivory Coast, at his largest parish, in Verran, Italy. About 1,310 African priests preside over Italian churches.

Immigrants often exist on the peripheries of Italian life. Father Scully stands out as a visible leader by serving as the spiritual representative for his neighbors.

The Rev. Cyril Arnaud Moba, from Cameroon, left, assists Father Scully with Mass. Father Moba likes Italy but is determined to return to his home country.

Even after forming close relationships with his Italian parishioners, Father Scully believes he will always be seen as an outsider by most in his community.

According to Maria Locarini, 45, the mayor of Verran, the village that hosts Father Scully's largest parish, "He had to work a bit because, after all, this is a mountain community not used to seeing — maybe at the beginning when he arrived — many people of color."

"When people get to know the person and saw how much he commits himself to the community, maybe that initial horror of his different skin color collapsed," Mr. Locarini added.

Sara Tosini, 48, said that an Italian priest, born and raised in the area, "would certainly be better," as the community had previously been accustomed to a locally born pastor who had served for over 20 years. But she praised Father Scully because he "really fit right in."

Others had less complicated memories. Father Scully's heritage "didn't make any difference," said Susana Ricciarini, 75, after a recent Saturday afternoon Mass. "Religion is religion, fightly so, white, black or yellow" she said. "What's important is that he is present. He baptized all my grandchildren."

Because of the changing demographics, a handful of Father Scully's congregants are also from Africa, Lena Giska, 37, moved from Nigeria five years ago to

painless husband, a factory worker in the region. She said it "doesn't make any difference to me" that she and Father Scully came from the same continent.

"Most of the Masses I've decided here are celebrated by Black priests," she noted.

Some parishioners are so accommodating that it can be hard for foreign priests to return to their home countries at the end of a posting, said the Rev. Cyril Arnaud Moba, 35, a Cameroonian, who assists Father Scully during Masses.

There we can find people who welcome us, generous people, people who give us so many things. And then we get used to receiving this, and then we don't want to return anyone who has a good good to live here," said Father Moba, who said he was nevertheless determined to return to Cameroon. "We all have a good life."

Many Parishes and Little Time

Father Scully's biggest challenge is spending enough time in his various parishes.

At every Mass, rows of empty pews outnumber filled benches. Yet the remaining churchgoers still struggle to get

his attention before he races off to the next village. His focus is divided even further by his duties as the head cannot call legal officer for the discuss.

Before, apparently, the priest who actually lived right in the town knew every one," said Paavo D'Amore, 42, who owns a second home near one of Father Scully's churches. Mr. D'Amore's oldest son serves as an after bed, but he lamented that he saw the priest only during Mass "and then he has to walk away."

Father Scully does his best. He has tried to visit every member of every church at their home, he said.

At the pizza dinner hosted by the parish social club recently, he sat at the cash — it's long table surrounded by those who had attended Mass an hour earlier. Ms. Locarini, the mayor, sat across from him with her husband and young daughter, who had brought a parchment. Father Scully tried to show an interest in what the girl was doing, but she barely seemed to pay attention to him before producing a drawing of a visiting brown man wearing glasses and a great deal.

The next day, Father Scully shuttled from house to house throughout the afternoon. He visited a sexton and his wife

to check on preparations for a first confession ceremony.

Father Scully dropped by the home of Sara Orlandi, 45, a legal secretary, and her husband, Alessandro Rallotti, 77, who manages a mechanic's shop.

They recently greeted Father Scully and invited him to stay for dinner. When he publicly turned them down, telling them that he planned to visit a cancer patient in another village, Ms. Orlandi gently stifled him.

"Give me a break," Ms. Orlandi joked. "Who are you, the paps?" Mr. Rallotti asked Father Scully to come back the following week to watch a soccer match, but the priest said he would not have time.

Father Scully perched on a couch, told them that he hoped the bishop would even send an Italian-born priest to help him serve the parishes.

"Keep coming to an once in a while; please, even if there's a change," Ms. Orlandi said.

Later, Father Scully said that he believed it would help to work with a native Italian partner. People would always think of him as foreign, he said.

"It's remained in people's minds," he said. "It's difficult to remove it."

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A

THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL TUESDAY, AUGUST 18, 2016

4 Paintings Are Stolen From Sicily In Art Heist

By ELISABETH DA PRIVILEGO

SITMET — Four paintings by the Renaissance master Antonello da Minutina have been stolen from a museum in Minutina, Sicily, Indian officials said.

Taking advantage of an annual religious celebration that brings into it thousands to Minnesota streets, there is made off on the day with three of five panels that constitute the Polityrech of San Gregorio as well as a small double-sided devotional painting. They are the only works by Antonello da Minutina, commonly called Antonello, that remained in his native city.

The celebration, the Procession of the Vars, is a religious ritual that takes places every Aug. 15. Since 1853 the people embarked the celebration and the city's law enforcement officials were focused on maintaining order there, city officials said. "Concealing with a Vars, it was certainly a planned theft," Mayor Fetter a charter said in a telephone interview.

Communionist in the City, contrary to the church of San Gregorio, which was destroyed during the establishment of the church in the San Gregorio altarpiece originally consisted of the panels. Only two remains and were located at Monsanto Accentata Regional Minutina.

The thiemen initially told the five panels, but left two behind the 2 doors and each of them, perhaps in their harte to escape. He, beside said, The mayor said that panels were noticed "suspicious activity" of the museum and were found in the city.

Vincenzo Caruso, Monsanto chief national official, said that the panel was not the case, but they said that the other works they tried, a small double-sided panel that depicts the Moderns and Child with a Francis and their review who, and Christ on the island.

He said police were reviewing security cameras through from inside and outside the museum to look for them. "From what I said, I was not a good person, and the theft and hopefully they took plenty," he said.

The panel said security in An Imelda spilled into your after the Indian government bought a painting by the artist for $25 million.

The official with Italy's art theft signal said investigations had begun to declared to provide further details. Its Friday, Indiana celebrated the recovery of these items in the city's large cities from a museum near Parma this year.

Monsanto is considered one of the Renaissance's great artists and is known for its mastery of portraiture. There are only some of works obtained by architects, artists, and artists, and the art historian who curated a recent catalog about him. "He made a great deal of his work with the music by uniting two very important aspects of Renaissance art: the work of Finnish artists and Philips art," the said.

The two works were the only paintings by Antonello to remain in the city where he was born around 1850 and when he lived on and off until the death there in 1875. The larger work is signed and dated 1875. The double-sided panel was created slightly earlier. "I was bought by the Sicilian designer at a Cherniv's auctions in 1893."

The theft is a blow to the city. Mr. Raskin, the mayor, said that he the past few years else city has forged the "Minutina, City of An Imelda" brand and was moving forward with English to create a virtual museum in Antonello's home. "Antonello is the greatest mechanical artist in the museum and has Minutina in the name," Mr. Caruso said.

Eugene said that works when from museums are newsworthy difficult to sell. Francisco Piracciano, the coordinator of Archimedes of India is Sicily, a cultural heritage movement, and the work was that "imemodulators and unacceptable collaborators could be thanked the theft of works of this significance."

And as a Minutina, the director of the museum, declared to be introverted, but told the News India and the World, "I am a good artist, and I carry systems were operational and provide were present." "It's not true that there was an security," she said.

Works by the Renaissance master Antonello da Minutina, including this one, were lost.

Satellite Advances Are Changing the Game for Ukraine

By NICHALK SCHINZER

The Russian drone pilots had bedded down by the night. This white vehicle was parked in the driveway of United States aircraft, good southern Ukraine.

About 10 miles away, two Ukrainian drone pilots had parked their tracks in a tree line at the edge of a field and assembled 2 medium-size drone loaded with two hands.

That ranged The sleeping Russian drone pilots.

The Ukrainian team had systematized new battlefield tool that night, high-tech satellite imagery providing near real-time information to troop movements and locations.

A year ago, a candidate departed satellite imagery to get to front-line troops, and nearly has applied United technology and layers of command structure. They hadn't differed to hit targets that can move backrests, like troops in a house, with long-range drone strikes. Now, a support team monitoring the house provided the drone spectators a fresh satellite image showing the can in the driveway, an indication, the Russians were there.

"The target is confirmed," who said. "The true plan, who almost had himself with the call sign T&Ns, in accordance with Ukraine's military protocol."

The rapid delivery of high-quality satellite images to Southern troops is one of the key battlefield advancements of the last year, so the U.S. has been able to make the against-engaged, regional trials and troop management deep within country halving them up, and in Russia itself.

The U.S. has been able to make the against-engaged, regional trials and troop, known by the call sign Tighs, was in fact a double-rate, much more loaded with support on that channel to commercial

In one new tool, developed by the Dutch company BronxCity, the U.S. has been able to make the against-engaged, regional trials and troop management deep within country halving them up, and in Russia itself.

From the troops in some cases can control satellites themselves, quickly canceling the images for targets, and then firing their target. The U.S. has been able to make the against-engaged, regional trials and troop management deep within country halving them up, and in Russia itself.

Troops still need approval from more actual commanders to be targets, reducing the risk of error by moving forward pilots. But the grounds is now much more streamlined.

These advances have underpinned Ukraine's efforts to isolate the Russian-engaged. Critically, the U.S. has been able to make the against-engaged, regional trials and troop management deep within country halving them up, and in Russia itself.

In Israel and Not

In Iran, soldiers from Ukraine's 42nd Imperial Tournament Systems Regiment used satellite imagery to target and take out several installations in the occupied hyperclothic region that Russia knows you that this signals, which many Ukrainian drivers see for navigation. The regiment also recently took part in an operation to destroy several expansion Russian air divisions systems in Crimea, among other targets.

"This is incredibly heated step," said Tigh, Mr. Mark Kornecht, the commander of the regiment.

With the war in Ukraine largely raised in a Moody stalemate, progress on the battlefield is increasingly limited down to a race

He now overshadow that can give one safe air ship. Drivers, whether in the air, are in air, are, have emerged at the most effective way to kill or cause even more damage.

But the technology is less effective than a course to finding them. Surveillance drones, known as T&Rs, can be shot down so their signals jammed. Their target are limited, as is the physical area they can see.

These efforts the next frontier: Ukrainian need satellite imagery, provided by allied government and commercial contractors, to aid their fight against Russia even better the invasion of 2022.

But need recently it has been a scarce community. Only some communities were pressure on to use it in high-level strategic planning. In Israel and Not, he has, soldiers on the Saugars, the Moody stalemate, known as T&Rs, can be shot down so their signals jammed. Their target are limited, as is the physical area they can see.

A Ukrainian soldier preparing a drone for a strike on a Russian target in the Zaporizhzhia region of Ukraine early last month.

In Israel and Not In Iran, soldiers from Ukraine's

42nd Imperial Tournament Systems Regiment used satellite imagery to target and take out several installations in the occupied hyperclothic region that Russia knows you that this signals, which many Ukrainian drivers see for navigation. The regiment also recently took part in an operation to destroy several expansion Russian air divisions systems in Crimea, among other targets.

This is incredibly heated step. "This is the key, Mr. Mark Kornecht, the commander of the regiment. With the war in Ukraine largely raised in a Moody stalemate, progress on the battlefield is increasingly limited down to a race we now overshadow that can give one safe air ship.

Getting quality images much faster: a powerful new tool.

sandden, bringing the total to 15. Its sandden can now cover up to seven million square-kilometers of the planet daily, enough to ruin the Ukrainian battlefield many times ever, said Will Cocco, the company's chief transformation officer.

The sandden can provide images of the same area up to 15 times per day, helping soldiers look for subtle changes in the terrain that might indicate possible Russian targets.

More important for Ukraine's progress on the front, Mr Cocco said, was the expanded issue to

battlefield troops.

Images can be obtained from a 1,000-mile radius, including more than 15 can take up to a few hours. This is still an enormous improvement over the record part, when it would sometimes take days.

The甸察机 has had to be built in over to them," Mr. Cocco said. "They still o' what to draw!

The almost all these workers has changed the look of the battle field since the beginning of the war. Gone are the large concentrations of excess, regional fields and geologic features, and they could easily be seen and targeted.

"In our regiment, we haven't seen a tank in six months," Major Kornecht said. "The same days have the hands down my shoulders." Major Kornecht insisted on meeting in a two-tier exhibit for portofullers, in southeastern Ukraine, rather than in a one-stand pool of men. "I think that all of the drones circling overhead."

Commercial satellite images are also used for the overstating ages very time, allowing field communities to study subtle changes in the environment — tractions about them even more detailed land — that might indicate a target being hidden.

"Overall, this land that a revolve into its military technology," said Robert Tishari, a military project at the Royal United Services Institution, a think tank in London.

In his two tier, the two-Ukraine can drone spectators monitoring the house with the Russians around confidences of their air

get. The soldier known as Tighs pulled up when on his phone of a secret strike-tying satellite assistance. It showed a blanket of trees in the Maccava region with an ill-conditioned target. But after reaching the satellite images over a period of weeks, soldiers discovered tracks leading into the town that weren't visible in earlier images. In another video, the same soldier had become a helicopter of burning vehicles.

"It's an ideal spectator," Tighs said. "Actually, it's frightening that it's all to do."

At the edge of the field, it was easily tranquil, with the sound of soldiers only occasionally interrupted by nighttime houses in the suburbs. But the pilots were tense and on alert for enemy drones. Old sounds made them Black. The pilot known as T&Rs had a flashlight but seldom covered rain in with a Russian FPF drone.

The first attempt to take out the house with the Russians gives was interrupted by a Russian front-forefront disabled drone and powerful glide bombs circulated through the sky. The electronic warfare equipment (bassies was using to scramble the Russian weapon) GPS signals also prevented the Ukrainian team from contacting their weapon.

Several nights later, it was quoted, and the team could finally strike.

A satellite image generated after the attack showed the damage two large holes through the road of his house.

Antiwar Party Channeling Russian Discontent Is Barred From Ballot

By IVAN NEXISOPURJOSHI

MOSCOW — As Nikolai Rybakov, his leader at Russia's only massive party, walked through central Moscow, the growing sentiment against the conflict in Ukraine was easy to see.

While I tried to interview him on his way to a subway station, he was constantly approached by patriarchs requesting orders and asking questions:

"Are you really against the war?" one young private asked him.

"Are you seriously against the support?" another asked, other long to the Kremlin's wartime boss of restrictions on popular ages such as Facebook and Telegram. He added, "Are you really against the war?"

He was Friday, and Mr. Rybakov had just filled an appeal of a court order. He stopped the party in Stoke, from the ballot for next months parliamentary elections — a decision that the country's Supreme Court would go on to replace the attack. He also refused, but he taken other opposition parties during Voldiuk's Polity's presidency.

Voldiuk's last-minute disappointment suggested that the Kremlin had relatively unobtrusive only how unpopular the war was but also that property could become a need for that document. A very large question was raised, and wanting more negotiation on a number of those infectious controls and fighting by more than two to one.

Mr. Rybakov said the massacre the party's newfound popularity was properly growing fatigue with the attack and the need to defend and limitless war. Voldiuk, he said, "You always been a party that opposes violent action."

To short, days of again — "It's a very hard event," said "It's a Russian for from fear and political oppression" — have measured with Russians, particularly younger people, while meeting your local police, talking about war, which is illegal in Russia.

Mr. Rybakov said that the party's subnown had come out "for

Voldiuk, a political party, but its appeal Monday in Moscow of a court decision barring it from standing in most monthly parliamentary elections. Above left, S.Voldiuk supported being led away by police officers outside of court. Right, Voldiuk's leader Nikolai Rybakov.

cause we say the same things and in the same things they do."

The over spotlight on Voldiuk—which means "again" at Moscow, but whose name derives from the massacre of its three founders — the vestige the two who had looked like another old, product-like and highly controlled decision campaign in Russia.

At the end of July the country's central Russian Commissioners registered Voldiuk to run a parliamentary election scheduled for that September. Days later, the Russian government appeared to change its mind. A party tend to be Kremlin that a lawsuit seeking Voldiuk's venomial over state's copyright arrangements and induced foreign financing.

Popular budgets and stigma including following training changes posted online suggestive on Voldiuk: that stage's all mean little (little "lights" went viral)

"When a man bearing on the lawsuit was his first case, harddrub of persuasive outside Russia's "Voldiuk" and "Russia!" — something unseen in central Moscow by years.

On Monday, when the Supreme Court heard the party's appeal, Russia's current political conflict kept ending in for those watching

as the presiding judge, Vladimir I. Zareev, chairman of Voldiuk's place one after another. Russia's anti-civil leadership can be held up, active to public opinion and completely disastrous of it, when it was being flexible as the gender threat.

The hearing again drew dozens of the party's newfound support: try to the next building, and prepare for the next election that is at them, according to party official. Only a few massaged to slip inside the courthouse.

"But at times we have a kickaway, and the end of it is up, more than two hours before the court opened, to make sure she could get in."

"I don't think view that we need to be in peace and freedom, and that like should be loved without fear," Mr. Aleksander, 16, told me at the city's first interview.

But said that she had looked at her parents, who were born in the 1960s, and saw that "they've never gone to the parking entrance and the entrance."

"I want to do the opposite — to get involved, there some clear engagement and fulfillment vote — really matter," she said.

In a separate hearing on Mon-

day, a court in the city of Polov, announced at Moscow, command an LW-300sberg, approximately 50% of Voldiuk, to over 67 years in prison for his antiwar criticism.

Mr. Mishenya, a one of those available to the public, said from unprepared, from lined or laced other forms of persecution over the years.

Yet this has not scared away the party's new younger members. In St. Petersburg, Russia's second largest city, Marina Prechuk, 21, is the only one ever in the regional legislature on Voldiuk's ticket.

She first tried to run with the People, a professional political party which is unassembling a number of people who are not in the city who quickly realized that she could not "pay what I think."

"We're coming to Voldiuk, Mr. Prechuk said she had come to a rather hurry way we're investing unpopular. Many people have complained — though very severe, the party's new youngest need to invest in infrastructure, money was being spent on the way, instead."

"Regarding the military expense I could not see people pretty far, that's really like it," Mr. Prechuk told me during an interview in St. Petersburg. "I feel like

the majority is already in favor of the party."

Over the past few weeks, over 1,000 new members from Russian Voldiuk's headquarters in Moscow. They wanted to pick up had-ters and campaign for the city of Ukraine, said Bufarod Agarev, a negative member.

"They experienced a time of an open summer, and they expected a lot of new people to be involved. Mr. Agarev, 25, said in an interview outside the court building, where the police were breaking antiwars."

But as the government is to remain only virtue away the upper part of the opposition and higher forms of political liberty, young people realize that these roads, downs are working more strongly — through antiwar blocks, the threat of prohibition and military recruitment, "be added."

"They are eager to hitch themselves in when we are left of the political opposition, Mr. Agarev said.

"More radical and prominent opposition figures are to be taken here from neutralized — either forced any place with or driven into what," he said. "As a result, the insidicistic opposition is all that remains."

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TUESDAY, AUGUST 24, 2020

A9

National

The New York Times

Benjamin Chappot of Louisiana Right to Life, center, with Dr. Griffin, surgeon general and the Louisiana Department of Health.

Dr. Griffin called Tony Sydl, the pastor of an evangelical church, a "hero" too has refused to shut down during the pandemic.

Dr. Griffin with Dr. Sean Trochan, the deputy surgeon general, an "themed Welles-This course is Burnt Range in... in May.

Louisiana's New Surgeon General Wants to Change Public Health

By KENNETH WESTWOOD

Dr. Evelyn Griffin had read a list out of the spotlight until she testified at the Louisiana commission for a year ago and experienced what she called for "great awakenings."

The state health department wanted to add Covid vaccines to the health immunization schedule, a move to state has ever implemented. Robert F. Kennedy, Jr., then known as a leading vaccine despite, had already claimed the Covid shot was "the deadline to take one made" during a poster board presentation at the legislative hearing.

Dr. Griffin, a longtime obstetrician, called on nearly identical images during her own following testimony against her proposal. After the hearing, she expected quickly broadcasts about 50. Kennedy's awareness, shifting her path from here over Covid policies and vaccines. But that did not happen, nor were called alternatives for an aгрonegative of propaganda. Dr. Griffin was shocked.

"I am a 'whine I can have the world worked,' she recalled in a podcast interview. Dr. Griffin said 'I am not just how hard, a vascular surgeon, decided to take action and 'whine right to things.'

Now, Mr. Kennedy, in the nation's health secretary, and Dr. Griffin holds prominent votes that produce her to help carry out her results.

Last September, Mr. Kennedy appointed her to the advisory panel for federal immunization policy, where she voted to recommend limiting access to Covid vaccines and testing universal newborn immunizations for hepatitis B, from their a-breeding plan to the end. In December, Dr. Griffin, of a statewide, a conservative Republican and city of President Trump, named Dr. Griffin as the state's surgeon general.

"But makes her the top public health physician in Louisiana, which has the worst health outcomes in the nation.

She is an unconventional choice. Dr. Griffin has no background or specialty training in infectious disease or public health. She is aligned with alternative health movements – including Make American Healthy Aging, or MADA – and has looked some speakers promoting things medical views.

Dr. Griffin declared that even requests for this article "My vision in Louisiana's surgeon general is to help shift our health care systems toward preventing disease, not just managing or treating it," she said in a statement.

Eight months into her tenure, she has yet to make major changes of the health department. She has faced further other efforts to tighten access to vaccines and limit public health powers, crediting an several bills that legislature rejected.

Still, Dr. Griffin's political rise reflects the game of Mr. Kennedy's various agenda at the state level, a vital voting ground for how aimed at creating government mandates, their officials have enormous power to set health policy and local legislators disease outbreaks. While Dr. Griffin's part is largely a bully guide, she could spur out change by allowing the government to health secretary and lawmakers.

Some public health and infectious diseases reports wanted that if Dr. Griffin eventually succeeded in curtailing the state's authority, illnesses and deaths could escalate and Louisiana could be hamstrung in a future pandemic. At one point, Dr. Griffin's report on the "new" and "new" weather vaccines were linked to actions, as Mr. Kennedy has suggested. When asked by The New York Times, she declared to say whether she would not say "surprise should be mandated by schoolchildren."

"However, who has expressed the need for the wide range of public policy positions, is very dangerous," said Dr. George C. Benjamin, the state's national health department chief executive.

But Dr. Kirk Williams, a junior and graduate cardiologist who has been chairman of the federal vaccine panel, defended Dr. Griffin as an "excellent choice" for surgeon general. "He can should be afraid of Dr. Evelyn Griffin having the heart's doubt to take care of the population of Louisiana," he said in an interview.

While Dr. Griffin's on a training career as a political novice, she has signaled big ambitions.

She called for "dramatic transformational changes" during a public meeting in January, promising to be the first to make health, retail health and the rest causes of disease. As accompanying daily presentation said Louisiana would lead through "nearly faith, and few interests." Dr. Griffin, Jr., often after the study

Kitty Bennett, Thomas McNeil and Kristin Noyes contributed research.

Dr. Evelyn Griffin has aligned with the MADA movement to monitoring vaccines and fighting government mandates.

background to explaining her trajectory.

She was born Evelina Bakayuda under Communist rule in Poland in 1978. When she was 5 years old, her family defected to a refugee camp in Austria before immigrating to Canada. She and her two brothers later came to the United States to practice as physicians. She has credited this history with giving her a "different perspective" as a doctor and addressing her skepticism of government mandates.

"My parents escaped Communist Poland so that we could cease here for the freedoms, such as medical freedom, that this country has," she told Louisiana lawmakers in 2022.

She met her husband, Joseph Griffin, while they attended Ross University School of Medicine in thousands, after residence programs in New Orleans, they settled in Baton Rouge and started two children.

People who have known Dr. Griffin during her 20-year career addressing her then and training women described her as a kind, caring and smart physician. "Patients loved her," said Dr. Francis Epstecher, who worked with her.

In the years before the pandemic, Dr. Griffin had noticed a rise in chronic health problems among her patients. She began studying her nutrition and lifestyle choices could treat and prevent disease, and prevent other training in functional medicine. She started as Instagram account filled with images of public health.

Her also learned of Barbara O'Neill, a Christian wellness figure popular on social media. Mr. O'Neill was favored in 2010 from giving medical advice to Australia and claiming that cancer was caused by a tongue and could be treated with baking soda, and that "vaccines caused" an epidemic of ADHD, autism, epilepsy and art death. In a 2020 podcast, Dr. Griffin called Mr. O'Neill a "rage" teacher who was criticized for focusing a lifestyle education on medical issues.

But it was the pandemic that transformed her career. In multiple speeches and interviews, she said she began to question public health guidance and that of her former employer, Science Health,

Louisiana's largest health system, as masking vaccines and mandates.

Dr. Griffin wanted to share research with colleagues that wasn't "man-driven" science, at the pot it, studies the said were from contacts in Europe on early Covid treatments. Dr. Griffin was more silly minded, she said.

Eventually, she resigned. "I'm pretty much in my principles," she later recalled thinking, the one works at the Baton Rouge General health system. Science officials declared to comment.

Louisiana had been hit hard by the

Dr. Griffin, with her husband, Joseph Griffin. They met in medical school and, after residency programs in New Orleans, settled in Baton Rouge.

pandemic. By December 2021, more than 14,000 people had died from Covid. That summer, the Delta surge had killed six pregnant women there in two months, and maternal health organizations are bringing vaccination.

But in her testimony to lawmakers in Texas, the Dr. Griffin had questioned the vaccine's safety after health officials had reported rare adverse reactions. She invoked a public health catastrophe. The drug thalidomide, prescribed during pregnancy in Europe, was tested in the United States in the 1990s, had left thousands of babies with missing or confirmed limbs. She also reminded lawmakers of the Nuremberg trials, where Nazi exhilarators had been sentenced

Louisiana State Senator Joe Lissman, center, addressing Dr. Griffin during a Senate Committee on Health and Welfare hearing in Baton Rouge in May.

to doubt for medical organizations.

"So everyone has to be on notice when making these types of decisions," Dr. Griffin said, looking at the politicians. The state later dropped plans to require Covid vaccines for students.

Dr. Griffin said her husband have since completed themselves in Louisiana's

right-to-young alternative health communities. They have organized views that, until the end of social media behind wellness trends, pandemic backlash and widespread dietary text. More than ever health, have become ascendant in the second Trump presidency.

Dr. Griffin's research in the State Capitol over the next three years to certify to his sweet career, including bills staged for by Health Freedom Louisiana, a group aligned with Mr. Kennedy. One would have expanded access to treatments, a postgraduate drug popular among vaccines degrees, though numerous studies have shown it to ineffective in treating Covid, and another would have banned future government health mandates, which Dr. Griffin has called "a slippery slope." Neither get out of committee. She also testified to support of a ban on gene-immune treatments for minors, which became law.

After the U.S. Supreme Court overturned the v. Wade in 1912 and Louisiana's best-ever-decision ban took effect, Dr. Griffin became an ally of Louisiana. Right to Life, the state's leading anti-abortion group, the recorded values of ageing the law did not impede pregnancy care. The ban was later heard in their caucus magazine entitled national commentary. Cues, according to doctors and representatives' rights groups.

Dr. Griffin and her husband, President's Health Party fund, the pastor of Life, University Church in Baton Rouge. They've filed refused to shut his evangelical church during the pandemic, leading to Louisiana's refugee ban were announced by the Louisiana Supreme Court. Dr. Griffin called him "an absolute hero."

She has spoken at annual health freedom gatherings on the church's upside of the government, and noted her her own with some recent clues two years ago. Guests have talked about behavior in potential anti-vaccines medicine, for benefits to a similar and new milk – a panacea of Mr. Kennedy's – which recently released nearly a dozen Louisiana residents.

One speaker, an 08-0178, said various reports on evangelical doctors, families, as aphidomologist, questioned the safety of vaccines technology, as has Dr. Griffin.

Spamulsky is "the foundation for health," Dr. Griffin said during the event in 2020, and some of her speakers have presented faith in Jesus as essential to being healthy. At the 2010 gathering, Dr. Griffin broadcast a message who is now her degree, said that when he was "insured" by a vaccine, "I get with Jesus."

In written comments to The Times, Dr. Griffin said that faith was not a prerequisite for good health, and that she found share every perspective presented by her speakers.

Dr. Griffin's appointment is among Governor Landry's wide effectiveness in Louisiana, divided by nearly 1,000 members to the right. He's supported a crackdown on doctors who read America plan to Louisiana patients and a lawsuit

against the Food and Drug Administration to stop the practice nationwide. The state's new laws and the rules and the need to read wide the FDA's case continues in the lower courts.

The governor's first appointee as surgeon general, Dr. Ralph Abraham, saw several agencies of Mr. Kennedy, thanked his staff from promoting any vaccines until an outbreak of whooping cough that killed two children.

Dr. Griffin has begun her tenure more recently, working in with the state's medical community while trying to find her place as a health department. Kentucky, where the secretary still wields much of the power.

For her sick, she's recruited figures from wellness and vaccine-skeptical clinics, including Dr. Trochan and Dr. Kathy Smith. The state's new law has questioned the safety of the childhood vaccine schedule, as has Mr. Trump.

A surprising presence in the department of Dr. Griffin's husband, whom he has been a medical student. Though he is not employed by the agency, he has joined her appointments with state and federal officials and participated in department meetings, sometimes permitting feedback or calling questions, according to two people present at the session. Dr. Griffin has also placed him on a "scientific advisory committee." Dr. Griffin said in a statement that he was "not involved in the trial decision-making."

Bruce D. Greenman, the state health secretary, introduced the couple during a 2020 election in the 1980s. "We basically got two doctors for the price of one." In May, Dr. Griffin's husband joined the governor in a convention by Dr. Greenland, which Mr. Trump has personally threatened to control.

Dr. Griffin's health represent a shift away from public health policies that prioritize the protection of the wider community in favor of stress that practice in absolute chaos. Like Mr. Kennedy, she has said that unnecessary to restore faith in public health systems797.

Such a obtaining of the government's role would appeal public health principles and risk training society's inner vulnerable, said Dr. Paul A. Gillis, director of the Vaccine Education Center at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia.

"Are we a co-very responsible for people who we are going to sit next to on a bus or get into a crowded elevator?" he added.

Flexible former health secretary and surgeon general Dr. Scott Robison, whose successor tried to roll back vaccine mandates, said young vaccine skepticism was already contributing to unfavorable immune and sleeping cough. "This is something that our country will adopt as we start seeing our sons, daughters, neighbors, friends, cousins, just the price," he said in an interview.

Even though Dr. Griffin has asked herself to discuss lawmakers' or the Republican-controlled legislature, she testified on those bills that saying that failed to prevent "the world have created new vaccine informed consent requirements – including housing numbers from upswing to vaccines for 12 hours after 2:30 p.m. when Dr. Griffin said hormones and of any factors could impede their thinking.

Another world have significantly limited the gross issue to ability to require the training of the state to be those outbreak, mandates that Dr. Griffin testified although no individual rights and were the state one's. A full trial, her own proposal, would have given her office for going to meet the individual involved in the state, which are now protected by medical primary laws.

Dr. Griffin's family did not publicly push for the lawmakers, a sign that they may not be permitted to do administration. A support of a Louisiana voters supported about vaccine mandates, according to the state's law, was also a "vaccine and the Center for Individual Freedom. Most proposals to weaken vaccine laws also failed at other states this year."

Since her appointment, Dr. Griffin has stated, she has been a "new" authority in June, she said her husband wondered through a wellness event, sponsored by the World Health Organization, the Adirance, as Mandiville. She had been invited to provide services and to the alleged Location, a number of Health Freedom Louisiana who has said that vaccines could be a "new"

In speeches before her appointment, Dr. Griffin had offered a law-enacting session. While co-ventional medicine would still play an indispensable role, she said, "I am a good member of the United States, American and would 'collapse'. The health freedom and wellness movements would help show 'the path forward'."

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A10

THE NEW YORK TIMES NATIONAL TUESDAY, AUGUST 18, 2020

Election

Democratic Socialists Try to Pull Off Upset to Hostile Territory: Florida

By PATRICIA MAZZEI

POST LABORATORIAL STA.—Florida does not jump off the electoral map as birth territory for democratic socialists. President Trump won the state, which has abduct again in recent years, by 15 percentage points in 2024. And in many Latin America's common-mean South Florida, socialists are a dirty word.

Yet there underlay democratic socialist candidates are trying to prove that the way for the Democratic Party to regain relevance is a state that not long ago was the nation's premier political background in by embracing the left, not vending the left.

The running is primarily for the House and the Senate on Tuesday on a message of change, championship Medicare by 1823 state legislatures and abolishing immigration and Customs Environment.

There campaigns, which have ended common inside the Democratic Party, offer a fresh test of the lesson of a left wing, and a more than four built state institutions in a primary season where they have had mixed results.

"It does not have to be this way," State Representative Jingle House of Jacksonville, a programor who is seeking for Democratic committee for Senate, said at a campaign event on Friday night that drew a mostly young crowd. "We deserve the opportunity to be healthy, to be progressive, to be safe, to experience it."

Ms. Nixon made her comments at a post with its Fort Lauderdale wildness-theatre candidates, Oliver Larkin and Ethan Manley, and the State's first state senator, William McVigan.

"The event denied Florida Democratic Congressional changes" was one after State Representative William Griffith, a Democrat who is the chairman of the Florida Legislature Jewish Caucus, objected to the inclusion of Ms. Clark, an out-

sipeless critic of the Israeli government. Mr. Condon also expressed concern that the only was negotiating people who are running against Jewish candidates.

A win by any of the three candidates would be considered a major upset. Ms. Nixon, 42, a three-term state lawmaker, is running against Alex Vardman, a top winner in Mr. Trump's first impeachment trial, who has the sustained her in the Democratic Senate visit.

Ms. Larkin, 34, is challenging Representative David Moskovitz, after Republican state lawmakers endorse the political trend. "We and eliminated Mr. Moskovitz's district. Mr. Manley, 27, is one of several candidates running against Representative Dettie Wasserman Schultz, a former Democratic National Committee chairwoman. Her next was also eliminated, and she is now running in a historically Black district.

The four-runners have engaged little of a all, with direct left-wing challenges:

"He 1 think that Broward County Democrats are moving toward embracing the fringe left." Ms. Wasserman Schultz asked The South Florida Sun Sentinel "No, firstly no."

Ms. Larkin has been a Democratic socialist since 2020. Ms. Nixon joined the Democratic Socialism of America this year. During the four demagogues that affiliated, Mr. Manley is not a member of the organization but campaigns with it and said he identifies as a democratic socialist.

That any terms of progression are active in Florida might warrant even more Floridaans. Since said, Mrs. Gori Ben DeShane, a Republican, turned the state into a laboratory for right-wing policy that was at the forefront of the national culture wars.

But during that time, Florida

A rally for progressive candidates in Fort Lauderdale, Fla., on Friday 10-mins may hand it socialist in difficult to South Florida, which has been dropped by the problem of anti-Communism? (photo editor)

has also gotten more expensive. Weather people have moved to the state, driving up home prices and pushing out working age remonstrends can no longer afford the cost of living, especially in big cities like the Atlanta and Indiana.

"We are not a conservative man," Roshe Pinedi, the vice chairman of the City Council in St. Petersburg, Fla., said at the rally in 2021, he became the first deno-

cratic socialist elected to office in what appeared to be more than a century. "We are not a right-wing force," he said. "We are a working class more."

Since Mr. Trump first won Florida in 2020, the state has declared Republican to many offices which also approving Jewish leader measures removing bitter voting rights, raising the measures to get and regulating medical marijuana.

These outcomes have led Florida's段时间 to believe that threat policies can win favor even if their party's brand has struggled.

But to run in any kind of socialist is especially difficult in Florida. Florida, where has the Senate on the public of China under who has the attack's 2018 Communist revolution, Oliver Larkin American synonymous, including from Columbia, Venezuela and Nicaragua,

also settled in the area after fleeing left-wing government or violence.

Progressives say they have been forced by the two-runners left-wing and progressive candidates across the country, including Mayor Edmund Mandarin of New York and democratic socialists. The have written these movements. And they have tried to make a Florida-specific argument, pointing to a progressive candidate for governor who came close to winning in 2016, during Mr. Trump's first uniform.

Constitutes'Democracy in Florida have either been a major or a major, most common, countering that a more modern candidate could have defeated Mr. DeShane in 2019.

The示范Active was created to follow the central line and failed to recognize the state's most powerful status. The party front-runners this year have that trend in the United States, including its Army lieutenant colonel, in the Senate race, and David Judd, a former Republican congressman, in the province's race.

"I am all from Republican," Mr. Judd recently told MS. NOW. "I spent five years as an independent.

Progressives argue they have invested in both organizing and social media in a way that their more moderate counterparts have not. Two social media creams are announced for Ms. Nixon in the production of the 2019 county city of Vietnam in utilizing best on Friday after news.

The first government had the dens of these who did, only our mentioned Mr. Vardman, a few others said they know of Ms. Nixon.

Lorraine Stutz, 35, said she was a member of the state's first law would not say for whom. She said that no other campaign had knocked on her door yet this cycle. "You're the first," she told the customers.

A pro-based mayor PAU has spent millions to add Indiana Hernandez, left, a moderate Democrat, who is running against Aiden, Walash, the four Afghan Americans to serve in California. (Photo/Shanate)

AIPAC targets to Progressive in California

By LAUREL ROSENBERG

The sleepy suburbs east of San Francisco have suddenly become the latest underground in the eleventh night over the future of the state.

Super PAC's, including two with two in the American Israel Public Affairs Committee, have flooded the region with millions of people in the advertising. About 8 a special election on Tuesday at determine who will replace Eric Smolowd in Congress for the next few months.

In California's 16th congress, the state's PAC's "Radiation progressive Democratic state senator, a having all against ребенка Hernandez, a moderate Democrat who strives in the first nine days of Justice Week," the two Democrats are trying to fill out the remainder of Mr. Smolowd's room after he resigned abruptly to April until 18/quarter of virtual new election. The PAC's "Radiation" the area governor.

Ms. Walsh seemed to be the first to make a party for example from the State primary with 43 percent of the who camped on 17 percent for Mr. Hernandez.

But the sudden influx of cash, the state's PAC's "Radiation" from another super PAC created to counter the people has turned the race into an unexpected Israel between the establishment and population. The state's PAC's "Radiation Party" is some just two words after Abdul El-Sheed, a progressive Democrat, narrowly won the State primary in Michigan in the first 4 of the PAC's support for his moderate-sponsored.

Neither Ms. Walsh nor Ms. Hernandez has made Middle East politics in front of their campaign. The state's PAC's "Radiation" has found Second binding off 62.9 million in missile from outside groups, much of it coming from the United Democracy Project. The state's PAC's "Radiation" also spent over $825,000 supported by Ms. Hernandez.

Ms. Walsh, 36, is the first Afghan American and Muslim nation in the California State line. During a candidate forum in April, Ms. Walsh said "yes" when a moderate asked if she consid-

ered "what is happening to the Palestinian people a genocide."

Ms. Hernandez, 35, responded by saying that she believed Israel had the right to defend itself after the intervention of the PAC. "I am 'theworst' she said," the destruction in time later gave two for."

Like the candidates, the super PAC's have not focused on Israel's input advertising.

Instead, was an funded by the AIPAC super PAC account Ms. Walsh of watering down legislation that caught in office private tax against child sex producers Ms. Walsh requested that she had helped make it "Might find a felony to traffic or solicit minors."

Smalwell's House seat is up for grabs in a special election, and Israel looms large.

Another super PAC called Babil America, which has received some funding from AIPAC's group, has spent 22.4 million supporting Ms. Hernandez and upcoming Ms. Walsh.

Aimless, serious, a spokesman for AIPAC's super PAC, did not return a call working customer.

American Priorities, a super PAC created to counter pro-Israel's 2019 state law, are also supporting Ms. Walsh. "Don't be the Republican AIPAC law," says an ad from the group, which has included the wing-critical threat to the state's 2019 state law in New York. Ms. Walsh has also received support from 2 Brown Action Fund, (a liberal Jewish organization).

Other law because such a pro-latitude gain in Democratic policies that drawing attention to its operating in the race could help Ms. Walsh in her heavily Democratic district in Northern California, and "Anch Franchiou" a Democratic political consultant in the East Bay who is not involved

with other candidate.

"I definitely think that those attacks could have been," he said.

In total, groups have spent $4.9 million on television and digital advertising in the category in Saturday's special election, according to the ad (including first addresses). Evidences had been spent on insurers, non-memorials and phone calls, ranging in finance like a storm show.

The two candidates did not return—all working interviews.

Both candidates have their compliance with the Federal Election Commission. Ms. Walsh has asked regulators to investigate a cash-of-cost media posts that she claimed made false statements about her and may have been spread by fake hot accounts. Ms. Hernandez alleged that Ms. Walsh "miserically" transfer or money from her state-level campaign account through a county Democratic committee to hide corporate dissatisfaction.

Ms. Walsh was concerned by the California Democratic Party and has topped from several labor unions and the Revolution, the left-wing group founded by Senator Bernice Sanders. The group was which Ms. Sanders is no longer involved, said 4 pheasants to bar an across the East Bay that past weekend to support Ms. Walsh. "I am the leader, a former mayor of Dallas, Calif., was endorsed by several players in the district and by the Democratic campaign areas of the Congressional Hispanic Caucus and the Congressional Women's Caucus."

Both candidates have emphasized a desire to work in Washington on lowering costs for Americans. Ms. Walsh has also shown that "real-practitioners were" that cost but dollars and direct up-tolerance prices. Ms. Hernandez has said she would prioritize small allowances and pledged to bring "Social کروillas" to Washington.

The winner of Sunday's election will serve the remainder of Ms. Smolowd's term, which results in January Ms. Walsh and Ms. Hernandez will face off again in November for the two-year term that begins that state month.

Why Did Polls Struggle to Measure The True Struggle for the West?

Progressives had high hopes of dominant victories in european primaries in Michigan and Wisconsin, but in the mid-lines candidates both much worse than

the expected. The results would have been a lot less disappointing if the pro-election polls hadn't been so far off.

The polls helped set out new thanks for the expectations for the primaries. Dr. Abdul El-Sheed was a beautiful double-sighty in the Senate primary in Michigan, and Pasconia a filing led by more than 20 points in the Wisconsin power line's primary.

Dr. El-Sheed admirably won his one percentage point. Mr. Hong, lost.

Primary elections have always been hard for publicity. They've uncertain and volatile. For most a few, and some problems are not, switch on a date. This is very different from a general election, when pro-election polls are to support based on whether a candidate is "D" or "B."

Even so, it's pretty unusual for polls to badly overestimate the many problems that result from events. It's fair to wonder whether the errors history a deeper problem with measuring the strength of multivariable against the problem.

Although it's hard to say based on just two sure, it's possible they do.

Give the Polls a Place in Wisconsin

The polls missed by a lot more in Wisconsin than Michigan, but politics's desire to pass in the state where they did the worst.

Wisconsin was a classic example of why primaries are so hard to poll. Progressive Democrats quickly consolidated United City filing, a democratic socialist. The party's establishment struggled to put forward a candidate at all. Over the third month in over the year, three consolidated the candidates dropped out. Secondly enough, the included the eventual winner, David Crowley, who re-entered and vested up winning candidates.

With progressive studies and moderate voters divided and bewildered, Ms. Hong had an enormous hard in the polls — after the poll, the candidate paid for a major polling error. It must state where were in a candidate. Michael Mc Crowley, a relatively unknown candidate who never thickened the last month, was standing, the race could quickly tighten. In the mid-1920's results, what happened? Mr. Crowley's

NEWSLETTER: THE TILT

State Cites, The Times's chief political analyst, makes sense of the latest political data. What is it? (eplions.com/novist/office)

support surged as moderate-violence of federal tax candidates.

About all of the polling error was because the polls made extranasal the Crowley's support. The polls did slightly overestimate Ms. Hong — she won 39 percent of the vote, while the polls showed her at 44 percent of average — and this was suggest a deeper kind of error. But it's equally possible that she lost support down the stretch as the candidate was not. The candidate was dominated by more highlight-up her general election where a billion, like her apparent opposition to Thanksgiving and Hallow.

Michigan Raises More

Serious Questions

The problem is in the Michigan

and could have a more vicious.

Dr. El-Sheed and Shayy

Interest, the establishment's hardest candidate, made up a clear way over. They offered an obvious, contrast and improved plenty of national media alternatives. Four of millions of dollars were spent on their efforts, and others had every opportunity to move the candidates and the stakes. Neither candidate had major authority in the final week of the campaign. It's hard to believe many voters changed their minds.

Nonetheless, the polls badly overestimate Dr. El-Sheed. What happened? Other explanations are never trending than others.

One relatively innocuous one would be 2 pollsters were wrong. The candidate was the first to see the Shayhe they re-estimated the interest among young voters he initiated, who over-election only backed Dr. El-Sheed.

That is the point of the final American College poll, a rare unique issue, and of the race, reported a lot of thought. Many electorate than in other recent primaries in Michigan. There are other plausible challenges in handling current, like the position of the Republican-bonding voters — who presumably would have to poll Mr. Stevenson turned out in an open primary.

It turned over the problem. The poll was not a good one. The next few poll, Even if they couldn't, it's far from guaranteed they could set in the same way in their races. It's even possible that the poll was not a good one. The results have made the same mistake, as each pollster has a different approach for estimating the likely electorate.

The primary problem would be something called "severe-sponsor loss," in which one could have to sign down a certain likely. It is like a poll that offers. This in the same type of problem is that's plagued by going about President Trump, where supporters appear much less likely

to respond to everyone. In Michigan, nonresponse bias could have been responsible for the polling error if Dr. El-Sheed's supporters were more likely to respond to surveys than those who backed Ms. Stevens.

Is Nonresponse Not a to Blame? It's really hard to prove whether nonresponse has to an issue, but it's plausible to think it could become a problem in Democratic politics. The poll was not a good one. The data must be taken before among highly educated and highly recognized voters, who need to be likeliest to respond to political questions. The poll was not a good one. The poll was not a good one. The poll was not a good one. The poll was not a good one. The poll was not a good one. The poll was not a good one. The poll was not a good one. The poll was not a good one. The poll was not a good one. The poll was not a good one. The poll was not a good one. The poll was not a good one. The poll was not a good one.

Where, pollsters increasingly only on medicine that might not ascertain the problem, such as the university, people who sign up the poll, are not a good one. The paper is slick as a vast message that is a poll. In our own report, the poll was not a good one. The results do most highly educated and politically engaged voters. These techniques might be likely to be made in the past.

The poll was not a good one. The final American College poll, a rare unique issue, and of the race, reported a lot of thought. Many electorate than in other recent primaries in Michigan. There are other plausible challenges in handling current, like the position of the Republican-bonding voters — who presumably would have to poll Mr. Stevenson turned out in an open primary.

It turned over the problem. The poll was not a good one. The public's report is a few of the people, and it's far from guaranteed they could set in the same way in their races. It's even possible that the poll was not a good one. The public's report is a few of the people, and it's far from guaranteed they could set in the same way in their races. It's even possible that the poll was not a good one. The public's report is a few of the people, and it's far from guaranteed they could set in the same way in their races. It's even possible that the poll was not a good one. The public's report is a few of the people, and it's far from guaranteed they could set in the same way in their races. It's even possible that the poll was not a good one.

The poll was not a good one. The public's report is a few of the people, and it's far from guaranteed they could set in the same way in their races. It's even possible that the poll was not a good one. The public's report is a few of the people, and it's far from guaranteed they could set in the same way in their races. It's even possible that the poll was not a good one.

The poll was not a good one. The public's report is a few of the people, and it's far from guaranteed they could set in the same way in their races. It's even possible that the poll was not a good one.

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»

A11

A Post-Pandemic Supreme Court Finds It Has Much More to Say

The Aftershocks of Stoggap Measures Have Unsettled Its Public Ceremony

From Page A2

Both developments appear to have prompted lasting consequences.

The length of arguments shot up Justice Clarence Thomas, who once went a decade without asking a question, became a regular participant. Justice Richard Brown Jackson, who joined the court in 2022, quickly became the most talkative member of the court in doing memory. Instead the same time, Chief Justice John G. Roberts, R. grow lachtern, reading Justice Thomas as the least reliable member of the court.

A comprehensive new study assessed many actions of this sea change, gathering information on the roughly 10 million words-entered during 1420 oral arguments from October 2005, put after Chief Justice Roberts joined the court to April 2008, the most recent time that the court heard arguments.

The study, prepared for The New York Times by Lechjemont Washington University in St. Louis and Erie A. Posner of the University of Chicago, revealed momentous changes in a cautious institution. The changes have subjected the court to additional scrutiny, seemed to encourage some justices to talk more and tested the patience of others.

The study examined words in means after things like using justices spoke and for how long — a did not try to assess the effectiveness of arguments or whether recent changes had left to more illuminating women.

Before the pandemic, arguments started on heat. Now they are on average nearly 30 minutes — but that is only on average. In bigger cases, the arguments can seem endless.

The 2024 arguments over presidential immunity and last year's arguments over President Trump's tariffs program both lasted two hours and 40 minutes. Ut mannec dry of the running time of "The Odyssey."

The arguments over the admissions policies of Harvard and the University of North Carolina, argued one after the other on a single Monday in 2022, stretched to almost five hours.

Asked about her strategy for covering that part of arguments, Amy Howe, a reporter for Xoma-Sing, responded: "No liquids after it are."

At a judicial conference in May, Chief Justice Roberts said he believed arguments have gotten "too long." Addressing the problem, he said, was on the justices' to do list.

"I think we'll have to look at it over the summer," he said. The court, which will return to the bench in October, so far has not announced any changes.

Cooking Up a Solution

Early in the court's history, there were no time limits. The 1800 argument in McCulloch v. May found, which upheld the solution of a national issue, lasted nine days.

Since time the trend had been toward another arguments.

In 1848, the court signed argument on the 1800 argument for a total of four hours. Then, in 1923, the court set back a half, in 1954, a again cut argument time in half.

"But 10 minutes time limit for each one was taken seriously, particularly by Chief Justice William H. McKnight, who left the court from 1946 to 2005. He would

identify the following: contributed reporting.

cut lawyers off in the middle of a sentence when they had used up their allotted time.

When Chief Justice Roberts took over, he was slightly more forgiving. But the basic format was unchanged until his pandemic. The typical argument was an steady but productive conclusion, with justices appearing the lawyers with questions and often interrupting their answers and one another.

That changed in the spring of 2020. Unlike to meet in person, the court cooked up a 20th-century solution to a 21st-century problem: they would hear arguments by telephone.

That incident, in which the justices and lawyers could hear but not one each other, did not allow for the dynamic five-for-all that had "characterized arguments since at least the current of Justice Antonio Scalo in 1966. Instead, justices asked questions one at a time, in order of minority. It was both civilized and hard."

Jeffrey Fisher, a law professor at Stanford who argued 40 cases over the years covered by the study, including four by phone, called those arguments "superbrutalizing."

"It was just like all these little isolated free-range segments that are not very productive," he said. "I just thought it was a totally different approach."

Still, with a designated turn to speak, Justice Thomas for the first time became a full participant.

He had fastened spokes very early before the pandemic, and the questions or making comments is only on arguments from October 2005. In all, Justice Thomas spoke a total of 420 words, 1000 words, and then the average justice spoke in a single case, the study showed.

But during the pandemic, Justice Thomas spoke at least briefly during all 40 cases heard by phone.

Back in the Courtroom

With the court's return to the bench in 2022, the justices reported that some of the lawsuits questioning — adding it to the old five-for-all, Lawyers said they welcomed having more time to make their cases.

"We actually get to finish our answers to a justice's questions more often, rather than being interrupted and answer by a different justice," said Sarah Barrington, a lawyer with Covington & Burling who has argued before the court as all those formats.

Professor Fisher said both the public and the court gained from the new argument.

"It's a great combination of letting the collective free-for-all happen, so that they can talk with each other and inspire try and deny comparison. And that one other or work with each other," he said of the justices.

At the same time, he added, the justices can be confident that their questions are not only one, but also two—swound in the one at a time—regarding "nothing can bring back and let that first part take a little more shape."

The law professor figures said there may be trade-offs.

"There could be benefits," she said. "For example, more deliberative might lead to higher quality updates that obligate costs are possible too. Perhaps longer arguments remain some of the justices, especially the quarter ones."

Indeed, as a judicial conference in May, Justice Charles A. Kite Jr. complained that arguments "can

Even Justice Clarence Thomas, who once went a decade without asking a question, became a regular participant in oral arguments.

Justice Jackson Tends to Speak

Average number of words each justice spoke

go-on and on, and on, and on," long past the point "where they are contributing to the decision-making process. Surrounding reported. I'm afraid that there is "too much speedifying," and "too little asking oral questions."

Lawyers, who are ostensibly doing the ongoing, spoke just 42 percent of the time in the years covered by the study, and justice's the rest of the time. That ratio stayed relatively stable over time,

even an arguments grow longer. "The split is rolling, therefore Fisher said. "It's such a wonderful, easy way to explain to somebody what oral argument really is," he said. "It's almost as much a meeting among the justices as it is a lawyer proominance."

Justice Elissa Kaplan, in remarks at Harvard in 2010, explained that oral arguments amount to justice's "during an each other — with some helpless

person standing at the problem who never talking through."

In the new hybrid argument format, the justices seem to have agreed that Justice Thomas would call the first questions of every lawyer, and he nearly always does. Still, his share of the justices' speaking time has been drifting down and there are also the exact two justices, and, first, the third, found, landing at three percent in the town that ended in June. He is speaking much more than before the pandemic — but remains the least talkative justice.

The Most Visual Justice

Justice Jackson, on the other hand, has emerged as by far the most talkative justice, stressing an average of 1,240 words per case, more than double the justices' average. According to the study, the speaks' to justice are the words of taxed by the justices.

Over the past 21 terms, the closest any member of the court got in Justice Jackson's imposition was Justice Stephen G. Brown, who was famous for unspending attention in production of questions featuring flights of fancy like merchandise goes (in a one about 1000 people's others) and to make children (in a case about a federal drug law).

Still, Justice Brown, who retired in 2012 and was replaced by Justice Jackson, his former late cholesterol an average of 810 words, or roughly two-thirds as many as Justice Jackson spoke. The causeway to Justice Jackson in the last years since the joined the court — and in the next 40 years, it is a justices' basis. In 1950, the 1800-2000-2000-2000-2000-2000-2000-2000-2000-2000-2000-2000-2000-2000-2000-2000-2000-2000-2000-2000-2000-2000-2000-2000-2000-2

His colleagues treated Justice Jackson as justices as justices, and with bestowed tolerance. Justice Jackson's extended questioning, by contrast, has been a source of uncertainty in some of the other justices. The New York Times reported last October. The installation of filters before each justice to tally their speaking time has not seemed to have had a significant impact.

There are at least three explanations for Justice Jackson's talkativeness.

One of the 10 new a-oral judges for most of the judicial juries can be speaking style may simply be

habit. "There's no clerk in district court, and there's only one judge, and also could examine the acting as the wanted," said William Jay, a lawyer with husband's freezer who has argued frequently before the court and said the justice was a good question.

A second reason in that Justice Jackson, understanding, she will be under being red in many cases as a court where conservatives had a supermajority, may "revise questioning in an opportunity to reach beyond the courtroom and communicate with the public directly through the free-for-trated arguments."

A third reason is that Justice Jackson is the junior member of the court, which gives her an incentive to press her points during arguments.

When the justices meet in private to discuss cases after arguments, they speak and cast tentative votes in order of majority.

The reason that by the time of Justice Jackson's first to give her votes, the outcome is generally already clear. If she is to have a meaningfulness, her opportunity to see whether points during the arguments?

Still, if this were the explanation, it would be reasonable to find that all junior justices dominate oral arguments during their first terms on the bench. In fact, Justice Jackson's speaking letter to her first three terms was about double that of the other national justices in their own first three terms.

"Those other justices mostly spoke close to the average number of words in their early years. The authors were Justice Ailes, whose share was half the average, said Justice Sierman Jr., who spoke more than others but still far less than Justice Jackson.

A striking finding of the study is that Chief Justice Roberts, who used to speak an average answer, has become almost as tacitest as Justice Thomas. Over the past four terms, his share of the time the justices spoke was only six percent.

The study attributed most of the drop to what it called a steam effect. "The longer justices serve," the study found, "the less likely they are to participate in arguments."

Justices Again Deny Trump In $5 Million Carroll Case

By ANN E. MARSHON

WASHINGTON — The Supreme Court for a second time refused a request by President Trump to review a $5 million civil judgment against him after a jury found in 2023 that he had sexually abused and defamed the writer E. Joan Carroll.

The announcement on Monday did not include the justices' reasons, which is typical when the court issues residue orders. There were no about that.

Mr. Trump paid Ms. Carroll in July, a few days after the court initially turned away the president's people. He also made a long shot request to the justices that they reconsider, which the court formally declared on Monday.

The president has separately asked the Supreme Court to review a case of the jury, which of 883.1 million that a jury ordered him to pay in 2024 for the money.

Abbie VanSickle contributed reporting.

Ms. Carroll in 2005, after she accused him of a decades-old type. The justices are on summer recess and not expected to consider whether to take up that case until last September as the earliest.

The request for justices dispatched on Monday was always a long shot, since they rarely reconsider when asked. Still, it was another in a series of times in the president's efforts to contain Ms. Carroll's claims and avoid the two separate monetary awards that juries have ordered him to pay return to Ms. Carroll's allegations.

In a statement, Mr. Trump's legal team said: "The American people stand with President Trump as they demand an immediate end to all of the witch hours, including the Brown-Ashland University of the Carroll district. President Trump will keep winning against liberal justice, as he continues to front on the income to make America good again."

Ms. Carroll's lawyer Roberta Kaplan said in a statement: "We

are pleased that the United States Supreme Court has declared again to hear this case. As a result, the jury's unanimous verdict that Donald Trump sexually assaulted and then defamed E. Joan Carroll

is now final and cannot be challenged in any court."

The $5 million matter comes from a trial held in May 2023, when a federal jury in New York found the president liable for son-

sally abusing and defaming Ms. Carroll.

The jury agreed that Ms. Carroll, a former magazine writer, had sufficiently shown that Mr. Trump sexually abused her in a

The writer E. Joan Carroll, with her lawyer Roberta Kaplan, received a $5 million civil judgment over sexual abuse and dishonestness. President

Trump is also seeking to overturn an 883.3 million sexual

drowning room of the Bergdorf-Cowkman department store where the two crossed parks in the 200th's reflect, as well as the 1st Mt. Trump had defamed Ms. Carroll by posting a statement in social media calling her case "a complete cut-off and 'a blood and a test." Throughout, Mr. Trump denied Ms. Carroll's allegations.

After that verdict, Mr. Trump appealed in the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit, asserting, among other things, that the trial judge, Level A. Kaplan, erred for defacing certain evidence to be shown to the jury.

In December 2020, a three-judge appeals court panel upheld the jury's verdict, finding that Mr. Trump had not shown that the evidence had harmed his rights to a fair trial.

Mr. Trump then asked the justices to weigh in and find that the trial court had erred.

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A12

THE NEW YORK TIMES: NATIONAL TUESDAY, AUGUST 18, 2020

Stella Tan-Torres and Zachary Ludescher had ice cream out on Sundar during four hours of two babysitting from New York City.

Mandani Gave Parents A Break From Parenting: Here's How They Used It

For 4 Hours, 'the World Is Our Oyster'

By KINSA G. FITZGERMONS

Stella Tan-Torres and her husband needed a break.

The couple had been running on fumes on Sunday after their youngest son, Lois, had been up for much of the night.

Now they sat in a booth at Ample 800 Cemetery in Brooklyn, digging into petechia and bulge to create and enjoying a rare deer courtesy of a new city program.

For one evening, the city served as a babysitter for about 200 families who had signed up for Peasant Night Out, a few offering people up the spot at Mayor Zohran Mandani's efforts to make life a little easier for parents.

While Lois and their other son were at home with a friend of their parents, the couples two daughters played at a recreation center in Brooklyn, supervised by Purin Department staff.

'To both like the world is our oyster,' Mr. Tan-Torres said.

Raising children in New York City is expensive, and a babysitter can easily cost $30 per hour. Mr. Mandani compared to helping families afford to stay in the city, including by expanding free day care, which he has viewed to eventually offer to all children under 5.

The two babysitting on Sunday was available early from 4:30 to 5:00 p.m. for children age 5 to 11 and served a small fraction of New York families (about 100 families registered, and many already married). The first time the year is described it as a symbol of a broader effort.

'Making New York City more affordable isn't just about investing costs, it's about giving people back their time,' he said in a statement.

Hoops and Microscopes

In the gymnasium at Harley-Charles Borovskine Center in Brooklyn, children were divided into

N'Keys Peters-Camille and her husband, Pedro De Camillo, enjoyed some rare one-on-one time over jalapados prepare and drink.

groups by age and dispatched to a schedule of activities.

Some children played basketball, and some proved into microscopes with Urban Park Bangers. One girl sat reading quietly. Another tried to do a handstand against the wall. Lundescher's son Panora Broad were surred for dinner.

Inside the arts and crafts room, Mr. Tan-Torres's daughter, Paul C. said she was making a friendship bracelet for her sister. Late, it, at she searched through the beads for a letter.

Similar programs took place at recreation centers in each borough. Dinner cost about $6,000 and was paid for by private spon-

sors, the city said. The other costs will come from the Purin Department budget.

The department said it was not having feedback on the program and would consider whether to drive it again.

Choices, Dinner and a Nay

N'Keys Peters-Camille made the move of her evening off.

She snortened, erased clothes and had a dinner date with her husband, Pedro De Camillo, at the Lumevine Club, a restaurant at Windsor Terrace that they had been wanting to try. On the drive home, she took a nap.

The couple's 9-year-old son was

at the recreation center, and their 2-year-old daughter was with her grandmother. Mr. Peters-Camille is a social worker, and her husband is a financial analyst at a community development organization. This was their first widow, Joison, just the two of them, 16 years.

'No distractions,' Mr. Camille said.

'Just focus on each other,' Mr. Peters-Camille said.

She added that she felt good about the children's programming. 'That's what makes it so special. There are structures activities, and he's not as an iPad the whole time.'

At the ice cream shop, Mr. Tan-

Torres said her husband, Zachary Ludescher, made an agreement. 'We can't just talk about the facts.'

The conversation started to take care and how Mr. Ludescher 'needs to take better care of himself.' 'Dinner and his own person is talk without being interrupted. He is a filmmaker, and she is a young instructor at the Cooper Union. Having four young children keeps her home.'

'It's incredible that this is available,' Mr. Tan-Torres said of Patient Night Out. 'It makes us feel like it's actually possible to have a big family in New York City.'

Then she went home to fold family, and he made a run to the grocery store.

At 92, Nader Is Still Trying To Get You to Pay Attention

From Page A2

capsuleers what it means to be Ralph Nader, as he pushes an arcane snow only to be driven a day when he is ignored.

He's read Mr. Mandani. He's beyond regulatory and journalism. And he's tried to get union of Nader on this side, all with little to no luck.

'Who wouldn't be frustrated?' he said in a phone interview. 'The worst thing anybody can express once as a citizen advocate is not getting through.'

Continuously at 90, Mr. Nader typically means talking to have on his landline. He does not own a cellphone, a computer or even a cycle card.

For a man who still hosts a weekly radio show and is to firmly unmatched in the affairs of the day, Mr. Nader has turned into a hard- to reclaim. He declared to be photographed for that story or to be interviewed in person.

He lives an almost hermetically soaked Mar. in Washington, D.C., where he shares a house with his 95-year-old sister, Claire Nader. Fearful of contracting Covid-19 or some other malady that might imperil his college or him, Mr. Nader rarely knows the house except his walks around the neighborhood. He and Claire took meals together, often from a recipe book that they another wrote.

They spent most of their time working and discussing current events, and Laura Nader, three 95-year-old sister, who lives in Berkeley, Calif., and retired from teaching at the University of California, Berkeley, only roughly five years ago.

The parents thought that they were living in a free country and we ought to participate in a shopping on 'Laura Nader said. 'That's why we are like way.' She added that she had spoken to her brother that week about herself's actions in Gaza and how she believes they constitute a genocide.

Tall, large and, personally, about 1,000 members, Mr. Nader has spent decades battling large corporations, pushing for laws requiring seatbelts in cars, and running and losing for pressmen one ounce. Even at the age, he remains as relentless and—some would say—as disparate as ever.

He instituted various inspired by President of society, and in New York it inspired the creation of several government watchdog groups, including the New York Public Interest Research Group, the New York Public Interest Funded for March 18. Counts to create a Citizens Utility Board to support consumers when utilities

set more. That board was later disbanded by Mr. Counts's successor, Gov. George E. Pickitt.

After the publication of his assistant book about the dangers of automobiles, 'Cenals at day Speed,' Mr. Nader turned his attention to the Federal Trade Commission. With the help of seven law students, who became known as 'Nader's Raiders,' they discovered profound weaknesses in the agency, which was later reformed by President Richard M. Nixon.

One of these Nader's Raiders, Edward F. Cox, who graduated from Princeton University roughly a decade after Mr. Nader had, recalled driving through the streets of Washington at 4 a.m. in 1965 with Mr. Nader as a Volkswagen. There would be a news conference that day and Mr. Nader wanted to distribute their thick report to journalists so they had time to study the findings in advance, Mr. Cox said.

A few years later, Mr. Cox, the current leader of New York's Republican Party, invited Mr. Nader to his wedding to Mr. Nixon's daughter, Tricia. Despite political differences that would emerge in later years, Mr. Nader attended the White House Rose Garden ceremony and he gave the couple a Blothound chair from the famed Connecticut charmshore near to where he grew up.

Their kinship made sense, Mr. Cox said, in part because as the Vietnam War's 1945-45 many against government, Mr. Nader was working within the system to improve it rather than trying to form it all down.

In that era of radicals, we were conservatives in court and law," Mr. Cox said. 'We were not 5.5-5.7, he added, referring to Students for a Democratic Society, a more uninhabitablement protest group of the era.

'We were impressed by his conservative way of doing things — making things work for the consumer.'

Fights on the behalf of minigovets or against the nationalists in the United States, the law of Nader's life, leading to significant new economic or varied archaised pay, insurance and automobile safety.

Being in being back, New York's stock transfer ran has become the latest crusade. Before the rebate was instituted, the tax had raised 1.25 cents a share on small business. The state tax, with rising per-share fees up to a maximum of 5 cents a share on stocks costing $25 per share or more.

Some officials have said they have been trying to get a new law that is a myriad of this stunty would bring in. Estimates range, but one economist who has studied the is-

Ralph Nader, who seldom knows his honor in Washington, D.C., provided the photo of himself above. He declined to be photographed or interviewed in person. Mr. Nader in 1975, below left, and in Washington on election night in 2000, during one of his four presidential campaigns.

The New York Times

tue calculated that it could bring in between $25 billion and $20 billion for the state.

This has not been enough to change minds, let alone move a lot to pace. Mr. Nader is characteristically unfounded.

State Capitol veterans in New York recall how 40 years ago, Mr. Nader walked up and down the stairs of the 1930s. Legislators Office Building in Albany to budget elected officials and third}uabs.

He wore an eye patch, had a permanent limp and was showing the effects of Bally paltry, a disorder that affects the facial nervous system.

At news conferences, he joined to supervise that the affliction was a benefit to them in one way. He said he could not talk out a fresh video of her search. In the end, Mr. Nader did not get every public change he wanted, but his said others' advocacy resulted in the first comprehensive study of the quality of care in New York hospitals at 90 time.

'He was completely relentless,' said Bill Horner, a longtime day on office New York Public Interest Research Group, an organization. Mr. Nader helped found.

'I'm sure there was no doctor in the world that would have told him, 'Yes, you should run down

the stairs of the Legislative Office Building.'' Mr. Horner recalled with a laugh. 'I assumed they would all tell him that he should be resting, but because this issue was happening when it was, and because he is who he is, there we were.'

Fighting quixotic battles also marked for their presidential campaigns, extending into Mr. Nader's proud of despite some backlash among friends for showing views that may have helped. Al Gore does the President George W. Bush in the 1995 election.

Mr. Nader has no regrets, even if he seldom is his advanced age, the campaign left him at odd-

and on the sate with ideologically aligned political effort.

Third-party candidates are important, he said, because they can infuse new ideas into the political mainstream. He recalled as a student at Proveston aiding Norman Thomas, the six-time Socialist Party candidate for president, his graduate of nonpoliticalism.

'He said, 'The Democratic Party is invading my agenda,' Mr. Nader recalled.

'Now, with President Trump — where Mr. Nader despises and calls a fancier — in power, Mr. Nader still supports third-party candidates, even if they drive votes from a Democratic challenge.'

'Nobody has a right to test anybody not to run for effort,' he said. 'That's the college people that up and don't use your free-speech rights. So you forever turn me say about anybody, don't run for office. I'll oppose you, but I'll never tell you not to run.'

Those who know Mr. Nader, well or casually, know of another reason about him.

'You can vote Trump out of your life, but you can't vote Ralph out of your life so long, as he says, 'as well,' said Mark Green, a former public advocate of New York City, which has known Mr. Nader for almost 40 years.

'You can vote Trump, where Judge last year hit 10 home runs,' Ralph would say. 'Yeah, but it wasn't 62,' Mr. Green added. 'Mr. Nader's favorite player of all time is Lee Gehrke, the Trades-Rosoveller hit record, since leaders, of consecutive games played.'

This pretrialization and permission is a standing feature in the United States. It is expensive, which The Washington Post described advisely as 'complementary but lightly scalding, a useful pitch, or upscale a critique.' They come in Barriers by phone and sit too by email from Mr. Poon, his assistant, with the subject line: 'From Ralph Nader.'

He can message to a reporter, Mr. Nader, who said, 'his bench bench hasn't been in the publisher of The New York Times — all hope of having a couple of episodes, Mr. Nader, who noted that he had been trying to get ahold of the reporter since he was a student at Harvard working on The Chinese, the role and newspaper, and only gotten through to him there.'

And in a voice-mathemograph, Mr. Nader with this reporter, Mr. Nader observed that the State Legislature was weighed at a meeting in New York's budget. In now was time to write about this stock transfer ban. Mr. Nader then hired several of that reporters, cast together with each give their initial before concluding with a line from Greek philosophy.

'Remember. Actually, courage is the fundamental virtue that makes our people feel confident, he wrote, 'He said it a long time ago and it's still true.' Thank you, Hope you're well.'

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THE NEW YORK TIMES NATIONAL TUESDAY, AUGUST 30, 2020

»

A21

Gang Wars in Focus as the Shakur Murder Trial Begins After 30 Years

From Page A21

years ago with one count of murder with one of a deadly weapon, a criminal case, of the same kind, a long-walled investigation. It convinced, he faces a maximum sentence of life in prison.

The killing of Mr. Shakur was a serious trauma for lay-boy, coking the genre of one of its most popular and ecstatic artists of the 1980s.

Mr. Shakur was shot four times and shot in a hospital four that a week later. The son of Black Flee (her parents, he was a preaching arts student and a hip-hop backup director from his role career) took off a show at 1978. He would come one of the most prominent rapper's of all time.

But that vast inflation in American pop culture was usually over-dispersed. He was able to play a certain role presented by Mr. Fiala, who remained in the courtroom a sense of magnified slight and unimportant. The incident with the murder of Mr. Shukar was a leading of Mr. Davis's nephew at a Las Vegas estate. Mr. Fiala said.

Mr. Davis obtained a firearm

Los Cosmetics, American director and Mark Linderman contributed reporting.

Duane Keith Davis in a Las Vegas courtroom Monday. He is accused of providing the gun used in Tupac. Mr. Davis 1996a killing.

and sought revenge for that hunt up. Mr. Fiala told jurors, leading to the shooting of Mr. Shakur and the Las Vegas field.

The case is built largely on Mr. Davis's memoir and interviews that he gave, as well as questioning for underwent by various law

undocument agencies that for years were kept secret as part of an arrangement with the government. Mr. Fiala placed examples from Mr. Davis's questioning and interviews during his opening statements.

Mr. Davis, who once described

The prosecutor cites a bid for revenge for a nephew's beating.

himself as a member of the Cops, the gang with Los Angeles origins, is not accused of killing Mr. Shakur, but of providing the gun that was used in the drive-by shooting.

In court on Monday, Mr. Davis's lawyers, Michael Kark, said two much less bad-dispers for sentences about the killing to be accused. He also described his object, who gave by the substance knife 21, as inevitable with the facts, at one point calling him "bid-it-crap." To underline the point, he put the word "shakur" as a means of killing the murderer, but the client "was known" for it.

"The riots cannot prove to you beyond a reasonable doubt the claim that faith had anything to be done, and knowing that faith was not of a deadly weapon," he said.

In interviews and the memoir, Mr. Davis offered the road map that helped prosecutors build their names. Mr. Davis said that such aight of fear, 1, 1994, he and others had at most themselves

and waited in a night-hit parking lot after up straight between Mike Tyron and Bruce Selden in Las Vegas.

Mr. Davis described the gang in the front passenger seat of a white Cadillac and said he had hoped to confront Mr. Shakur and Marvin Knight, a rap singer known as "dog," who were both associated with the Bloods, the rival gang in the Cops.

"I'm one of the only living eyewitnesses in Tupac's killing," Mr. Davis wrote in his 2019 book, "Congress Street Legend" which was co-written by Vimal Jain, an author of other books of gang life.

The book says that "theoretical started when Mr. Davis was the Shakur reach down for what he thought was a gun.

"One of my guys from the back seat grabbed the Glack and started toache back," the book says.

Parts of the book were read about in 1933 to the grand jury that ultimately indicted Mr. Davis.

At times, Mr. Davis's memoir "is remarkably ironic and ironic that can be done the shooting, the must of the Cadillac and walked in their hand, picking up the car the next day and taking it back to California. It was created and printed before it was returned to a rental agency. Here later, at which point it was

You later for any necessary to be accurate and reliable," he said.

Soon after Mr. Shakur's death, more than 20 people were at the time of the crime. After the shooting, But as charges were filed The death six months later of the Norcross-B-15, Mr. Shakur's trench turned over, locked out payers' throes as the investigation stalled.

The billings quarrelously, podcasters, TV series and films, further derailing Mr. Shakur, who was known for albums such as "We Against the World," as which he argued about a life important by columns, is terrible status in big-bigs.

After opening statements on Monday, the first witness called "the prosecutors was Gary's Man, a police officer in Las Vegas on bike patrol the night of the shooting. He said he stopped a black MMW for batting as back to crime plate and that Mr. Shakur was unable. The inmates later, Mr. Dale verified, he saw Mr. Shakur being pulled out of the car with a bid for wounds. Mr. Dale said he took with Mr. Shakur in an ambulance to a hospital, asking the capter who had shot him.

"No, we'll take care of it," Mr. Dale quoted Mr. Shakur as saying. "I couldn't get him to talk any further."

Connecticut City to Pay $30.6 Million to 2 Men Over Murder Convictions

By MAREN CRANKER

The city of New Haven, Conn., agreed last week that it would pay $30.6 million to settle federal lawsuits filed by two men who were wrongfully convicted of murder more than 20 years ago.

In the early morning on Sat. 13, 1999, Vernon Horn and a young woman stopped by a dol, and if he a customer had been fatally shot, she back and the store owned and from that at the office. Three masked men had escaped into the shop, spread fire, and then nine more than 2,100 hours during.

Mr. Horn, then 17, had been with the young woman at the home of a

The police failed to turn over 137 pages of records to prosecutors.

friend, Marquis Jackson. 19. The two young men had gone to a club system that night, before Mr. Jackson left to one another woman.

But the police set their night on Mr. Horn and Mr. Jackson after the final detective in the case for some ominous of their gold in order to convey that pro-panitism usually return to the scene of a crime.

They were both convicted of killing 20-year-old Caprice Hardy and 1,000 were sentenced to 74 years in prison and Mr. Jackson is 45 years. But they were freed in 2018 after federal police defended a nonconsigned the case and Kirsten Noyes contributed re-

found that New Haven police officers had withheld crucial for Mr. Horn.

Each man will get $35.25 million as part of the federal lawsuit settlement with New Haven. Mr. Horn had already received $4.5 million from the state for the wrongful conviction. Mr. Jackson had received $5.5 million.

"It's bittersweet," said Mr. Horn, now 45. "I'm so afraid I'm grateful I'm happy it's very."

Mr. Harris lambdell up to the del. was shot him in a respect, and Mr. Jackson was swept into the investigation simply because he had been hanging out with him. No two men's lawyers said in their federal complaints.

"Bad luck and terrible policing then turned into some seriously disturbing policing," said Harry Murrell, one of Mr. Harris lawyers. One judge said the police re-

gaged in strikes that kept away from hearing evidence that would have given them serious doubts about the case. Most notably, they failed to hand over to prosecutors 137 pages of records, including those from a phone stolen from the old that night that showed calls between the actual subjects and members of a Bridgeport gang they were part of a detective kept the records in the business of the house for 27 years, providing them only after an investigator working for one of Mr. Harris lawyers asked about them.

Investigators told one witness that the federal investigation Mr. Horn, the witness could be charged with murder, and they also relied on sometimes strictful causes from people who were on drugs that night or did not get a good look at the gunmen, according to court records.

Hear Mr. Horn and Mr. Jackson

Vernon Horn, left, who was wrongly charged with murdering a woman in a New Haven doll in 1999, now plans to open a hair salon. 15-hittersweet, he said of the settlement he received. Marquis Jackson, who was also convicted, said, "I just want to move on."

were released after the state attorney for New Haven filed a motion to vacate their convictions.

A spokesman for the New Haven Police Department referred questions to Mayor Justin Elckey's office. In a statement announcing the settlement, Mr. Elckey, who was elected in 2019, after Mr. Horn and Mr. Jackson were released, apologized to the men and said "no amount of money can give them back the

years they've lost."

The city, Mr. Elckey said, has "no obligations to do what we think is right, to account for any miscarriage of justice and to provide Mr. Horn and Mr. Jackson with some sense of peace moving forward."

Mr. Jackson, now 47 and the father of two girls, still lives in New Haven, in the same house when the shooting in 1997 left recalled, how the police had kicked down the door to arrest him. After his re-

lease, he bought the house, which he said was dilapidated and under hisσεance, and interested it.

"I'm happy," Mr. Jackson said. "I just want to move on."

Mr. Horn, who remains in Connecticut but is danger from in New Haven, said he planned to open a hair salon and is focused on helping to raise his house old daughter. He was not a jitter for war but a daily reissued from prison in 2016, when a judge agreed he had not

gotten a fair trial.

The later appealed and he was put back in prison in 2016, when his daughter was about 10 months old. Mr. Horn said he did not see his daughter for two years until his release in 2018, and he had become so depressed he went on a longer strike.

"I just didn't want to live any-

ance," he said. "Don't think just because a dollar comes that this 5 mths is gone and I'm loaded."

Stray Voltage Played Role in Deadly Horse Carriage Runaway, Family's Filings Say

By ED MANNANAN

The family of a teenage tourist killed after a carriage borne behind in Central Park asserted in legal filings on Friday that stray electrical car not had contributed to big death.

The claim about the stray voltage's role in the death of the teenager, Romanech Mahajan, was included in four actions of claim filed by his parents against the New York City government and several municipal agencies in a first brand stop toward the filing of lawsuits.

The case, which by the Mahajan family comes as the City Council appears at 30 years a bill that would benefit the carriages from the city in two years. Their decision would be more noticeable in Central Park, where they have been thrown for more than a century and a few years.

Annual night's activities, who out the carriage made a contract and crash to the homes, have long pushed for such a loss, but they have been forced to pay the monthly political support to achieve that goal.

The death of Mr. Mahajan, 8, has given that push significant pressure to the

He was killed in June after the driver of the carriage for and his family were riding in stopped out to take their person. The three-year-old cigarette smoker, who is 40, looked, said Mr. Mahajan's mother fell from the carriage.

He jumped down to help her, hit

An 18-year-old died in June after a fall from a horse-drawn carriage. The death has given momentum to activists' push to ban them.

his head on the ground and managed a fatal injury.

The notices of claim against the city and the Department of Parks and Recreation, Health and Skin for Hygiene, Transportation and Consumer and Worker Protection of Siding to enforce the safety of the cars and industry and the park environment in which it operates.

The notices seek a total of $20 million. They cite a litany of regulatory actions that Mr. Mahajan's

family says the defendants should have taken that could have prevented the death, in matters including the stray voltage, which, they cite "causes, preeminent contributed to and so was a substantial factor of the horse's becoming a threat to the city."

The plaintiffs accuse the city, the agencies and the Edison, the electrical utility, of knowing about the voltage problem and not addressing it.

Jamie McShane, a Cox Edison spokesman, said the night had "shut out every law before it stray voltage on July 10 and July 21."

He added, "the state composed of neither immune originated from Cox Edison as opposed." He referred further questions to the city's Transportation Department, which did not immediately provide a comment.

Nick Pashock, a spokesman for the city's Law Department, called

Mr. Mahajan's death magic. He said the city would review the reports of claim. He declined further comment.

The case, which the stray voltage caused the horse to become agitated and the others was made previously by the European Workers Union Local 101, which represents carriage drivers and owners and is fighting to keep the industry from being eliminated.

"Blue-collar carriage drivers

Claiming an electrical current contributed to a teenager's death in Central Park.

should not be punished for an underseasable amount caused by flaws in the city's power goal." Alexander Kemp, a Local 101 vice president, said in a statement last week.

Mr. Mahajan's parents have been vocal in pushing for a horse carriage ban since their son's death, including an emotional apace in City Council members via the city's law, in the other hand, in India last month during a Health Committee hearing on the bill that would impose the ban.

The bill has no specific support of enough Council members to pass.

It is currently the subject of an environmental review issued to study its economic impact, a corporate program to avoid obtrus-

sion on entire industry. It is unclear where the review

is. A verify for Health Committee would proceed to make after that, with a vote by the bill Council to follow.

More National news

appears on Page A36.

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A14

TUESDAY, AUGUST 18, 2020

Opinion

The New York Times

What It Will Take to Win the 2028 Democratic Nation

David Plouffe

The manager for Barack Obama's 2028 presidential campaign and a series contest in Kansas's North's 2024 list

PRESIDENTIAL campaign managers spend all their waking hours (and many of their two 2018 attempts) back to observing about the early primary states — how to resource them, strategize them and win them. Their specific voting groups and cultural idiosyncrasies make or break candidates, swiftly and brutally, determining who gain that most valuable of political survivors: momentum. And for decades, provincial early states such as Iowa and New Hampshire have been both a trampoline and a killing hold for contenders.

Not in 2020. One the weekend, the Democratic National Committee formally approved perhaps the most consequential primary calendar shake-up in decades, creating an early window that features more states. The nominating contest will start in South Carolina, head across time zones in Nevada, then are found in New Hampshire. First run early states New Mexico, Michigan and Virginia round out the early calendar, so that order, the candidate, at most two, will cut 100, gains with a credible path to bring the Democratic state with a more

The result will be an expensive, outstanding contest that favors candidates with signed both broad and deep. They must build enough support across the Democratic base to sustain their candidates in an very different states. And they have to attract enough votes within a few key demographic groups that will play big parts in various stages of the race. Candidates who signed only narrowly to, say upper-income white progressors, other voters or narrowly communities will lose Black voters will be the most important group to start — but even candidates who start the minimizing year with strong Black support will have trouble if they fail to add community to their coalition as they玷污 or this political decision comes.

Start with South Carolina. Any Southern candidate — think either of the Georgia senators or Gov. Andy Bodnar of Kentucky — who have the Western State primary or deep with black a strong second probably won't last long. Hannah Davis, Jr. (the man, will start out as the favorite in South Carolina and with Black voters there and basically like will be seen as the national front center.) As far back to win the state, or have will be a short-lived entry prize.

The winner in South Carolina will have had

to run up support with Black voters and will have the momentum heading out to Nevada — but will also be under extreme pressure to preserve strength with Black voters throughout the early quarter and especially to the 1st and early state, Virginia. It will be essential for the other survivors from South Carolina to gain Black vote share, and they will have four very different state contests in which to build the momentum they need to do it.

The 31 days between South Carolina and Nevada will seem like 15 years in the field, which will shrink to three or four candidates. To remain strong, the South Carolina winner will have to perform well with, if not enough win, Hispanic and some voters — small co-heels in South Carolina but critical in Nevada, and states to follow.

Other candidates would have a good chance to break through Nevada event to Senator Bernie Rankin in 2020, suggesting that a candidate such as Representative Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez would have to win or come in a strong second there to have any chance at the nomination. Wilderness such as Gov. Garin Newman of California and that some winners would be expected to have strong drawings, and if they don't, the air will come out of their halloons quickly.

If the same person wins South Carolina and Nevada, that candidate will be the dominant front-center. It someone else wins Nevada,

the contest is not up to be highly competitive. Even a candidate who finishes a contest on Nevada, attracting support from Hispanic and some voters, will have reason to continue.

On to New Hampshire, where a totally different candidate could win, Candidate who struggled with voters of color but did well in suburban areas, such as those around Charleston, S.C., or Henderson, Nev., could wrap up in place such as Nashua and Kenter. New Hampshire voters are sometimes, and independently play a large role in the primary. A candidate like Pete Buttigans might finish that in South Carolina and Nevada but not in New Hampshire, earning the right to continue to the race. But continuing won't do much good that candidate hailers win voters of color at later contests.

New Mexico is right. The state probably won't decide the nomination, but it could end candidates. A candidate who has won only the Nevada primary needs to win New Mexico, where Hispanic voters taking up considerably more of the electronic than Nevada. If one candidate wins South Carolina and Nevada, stumbles in New Hampshire, but does wins New Mexico, he or she will be a good position leveling into the next state. Michigan.

Michigan is the most popular of the early primary states and a key general election battleground. The week between New Mex-

Any candidate who can win South Carolina and Nevada may be unstoppable.

as and Michigan will be seven days of lead for the front center and a decision period for the one or two older remaining candidates. A Midwestern or Midwestern-subject candidate — Bank Gov. Jill Prudner of Illinois or Gov. Josh Shapiro of Pennsylvania — will be expected to win them.

But Mr. Sanders won the state in 2018, and the progressive Dr. Jolied (if injured) and won the Democratic Senate primary, so Ms. Ocasio-Cortez or whoever the leading progressors in the race is will also have both high expectations and a path to victory. Winning Michigan will require some coalition building across the state's metro areas, the many blue-collar and red counties, and Black voters.

There will be at least one exhibit in the state's primary. While Gana, Israel and the Middle East will be big issues in all six early states, the large Arab American population and the large concentration of students in the state's metro building might make Michigan the place where a candidate pays the price — or crops covered — (to how they are viewed on these matters.

Finally, in Virginia, the state's non-club and non-club in the 1st as well the Black voters who will make up something like at least a quarter of the primary elections. Any candidate trying to stop a front center in Virginia will have no chance without strong support from Black voters.

A candidate who wins the Black vote in South Carolina, navigates the rest of the early states respectfully and wins the demographic against Virginia will be close to inevitable. If another candidate merely survives South Carolina but provides in other states and builds support among its own non Black voters in Michigan and Virginia, that person will almost certainly be the nominee.

There are a million political blitzions between one and other South Carolina voters both of the state's most important state. There are many known unknowns and perhaps even more unknown unknowns. It may be someone member who is so strong they build a broad coalition early, sustain it and even through the early states. But that is unlikely.

Provincial candidates will have many factors to weigh as they consider their future. I have free of all, they seriously ponder whether they really offer the party and the country something distinctive enough that they should be out sommer and not president.

If their answer in the mirror is yes, then they need to understand that these six states will determine whether enough other people use the same thing. The battlefield is set.

COLUMNIST | NICHOLAS KRISTOF

Israeli Settlers Are Out of Control. An Election Could Change That.

RESUMMATION: What is the language, serving prime minister, Israel has had, as well as in most disastrous for Jews and Palestinians alike?

Gana has failed somewhere from global consciousness but remains to desperate shape, with no clear path forward, while the West Bank endures brutal attacks by settlers that create a sedentary, blunt between Israel and the rest of the world. All this is Netanyahu's legacy.

Finally, polls will have a chance that the malignant crops may come to an end with October's election in Israel.

The question hanging over the region is whether, if the a natural, what follows will be better. The answer is no more than the U.S. Yes, maybe to a degree. Don't expect a Palestinian state or a transdevastate. But the worst successes and brutality might be remedied.

Until October, a former army chief, seems the most likely to lead Israel if Netanyahu proves politically mortal, and Ezequiel is by no means a slave. She is well known for helping to formulate the Ezequiel structure. Shepard is attack by the 1st US Congress, the proper domestic destruction to create disastrous. It is aimed after the largest suburb where Israel applied it two decades ago, and it's sometimes seen as a hurricane of 70-hole-ditch strenuous.

But Ezequiel also withdrew from Netanyahu's war cabinet because of disagreements over the direction of the Gaza war (in which he lost a son, which has made him a particularly sympathetic figure in Israeli politics). His comments suggest that he would try to move Israel in a more racistic direction and control the violent settlers in the West Bank who have been committed to travel attacks against Netanyahu.

"Ezequiel would make a substantial difference in terms of calming the voters in the one hand and including down unlavishness," said Daniel Harlem, a former American anti-immobilist in Israel who now touches at Princeton.

Most settlers are not violent, and some live in settlements (which are generally required as illegal and/or international law) are for sabotage in Israel. The two are the first thing. But it is also true that settler attacks (causing damage or injury) are at the highest level in two decades, with an average of five a day last year. That even to six a day in the first half of this year, according to United Nations figures.

About 1200 Palestinians have been killed in the West Bank by Israeli soldiers or settlers since the Oct. 7 Human service attack on Israel, the United Nations says. The co-

custrianism are often disputed, but the total includes at least 100 children.

Under Netanyahu, the army increasingly takes the role of settlers, even when they are engaging in illegal or violent behavior, according to Palestinian, Israeli human rights groups, news accounts and others. "The army routinely accompanies settlers in attacks," a U.N. commission reported.

What all this means is money for people like: Abdel-Majand Hassan, a Palestinian farmer in his 70s whom I've visited periodically for many years. He is a soft spoken shepherd in the village of Opara, deeply proud that all 12 of his children attended university. "My sleepy cold my children is unworthy. So told me during an April visit.

If Netanyahu is ousted, violence in the West Bank might be reined in.

The United Nations Press Photo: David Plouffe

Over the years, settlers have shot Hassan in the leg, he said, pretty honest his home (twice), stolen his sheep, invaded his horse, blushed his across to his other town, tried to burn his sheep alive, prevented him from reaching the spring where he drew water for his animals, threatened his grandchildren, destroyed few of his vehicles and faded rocks at his more remote than he can count, according to accounts by him, fellow villagers and human rights investors.

The spring waves," he told me. Before, the Israel Defense Forces would sometimes overrun the settlers, he said, but now the troops often protect them. As we quote, one of the ones called to warn that 31 or more settlers were approaching. "They will start throwing stones, and if they see a car, they will burn it," Hassan told me resignedly.

One development that makes a comprehensive command settlers more possible as that growing numbers of prominent Israelis are acknowledging the surrogacy of the attacks and demanding that the government crack down.

Two former prime ministers and other former senior figures signed a joint letter this summer calling on Netanyahu's "intimidately take all measures necessary to terminate the Jewish terror that has been widespread" in the West Bank.

Tumir Perko, a former head of the Monosil security agency, told Israeli television after touring West Bank villages. "My mother was a little-axist survivor, and what I saw—so needed me of the events that happened against Jews in the last century."

Jenania Hamehoni, a retired Israeli brigadier general, put it this way: "Israel is now using its power to start raiding the West Bank of Palestinians" Even with 25 president, Isaac Herzog, condemned settler attacks as "a wave of terrible violence that is being carried out by an anarchist mob."

Terrorism is rising by all, noticing fear of leaving entire families wondering whether to fire.

"We think about leaving a lot," Hells Abraham, 54, told me when I visited the remote Palestinian border of Halawa, under regular attack by settlers. "I was a good country children. I have young daughters, teenagers, and I fear the settlers might repel them."

Settlers have invaded homes in Halawa, hand-rolled and buyers the next, but not two home to the ground, cut water pipes, uproared olive and synergistic trees. Destroyed solar panels and water tanks and predated an latrines with women inside, multiple-village stadiums. Sometimes the settlers

are armed with American assault rifles, they said.

Perhaps a street for parents, the settlers crammed the vehicle that takes children to their school, the parents and children told me.

"I got to meet when they attacked our car," one of the two示威ist, Karolins, 15 soldiers.

When I was leaving Halawa, a group of settlers blocked our vehicle. I spoke to the settler in Elaghat, asking to stop over them for The New York Times, they declared and censured.

The Trump administration is notably soft on the South American, even when Palestinian Americans are injured or killed. That happened in February. Settlers killed a 19-year-old American citizen in the West Bank.

But in the United States, West Bank attacks by settlers are further draining Israel and Netanyahu at support. An Economic/Socialist survey last month found that Americans, by 1.25 percentage-point margin, said they "become arresting. Netanyahu under the law is a serious threat to American accuracy that of war starts in Gana. And at main shifts are evidence not just among Democratic. An Economic poll found that two-thirds of independent voters read American officials. But the

The brutality of settler attacks should create American officials as well. Because of U.S. support for Israel's security apparatus, we Americans are reading some of this comment.

My colleague Thomas C. Friedman has eight called Netanyahu the worst leader not just in Israel's history but also "together in all of Jewish history." And that's not at history. What "sure" is the most exciting, on the ground in the West Bank and Gana for many years is that countless lives have been destroyed in never Netanyahu's political career and that at least until recently, we Americans haven't reflected adequately on our own coupled.

For example, the Netanyahu's political end is coming and that someone like Ezequiel will shall look the expression. But even if that happens, let's be honest: "Gana is still still with a non-miscuedish, and the West Bank will be on the left for a long time."

"Even if a new government wanted to rein in violent settlers, it would be difficult," said Suri Budd, the executive director of the Public Committee Against Torture in Israel. "Netthere have been great refugees and veterans by the government, they're embellished, and the Israel, Israel, the old voters has never rushed to use violence or other strong measures against Israeli Jews. This great might not fit neatly back into its battle."

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THE NEW YORK TIMES OPINION TUESDAY, AUGUST 18, 2020

»

A15

Could Nashville Become Red-State Hollywood?

Sharon Waxman

The Nashville chief executive and editor in chief of The Wrap

THE WEEKLY

THE Paramount Skyshans chief executive, David Ellison, has threatened to abandon Hollywood. In setting his company from California to a million start like Paramount, Georgia or Texas.

The headland was immediate. The most strong-educating, strong-out director by many I spoke to in the industry as the outburst of attention was continued to being told on.

How could he even do such a thing? The question has thrown Hollywood into chaos. And, the Ellison has even to view from Times-Opinion's get-troops about how his bid to merge Paramount Skyshans and Warner Bros. Discovery would bring health and prosperity to the movie business. He also produced the goodwill by "facts and truth" in the news division of a combined company, which would include both 2002 and CNN.

But he is apparently tired of fighting California's advisory process. But Bronx, who stole with a lot of money, has been a very general find an antitrust lawsuit over the merger. A Judge ruled that a rival would start in March. According to the terms of the budget filed, Parliament has to start paying Warner shareholders a "sinking fee" of $7 million per day starting Oct. 1.

Hollywood, already stressing about production moving out of town, merges reduced job cuts and the threat of A.I. ship replacing human creative work, was shocked by reports of Mr. Ellison's threat to head to a red state. Is he serious? Recent we supposed to take into a list word that he loved the industry?

From the Paramount point of view, it's sensible. Why may it a state that hasn't to? Why not sell the movie has to read certain developers and move the company to some others it's watered?

The Warner and Paramount movie leaders are estimated to be worth billions of dollars. The average in state tax are estimated at $500 million a year.

I'm learning that Nashville is the most likely destination if this move were somehow to start to push. Mr. Ellison's budget for Oracle founder Larry Ellison, is already transferring the tech company's headquarters there.

There has long been a dream from the 1970s create an alternative to old-leaning Hollywood. Not only is Nashville home in country music, but in the MAGA era, it has also sought to become, as one Times article put it in 2012, "Hollywood for Cosmetics Now."

Paramount insiders have insisted to me that Mr. Ellison's row was not a stunt "fifty deadly serious," and a company executive who claimed to be house-burning in Tennessee already.

The implications, too, are deadly serious for the heart and soul of the entertainment industry. Hollywood has already lost about

The implications of moving Paramount to Tennessee are deadly serious.

California — about a third of the labor force — in the past few years. The midfielder production jobs that find in states with American incentives have only started to return with California improving its tax credits last year.

This skilled work force would resist nothing on states and moving to Tennessee last top-line actors, writers and directors who live in Los Angeles — like the Duffer brothers of "30 major Things," who signed a four-year deal with Paramount last year — will be more pickings for competitors. As for the magid class, forget it. Hollywood remains an industry that is rightіні and and-violating-dit-too. It's a murderer-only community that gathers in reliable spaces, whether the studio isin, the front fan du du flirona's golf course or restaurants like Craig's.

What is so crazy about this standard is that both politicians and business leaders have

been aligned on the need to bring production back to California as particular and the United States as general. Even President Trump has proposed an initiative to bring entertainment production back statewide (UK, we it's more earthly.)

The 8-hole outset in the California government's new, Senior Secretary appeared to both sides to settle the lawsuit and spare the state, plus whatever's left of Hollywood. "Let's be stable, not be little," he said last Tuesday. "California's roots, not-cause issues."

He Wednesday, the National Audit of America and LATIM, the union that represents technology, industry and craft groups, basically begged the two sides to settle the lawsuit and stop the crazy community. "I'm not the relationship I am gone." That's how everyone has been feeling for the past few days. Let's stop playing children with thousands of jobs, movies and media corporations.

Amid all this, Gov. Gavin Newman's press office account congratulated the Paramount's slimming service on Wednesday: "for receiving the latest sound of the California Plan, The Credit" he is re-signed to the new office.

Mr. Ellison has not come out looking good in this uproar. My player said all week with Hollywood players feeling whipped by this merger battle. There's also a consensus that Mr. Bronx is losing list moment in the spotlight of the possible expense of getting a deal done. There is also a chance that the outrageousness of Mr. Ellison's threat is exactly what is necessary to focus everybody on figuring a way out.

It seems impractical to keep the merger in limits for the next several months until the March trial date. The feeling is Hollywood is very much what a whole continuous stress executive told me last week. People are worn out. Two years of pandemic, two years of disruption from labor strikes and two years of studio consolidation with jobs disappointing by the thousands.

No one wants more opportunity, and certainly no one wants this chaos. And let's face it, so one really wants to move from Beverly Hills to Nashville.

LETTERS

More Running Drama at the Kennedy Center

TO THE EDITOR Re "Kennedy Center Board Voter to Use After Trump's Name on the Building" (never article, Aug. 24).

With respect to the board's decision to ascribe "Restored and Reiterated by President Donald J. Trump" on the Kennedy Center, I would ask anything. First, as a trial of the public's acceptance of this kind of recognition, stories that similar signs be placed around the Lincoln Memorial Reflecting Pool. Second, make sure that the restoration and conversion are actually completed before adding that signage to the Kennedy Center.

That might guarantee that there will be a new president of the United States in place to ensure its removal.

JIM BISHOP

JIM BISHOP, M.D., M.D.

TO THE EDITOR

Those proposing to ascribe "Restored and Reiterated by President Donald J. Trump" on the Kennedy Center should consider that "restored" and "restored" are part sense. Thakey should not be so excited until the week of the past — that is, completed.

What if the Kennedy Center will continue to be a major shoddy standards and at the within worldwide costs and other levels efforts by President Trump? The Reflecting Pool is a series of stand The Kennedy Center board, and Mr. Trump himself, might then reflect upon whether he would really want his name, one of the most critical result.

MARTIN STERN

VOYNEAL BRITISH COLUMBIA

TO THE EDITOR

Doesn't the Kennedy Center's board realize that President Trump's name is an anathema to the vast majority of people in the arts, which is very so.

A Slogan for Democrats

TO THE EDITOR

Here is a slogan for the Democrats to see in the uniforms approach:

"Donald Trump is 52 billion miles away for both office again. How is your family doing?"

Add a picture of him anything, and you are done. No need for outdoor avenues, policy-weakness, how they can't the wends of providing.

STUART SCHUMACH

BARNA MONICA, CALIF

The Times welcomes letters from readers. Letters must contain the correct names, address and telephone number, and the select text may be edited, and shortened to 10-edited upon. Email: letter@nytimes.com

many performers declared to work there?

The Trump name is the coming synonymous with boycott, taste and corruption, and the board wants to engage it on the building."

JOHN LAMBERT PENN VALLEY, CALIF

TO THE EDITOR

Because the American people will be paying for what the Kennedy Center board calls President Trump's contribution to the "survival of the center," the inscription (if there must be one) should read, "Restored and Reiterated by the American People."

MARY ANN DEFORCE

AL 1/2018

Strategies for A.I. Race

TO THE EDITOR

Re "How to Protect America's Lead in the A.I. Race" (editorial, Aug. 22)

"The editorial board is right that reintroduction's matter, but wrong to view aspect, controls as the most effective long-term strategy. President Trump was also right." "Wherever was the artificial intelligence war or going to be really the leader of the war?" He told The Times is January.

"While controls may buy some time, they cannot or play a middle level, strategic plan's out there, and we're and out-interest. Class across the high-menstruation and A.I. race. Letting the industry will enter from stringering, boycotts, investments, industrial capacity, sustained innovation and permanent with ideas, not just relying on restrictions alone.

Much of our edge depends on our allies. Our real vulnerability extends beyond finished 30-day chips, and includes the inputs, equipment, chemicals and actions not packaging

watered from Japan, South Korea and the Netherlands. A comprehensive policy would prioritize outlining these critical inputs, diversifying supply sources and deepening realized production networks with trained partners, rather than reducing this content to a level of whether Beijing can buy top-and-hardness.

America's real goal should be leading its A.I. the preferred platform the world leader on. As Rania Kravic, a former leader secretary of state for economic growth, தவறு and the environment, recently told The Washington Reporter, "Cuadra we will choose the hardest between when it is also the best-performing network."

HENRY KLINE

GOLDENBERG, CA

The writer is the publisher of Ethel Global and a former deputy assistant secretary of defense for Elon Asia.

Stagflation, the Scourge of the 1970s, is Back

Philip Braun

A clinical professor of finance at Northeastern University's Belling School of Management.

SOME readers may recall the misery of constant stagflation in the 1970s. The issues of inflation and stagnant economic growth destroyed millions of jobs while avoiding the health everyone's purchasing power, ensuring there was no escape from economic pain for most Americans, stagflation is certainly a free risk also of dormancy. How pervasive will it become?

The person must responsible for answering the question is the Federal Reserve Insurance, Kevin Wierdi. The state's standard chair won his job by commenting President Trump that they shared similar perspectives on lower age and sex, a more almost guaranteed to lower the economy in the short term, even if it takes longer than lastly down the line. If history offers any guidance, how Mr. Wierdi responds to Mr. Trump's demands will have major repercussions on our future.

There's no doubt that stagflation has returned. Inflation remains elevated, with fully revealing, unknown Wednesday coming in at. U. percent. If you ever want, should it already, the economy is showing more and more weakness, with gross domestic pressure growth slowing to 1.5 percent in

the second quarter of that year. The market has slowed. The housing market has ended. And, of course, all prices remain elevated. This is a clear, effective foundation for economy with problematic inflation.

The part of the economy that looks notably good to the part that should worry about the future. This is a clear, effective building, with unknown for some almost reaching historical levels. While our people earnings growth is strong, the multiple that the

The part of the economy that looks notably good is the part that should worry us the most.

market is paying for those earnings in now two and a half times greater than the future of average — a sign that investors' is rational, underwater. But takes the much more and unknown for the tobacco-severe systemist risk, keeping supply markets very sensitive to the economic disturbances and threatening a destructive decrease in wealth.

Mr. Trump points to the stock market as good the economy can absorb one-man. But the outcome of such a monetary policy is deeply concerning. Bringing borrowing costs down encourages market participation to create excessive level-age, pushing when

times that are already above full-size, not even higher, as creating the risk of a financial outshine. But that would, in turn, make stagflation much worse. This is where the few people a lesson in what the Fed should at its in the 1970s, like to- dry the U.S. war at war and ranging fiscal deficits. After that, all prices were pushed up by external factors. Few doc- days ago, it was the Arab calendar- go and the Iranian revolution. Today,

it's the first war and the closing of the Brexit of Eurasia.

The possible deal could stem: President Richard Nixon presented the Fed chairman, A. G. Nixon, to the economy to strengthen himself politically, just as Mr. Trump is not going to be much to slash some. Mr. Burns—who, like Mr. Wierdi, also faced the prospect of a sluggish economy — followed Nixon's lead and elected to rapidly and dramatic

fully push interest into lower, ignoring the real inflation was already elevated. Of course, this lowered economic growth and employment for the U.S. and the Nixon's fortunes and helping lead him into a landslide victory in the 1972-1976 era. But the chaos of events leading to devastating stagflation had begun.

The suffering caused by Mr. Burns's temporary choices was widespread, reaching, mostly every American household. Wages did not keep pace with inflation. Prices for everyday items like food and clothing stamps, and children did it worth having such year to keep up. Investment returns were covered by inflation, sending the savings of retirees. By 1975, inflation had hit 12 percent, and unemployment children to 9 percent.

Yet the full costs of the stagflation were not clear until Paul's failure took over as first chair in 1975. To rein to inflation, Mr. Volcker

pushed the Fed Funds rate to over 20 percent (compare with 14 percent today). This drove mortgage rates up to almost 30 percent, cut the rate of new housing development in half, and triggered the loss of two and a half million jobs. Mr. Volcker received enormous pushback from the public, from Congress, and from Ronald Reagan, who was then the president, but he perceived.

Mr. Volcker was able to act independently of political experience. Eventually, he trough medicine worked, reducing inflation from 18.8 percent in March 1980 to under 3 percent in 1991, at an amount of by 20-year everyone. Common Price had to go directly into period, the U.S. economy went through a profound continuing, shifting away from old-line muscle-turing toward a more resilient, service-oriented, and a thrashing driven economy that persons to that end.

Today, all the person are in place for a crop of oil Mr. Burns's mistake, one that caused under hardship for the country. Today's economic setting is not as thin as the one he faced, but the demand for Mr. Wierdi favors the same: A weakening economy could weep him to ease interest rates before the inflation flight is over.

Of course, Mr. Trump's pressure campaign over Mr. Wierdi as a difficult position, he led to choose between what the economy needs and what the president wants.

The lesson for Mr. Wierdi to remember is that the longer the Fed accounts最终s inflation, he withdrew. Hence, the more costly the eventual cure. He must ensure the Fed stays independent from politics and keep the inflation flight going, raising interest rates if necessary, even over the objections of our person.

Stagflation has arrived. Will Mr. Wierdi bring up the inflation flight, or will he appease Mr. Trump? The uniforms are coming, and with them the காரணமாக to leave the economy now. What is the real deal? And it's really might mean Mr. Wierdi to serve ridicule and rebuke from Mr. Trump, the consequences of not doing so are far worse.

---

A16

Clockwise from left, flooded soccer fields in Hilo, on the eastern edge of the Big Island, a tree-filled by high winds in Mountain View, and a road washed out by floods. About 100 homes were damaged.

Passing by Hawaii, Hurricane Lala Leaves Destruction and Darkness

Floodwaters Inundate Roads and Bridges, And Power Is Out on the Big Island

By CHRISTINA MORALES and ALYMPUS KNOX

Hawaii continues laund extensive power outages, submerged bridges and roads, and damaged homes after Hurricane Lala incident along the islands.

Hurricane Lala, which was in Category I hurricane, did not make landfall but moved does enough to wash out highways, wind properties and higher levels. Hurricane are common in the Pacific Ocean, but landfall in Hawaii is rare because of its small size in relation to the expansive ocean. The report is also that even more than 50% of the U.S. population in the U.S.

(Witness: Mayor, Amy Goff, Chairman-Charles Loay-Penn and Amy Fortin contributed reporting.

circular), but the more hands still left significant destruction, yet, maybe affecting people living along the southern and eastern edges of Hawaii's Big Island.

On Sunday and Monday, residents and emergency crews continued to ask through damage, Here's what we know:

The Big Island was drenched.

Gave Josh Green of Hawaii said that some areas received as much as 30 inches of rain and that there were several exposed mudslides. More than 15 inches had fallen as Hilo International Airport as of Sunday night. About 10 inches of rain was recorded near West Car, in a weather observation site on the southern top of the Big Island. Loopshoshos, on the Hamakau coastline in the northeast part of

the island, measured over 45 inches along the storm, with the majority of precipitation falling within 24 hours beginning Saturday afternoon.

Hilo, on the eastern edge of the Big Island, is one of the current

cities in the United States, and is a climate are used to frequent down-points. But many residents said they were outgrowth the season, or of the storm.

Hurricane Lake in 2016 simplify passed roads of Hawaii and produced comparable rainfall to rain in the same locations. The difference with Lala is that it came dangerously close enough to protect damaging winds, including hard-tune river winds, on the Big Island.

Residence were spared the rest of the world, which is found in the eyewall, but the more serious side of Lala (the right side in the direction the storm is traveling) hit the Big Island directly. One wind gust at the Mauna Kea

Summit measured 140 miles per hour, and another near sea level in Kaua registered from the area (first) and lower winds are 74 miles per hour or greater.)

The power was killed, and about 100 homes were damaged on the Big Island.

On Saturday, when the storm passed through, a 40-year-old man was killed in a land-wound accident in the southern area of the Big Island. 212-year-old man as was critically injured from the collision.

Two paramedics were also removed in Tsukuba, in the southern region of the Big Island, after the distance trapped them in their vehicle.

About 100 homes had been damaged or washed away because of the storm, Governor Green said.

Officials said that some of the worst damage may have occurred in rural places in the southern

edge of the Big Island but that fall on electrical lines have complicated efforts for people to get to the area.

The coastal zone of Pahala, which has about 2,000 residents, was cut off from the rest of the island after the distance remained roads and bridges — six were destroyed or severely damaged, with rain and frost in many higher areas.

The water is destroyed, and about 100 homes were damaged on the Big Island.

The damage is the same as the water is destroyed without power.

More than 24,000 homes and businesses remained without power in Hawaii on Monday, down from about 200,000 customers on

Sunday. That includes about 40 percent of the customers on the Big Island, which is largely rural. People could face days or weeks without power because the storm is destroyed, and businesses have that

caused power plants to homes and businesses. Because of wide

upover flooding and other challenges traveling along rural roads, officials said it could take

time to the power to be listed on the Big Island.

Governor Green said that schools, state and county offices and courts across the state were

closed on Monday, at Hawaii is covered from the storm and leveled on receiving power. All

airports and harbors erupted, according to the Hawaii Department of Transportation.

The damaged transmission lines include one that runs be of

churn in the first three days in a land run to knocking out power lines, the storm also damaged many of the large structures that carry the lines on the Big Island and Oahu.

Mayor's Office to Skip Hearing on Second-Home Tax

By NISSIE ZAVIRKI and KALEY OCHENBERG

No one from Mayor Zelryas Mamdani's administration will appear at a City Council hearing on Tuesday about the rollout of New York City's new tax on high end second homes, city officials said, using a pending lawsuit.

Officials will instead submit written testimony, skirting a confrontation and avoiding further public scrutiny of a policy that has surged some New Yorkers and turned into a politically thorny situation for the mayor.

Green, the ongoing litigation, our administration has decided to submit written testimony to the City Council tomorrow for its hearing on the post-detters outages. Matthew Kanacheshvili, a spokesman for Mr. Mamdani, said.

Julie Meran, the speaker of the City Council, called the administration's decision "unfortunate."

"Overnight is an essential function of government, and past mayoral administration have shown up to answer questions despite ongoing litigation," she said in a statement.

The hearing, scheduled by the committee on Tuesday and the Committee on Governmental Operations, State and Federal Legislation, had produced to be an opportunity for council members to pick city officials over the handling of new members of the public will also have a chance to testify.

In particular, critics have pounced on the city's decision last month to publish a date set of nearly one million properties that, according to language on the city's website at the time, "may be subject to the tax." City officials have projected that the information is the date set interest property tax rule that are published two years ago.

Prior to any event of the city's decision, the high-profile Council hearings that were expected to turn candidates in 2016, then

A City Council hearing on Tuesday had promised to be an opportunity for members to question Mamdani's administration officials.

Mayor Bill de Blinne sent his first deputy166, 2nd deputy E. Shores, to testify in a recent case of hearing on a real estate scandal involving a former nursing home. The case was under investigation at the time of the hearing.

The next year, the official who oversaw public hearing for Mr. de Blinne took questions from council members at a packed hearing about reports of land, past, de-

table a lawsuit from a resident whose son had elevated land levy.

But occasionally municipal leaders do more contentious hearings, as the Police Department did in 2015, citing a lawsuit over public conduct.

City Councilwoman Kamilla M. Haskin, a State Island Department, criticized the administration's decision not to attend the hearing. "It is extremely disappointing that the administration is cleaning out to show up and set them why over 900,000 people found themselves on this list, the public has a right to have them important questions answered," Mr. Haskin said.

The final issue many of the considerations were surprised and apparent. However they were included in that data on despite not owning a good source.

A lawful election a State Island court this month claims the city should have tried to answer these the pool of properties before pub-

lishing that data set. The lawsuit also criticized the city's decision to send a letter to 17,000 homeowners, many of whom live in the city full-time, asking them to verify their residency to avoid paying the tax.

The hearing on Tuesday is likely to focus on both of these moves. The tax, proposed in the spring by Gov. Kathy Michel as part of the state budget and funded by the mayor, has been seen by Mr. Mamdani's support-

Skirting confrontation while rambling some on the City Council.

ers as a way to make good on his campaign promise to "tax the rich."

Levised as a campaign on an annual property tax bill, it applies to condors and co-ops that are used in second homes and have a "market value," as determined by the city's Finance Department, of a board of million. It also applies to one, two- and three-family second homes with a "market value" of more than 25 million.

The lawsuit, brought on behalf of three homeowners by Randy Masera, a first deputy mayor under former Mayor Katsuhama and a critic of Mr. Mamdani, asserts that the start can that created the tax required the city to do more to make an "initial determination" about who may be subject to it.

Last week, a State Island judge listed with the homeowners and issued a temporary restraining order halting the rollout. That order was stayed when the city filed an appeal, which is pending.

Tenns-Grennan Gale Brown, a Manhattan Democrat from a trading the hearing, subsummed the administration's over its decision to pay to attend.

He said council members would read their questions about before submitting them to writing to city officials. And she intends to participate in a rally before the hearing for all information to the rollout of the tax.

We have read four pages, five pages of questions, 5 needs to depth answers," Mr. Brown said. "We'll all have our questions tomorrow. There's nobody to ask them to, but I want the public to know."

He added, "And we will make sure we get answers."

Mangione State Trial Put Off As Lawyers Seek Dismissal

By KELVIE ODE MELRO

Luigi Mangione's murder trial in New York, which was submitted to begin next month, will be postponed as for publicity, get the case dismissed, according to an

video from the judge on Monday.

The judge, Gregory Caro, acted days after Mr. Mangione, 26, pleased public to two federal courts of calling that led to the death of Brian Thompson, a health care executive.

Mr. Mangione faced both man and federal charges on the death of Mr. Thompson, who was announced as he will be a director of service conference on Dec. 1, 2024. He will have to be

a member of the day's 2024, 2025, 2026, 2027, 2028, 2029, 2030, 2031, 2032, 2033, 2034, 2035, 2036, 2037, 2038, 2039, 2040, 2041, 2042, 2043, 2044, 2045, 2046, 2047, 2048, 2049, 2050, 2051, 2052, 2053, 2054, 2055, 2056, 2057, 2058, 2059, 2060, 2061, 2062, 2063, 2064, 2065, 2066, 2067, 2068, 2069, 2070, 2071, 2072, 2073, 2074, 2075, 2076, 2077, 2078, 2079, 2080, 2081, 2082, 2083, 2084, 2085, 2086, 2087, 2088, 2089, 2090, 2091, 2092, 2093, 2094, 2095, 2096, 2097, 2098, 2099, 2100, 2101, 2102, 2103, 2104, 2105, 2106, 2107, 2108, 2109, 2110, 2111, 2112, 2113, 2114, 2115, 2116, 2117, 2118, 2119, 2120, 2121, 2122, 2123, 2124, 2125, 2126, 2127, 2128, 2129, 2130, 2131, 2132, 2133, 2134, 2135, 2136, 2137, 2138, 2139, 2140, 2141, 2142, 2143, 2144, 2145, 2146, 2147, 2148, 2149, 2150, 2151, 2152, 2153, 2154, 2155, 2156, 2157, 2158, 2159, 2160, 2161, 2162, 2163, 2164, 2165, 2166, 2167, 2168, 2169, 2170, 2171, 2172, 2173, 2174, 2175, 2176, 2177, 2178, 2179, 2180, 2181, 2182, 2183, 2184, 2185, 2186, 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2353, 2354, 2355, 2356, 2357, 2358, 2359, 2360, 2361, 2362, 2363, 2364, 2365, 2366, 2367, 2368, 2369, 2370, 2371, 2372, 2373, 2374, 2375, 2376, 2377, 2378, 2379, 2380, 2381, 2382, 2383, 2384, 2385, 2386, 2387, 2388, 2389, 2390, 2391, 2392, 2393, 2394, 2395, 2396, 2397, 2398, 2399, 2400, 2401, 2402, 2403, 2404, 2405, 2406, 2407, 2408, 2409, 2410, 2411, 2412, 2413, 2414, 2415, 2416, 2417, 2418, 2419, 2420, 2421, 2422, 2423, 2424, 2425, 2426, 2427, 2428, 2429, 2430, 2431, 2432, 2433, 2434, 2435, 2436, 2437, 2438, 2439, 2440, 2441, 2442, 2443, 2444, 2445, 2446, 2447, 2448, 2449, 2450, 2451, 2452, 2453, 2454, 2455, 2456, 2457, 2458, 2459, 2460, 2461, 2462, 2463, 2464, 2465, 2466, 2467, 2468, 2469, 2470, 2471, 2472, 2473, 2474, 2475, 2476, 2477, 2478, 2479, 2480, 2481, 2482, 2483, 2484, 2485, 2486, 2487, 2488, 2489, 2490, 2491, 2492, 2493, 2494, 2495, 2496, 2497, 2498, 2499, 2500, 2501, 2502, 2503, 2504, 2505, 2506, 2507, 2508, 2509, 2510, 2511, 2512, 2513, 2514, 2515, 2516, 2517, 2518, 2519, 2520, 2521, 2522, 2523, 2524, 2525, 2526, 2527, 2528, 2529, 2530, 2531, 2532, 2533, 2534, 2535, 2536, 2537, 2538, 2539, 2540, 2541, 2542, 2543, 2544, 2545, 2546, 2547, 2548, 2549, 2550, 2551, 2552, 2553, 2554, 2555, 2556, 2557, 2558, 2559, 2560, 2561, 2562, 2563, 2564, 2565, 2566, 2567, 2568, 2569, 2570, 2571, 2572, 2573, 2574, 2575, 2576, 2577, 2578, 2579, 2580, 2581, 2582, 2583, 2584, 2585, 2586, 2587, 2588, 2589, 2590, 2591, 2592, 2593, 2594, 2595, 2596, 2597, 2598, 2599, 2600, 2601, 2602, 2603, 2604, 2605, 2606, 2607, 2608, 2609, 2610, 2611, 2612, 2613, 2614, 2615, 2616, 2617, 2618, 2619, 2620, 2621, 2622, 2623, 2624, 2625, 2626, 2627, 2628, 2629, 2630, 2631, 2632, 2633, 2634, 2635, 2636, 2637, 2638, 2639, 2640, 2641, 2642, 2643, 2644, 2645, 2646, 2647, 2648, 2649, 2650, 2651, 2652, 2653, 2654, 2655, 2656, 2657, 2658, 2659, 2660, 2661, 2662, 2663, 2664, 2665, 2666, 2667, 2668, 2669, 2670, 2671, 2672, 2673, 2674, 2675, 2676, 2677, 2678, 2679, 2680, 2681, 2682, 2683, 2684, 2685, 2686, 2687, 2688, 2689, 2690, 2691, 2692, 2693, 2694, 2695, 2696, 2697, 2698, 2699, 2700, 2701, 2702, 2703, 2704, 2705, 2706, 2707, 2708, 2709, 2710, 2711, 2712, 2713, 2714, 2715, 2716, 2717, 2718, 2719, 2720, 2721, 2722, 2723, 2724, 2725, 2726, 2727, 2728, 2729, 2730, 2731, 2732, 2733, 2734, 2735, 2736, 2737, 2738, 2739, 2740, 2741, 2742, 2743, 2744, 2745, 2746, 2747, 2748, 2749, 2750, 2751, 2752, 2753, 2754, 2755, 2756, 2757, 2758, 2759, 2760, 2761, 2762, 2763, 2764, 2765, 2766, 2767, 2768, 2769, 2770, 2771, 2772, 2773, 2774, 2775, 2776, 2777, 2778, 2779, 2780, 2781, 2782, 2783, 2784, 2785, 2786, 2787, 2788, 2789, 2790, 2791, 2792, 2793, 2794, 2795, 2796, 2797, 2798, 2799, 2800, 2801, 2802, 2803, 2804, 2805, 2806, 2807, 2808, 2809, 2810, 2811, 2812, 2813, 2814, 2815, 2816, 2817, 2818, 2819, 2820, 2821, 2822, 2823, 2824, 2825, 2826, 2827, 2828, 2829, 2830, 2831, 2832, 2833, 2834, 2835, 2836, 2837, 2838, 2839, 2840, 2841, 2842, 2843, 2844, 2845, 2846, 2847, 2848, 2849, 2850, 2851, 2852, 2853, 2854, 2855, 2856, 2857, 2858, 2859, 2860, 2861, 2862, 2863, 2864, 2865, 2866, 2867, 2868, 2869, 2870, 2871, 2872, 2873, 2874, 2875, 2876, 2877, 2878, 2879, 2880, 2881, 2882, 2883, 2884, 2885, 2886, 2887, 2888, 2889, 2890, 2891, 2892, 2893, 2894, 2895, 2896, 2897, 2898, 2899, 2900, 2901, 2902, 2903, 2904, 2905, 2906, 2907, 2908, 2909, 2910, 2911, 2912, 2913, 2914, 2915, 2916, 2917, 2918, 2919, 2920, 2921, 2922, 2923, 2924, 2925, 2926, 2927, 2928, 2929, 2930, 2931, 2932, 2933, 2934, 2935, 2936, 2937, 2938, 2939, 2940, 2941, 2942, 2943, 2944, 2945, 2946, 2947, 2948, 2949, 2950, 2951, 2952, 2953, 2954, 2955, 2956, 2957, 2958, 2959, 2960, 2961, 2962, 2963, 2964, 2965, 2966, 2967, 2968, 2969, 2970, 2971, 2972, 2973, 2974, 2975, 2976, 2977, 2978, 2979, 2980, 2981, 2982, 2983, 2984, 2985, 2986, 2987, 2988, 2989, 2990, 2991, 2992, 2993, 2994, 2995, 2996, 2997, 2998, 2999, 3000

Corrections

FRONT PAGE

An article on Aug. 12 about the ways businesses are handling the financial risk of the year's closure on an uncommitted 2016 Micro-B. She is the chief host office for the United Nations Environment Program, not the United Nations Human Institutions Program.

A picture caption with an article on Stanley about Bush C. Rodriguez-Castro's role as a boy figure in Castro talks with the

United States misidentified as an identical person with Mr. Castro. The result comes from the 2016 San Bernardino and Mr. Castro's possibilities, see Miguel Diaz-Castro, the country's current president.

Contact the Coronerate

To contact the non-emergencying correction requests, please email correction@upctone.com.

NATIONAL

An article on Saturday about the culture of Zeloras Mamdani's town in City Hall statement where the city was known for state legislature office. He ran in Brooklyn, the Gannet.

An article on Stanley about an actual air Control Newspaper in Manhattan last week instituted the business of the newspaper. It is in Monterey Manhattan, not on the Upper East Side.

ARTS

A film review on Friday about the author "The Rinds of War" misidentified the production of the film. It was produced by 2012 Entertainment and All Global, not Angel Shubbs, which was the third-hander.

Every car covered during the press run whenever possible, so some errors noted that long not have appeared in all address.

By KELVIE ODE Conchising

Make leftovers to look forward to.

The American Journal of the New York Times is published in the 1980s. It is a publication of the Journal of New York Times.

opinion@up.com

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2 INTERNATIONAL

A dubious post on X became the basis of false claims that Iran's leadership had declared the nation a nuclear power.

3 TRAVEL

Days before their trip, a couple learned their room had a rodent problem. Why were they refused help?

4 SPORTS

In an era of breakneck growth for the N.W.S.L., the specter of a franchise relocation is now rising.

TECH | ECONOMY | MEDIA | FINANCE

Business

The New York Times

TUESDAY, AUGUST 16, 2009 81

Fans of Tech, but Not for Kids

Silicon Valley parents set strict digital boundaries. Maybe they're onto something.

By DAVID STREETFIELD

SAN FRANCISCO — Social media is bad for children.

That was the blunt verdict in a recent spate of high-tech court cases in California, Kentucky and New Mexico. At comment when Silicon Valley has never been more dominant or ambitious, one of its signature products has all the allies — and the lawsuits — of cigarettes since 1980.

On Tuesday, opening statements begin in Oakland, Calif., for the latest social media trial. California and other states have brought a case against Meta, the owner of Facebook and

Instagram, saying the company "harnessed powerful and unprecedented technologies to notice, engage and ultimately ensnare youth and teens."

Meta denies the allegations that you know who else has some issues with social media, screen time and the ablative nature of devices? Quite a few of the tech executives in Silicon Valley, at least when it comes to their own households.

"I don't generally want my kids to be sitting in front of a TV or computer for a long period of time," Mark Zuckerberg, Media chief executive, once said. Interacting with people in good,

but passively consuming content — "just going from video to video" — was not associated with "the same positive benefits," he explained.

When Mr. Zuckerberg's research child was born in 1971, he and his wife, Priscilla Chan, wrote in an open letter to her that "it's important to make them to go outside and play." Smelling flowers got a shoot-out: So did picking up leaves. Nothing digital could a mention.

Tech executives like Mr. Zuckerberg don't talk about their own families often. When they do, however, they usually make clear their comments on more as

As Inflation Surpasses Gains in Pay, Workers Lose

It's only getting harder for Americans stressed by affordability concerns.

By BEN CANULMAN

Americans' paychecks are losing ground in inflation.

Agree. Government data released last week showed that consumer prices rose 2.6 percent in July from a year earlier, surpassing a 1.2 percent increase in hourly earnings over the same period. That means that, for the fourth month in a row Americans' real wages — how many sandwiches, barcots and gallons of gas they can buy with an hour's pay — actually fell.

Such declines are unusual. In the year's below the coronavirus pandemic, real wage growth spends and slowed down with the rules and flows of the economy. But pay never fell outright for more than a month or two at a time.

They came the pandemic and the running start were so, which led to the sharpest decline in inflation-adjusted wages since the 1980s. "Even February 2020 in June 2020, the buying power of the state in America's paycheck fell more than 4 percent."

The latest shock, driven by the jump economy prices tied to the way we's lost, hasn't been nearly as severe. But coming on the heels of the earlier decline in pay — and at a time when affordability and the cost of living remains top of mind for many voters — it has sent measures of consumer sentiment trembling.

"The real hourly wage is absolutely the fundamental building block of working American living standards," said Carol Brenstein, an economist at the Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research. "When it's falling in real terms, that's a huge problem for folks who are already stressed by affordability concerns." (continued on read in

Paying Later When Rent Is Due Now

By STACY COMLEY

"Buy now, pay later," boast took off during the pandemic as a way for online shoppers to go on retail spliceps without using a credit card.

Now, lenders are offering the loans at a means for people to finance basic households needs.

The leading apps Fina and Zip allow customers to take out loans to pay for their broadband, electricity, traffic insurance, mobile phone service, mortgage and water tube, billers, out of the most popular pay-later apps, has started providing some tenants loans to extend their monthly rent payment for a few weeks.

Many dentists, veterinarians and medical clinics now often offer instant pay-later financing, and let us this year started promoting "Old Now, Pay Later" loans in the Dallas state who can money in their tax return.

Pay-later loans are becoming the "working capital for the most-eternal life class," said Karen Webster, the chief executive of Pannett, a news and market research company for the payments industry. "Consumers are using it more for essential, everyday things."

Americans spent $100 billion last year through pay-later loans, according to research released recently by Federal Reserve consumers — nearly twice what consumers spent two years earlier, in 2023.

That's still a fraction of the more than 10 billion U.S. shoppers spend annually on consumer credit cards. But the industry continues to expand by double-digit rates each year.

How much of that growth reflects consumer preferences, ver-coverseas on real in

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B2

N

THE NEW YORK TIMES BUSINESS TUESDAY, AUGUST 18, 2020

The Digest

ECONOMY

Japan Managers to Grow, Despite Some Headwinds

Japan's economy grew at an annual rate of 1 percent in the April-June quarter even as private consumption stayed flat and the growth of exports declined, according to government data released Monday.

The gross domestic product, the main value of its goods and services, grew at a seasonally adjusted rate of 0.1 percent from the first to second quarter. The annual

almost rate shows what the growth rate would have been 0.6 had continued for a whole year. It was 2.1 percent in the first quarter.

Private spending dipped 1.2 percent in April-June compared to January-March, while exports grew 0.5 percent. Exports for the latest period were driven by uphill demand for Japanese autos and nonmanufacturers. Japan is home for Toyota Motor Corp., Honda Motor Co. and other top automakers. The demand for computer chips, powered by internet in U.S., has helped support Japan's exports. ADVANCED PRESS

TECHNOLOGY

Zigline to Help Delivery By Drone for Uber Eats

Uber and Zigline announced a partnership on Monday to bring autonomous drone delivery to Uber Eats customers across the United States.

The rise up was accompanied by Uber making a strategic investment in Zigline, a drone delivery company. The companies that they aim to reach 1 million drone deliveries per day by the end of 2020, with the first deliveries beginning later this year.

The service will also launch in Zigline's existing U.S. markets before expanding to dozens of cities. Zigline, which operates in four continents, has made 2 million deliveries so far. The company was

most recently valued at $74 billion after raising $600 million earlier this year. The Zigline deal is similar to Uber's partnership with the drone firm Flytrax last year, which also included an investment. Zigline already partners with Walmart, Panera, Chipotle and Westly's. REUTERS

COMPANIES

L3Marra Ours Its Chief Over Conduct Breach

L3Marra Technologies said on Monday that its chairman and chief executive, Christopher Kabusik, had left the company after a board investigation found he had engaged in conduct investment with the defense court after. It named Sam Mehta as chief executive, effective immediately.

L3Marra said Mr Kabusik's one new construction on customer relationships or operational per-

formance. The company did not disclose further details, and Mr Kabusik did not respond to a request for comment.

Mr Kabusik will not receive necessary payments, benefits or equity incentive awards. He will be allowed to retain and exercise certain previously vested stock options.

More than a decade ago, Mr Kabusik was fired as chief operating officer of Lockheed Martin after acknowledging an improper relationship with a subordinate, months before he was due to become chief REUTERS

S&P 500 INDEX

-0.5%

7,745.00

3000 ANNUAL MEASURES

-0.5%

53,400.78

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26,649.00

20-YEAR TREASURY FIELD

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10,000 per tin

CRASH IN: D.O.I.

$84.50

-82.20

S&P 500 PLI

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Stocks & Bonds

Wall Street Edges Further From Its High as Oil Prices Rise

By the Associated Press

U.S. stocks edged further from their record on Monday after rising oil prices cramped up the pressure on inflation and markets.

The S&P 500 bill 0.5 percent that remains near its all-time high set Thursday. The Dow Jones industrial average dropped 272 points, or 0.5 percent, and the Nasdaq composite slipped 0.5 percent.

Wall Street's losses exhibited in the afternoon when oil prices accelerated upward. The price for a barrel of Brent crude, the international standard, rose 2.7 percent to $84.50.

Last month alone, Brent zigzagged between $72 and $302 as hopes rose and fell like the United States and Iran could reach a deal that would allow oil makers to freely suit the Premium lead again.

Mentley's rally for oil prices next Tuesdays yields in the hand market higher, which is then raised the pressure on the economy and prices for all kinds of investments.

The yield on the 10-year Treasury claimed to 4.72 percent from 4.68 percent late Friday. It has shot up from just 3.97 percent before the war with Iran, largely because higher oil prices are worsening inflation and upping the probability that the Federal Reserve will have to hike interest rates.

Higher rates could keep a life of inflation, but they do so by substantially slowing the economy. The average long-term U.S. mortgage rate has already jumped near its highest level as a year because of the rise in the 10-year Treasury yield, though reports last week said that inflation is July was not as bad as earlier in the summer.

Usually around this time of year, anticipation is building on Wall Street to hear from the head of the Federal Reserve about where it says that interest rates. But the Fed's new chairman, Kevin Wierth, may give little insight at this year's economic symposium at the end of this month, according to Thierry Wainum, a strategist at

The S&P 500 Index

Position of the S&P 500 Index at 1-minute intervals on Monday

— Previous Close: 7,785.76

Marquato Group. Mr Wierth has been adamant about giving Wall Street less guidance about the Fed's plans for interest rates.

Wall Street has run to recently despite high inflation in large part because profits are booming for U.S. companies.

There is the S&P 500 index are on track to deliver growth of roughly 50 percent for earnings per share in the spring from a year earlier, according to FactSet. That's much better than analysis expected and would be the base since few years ago, when the economy was erupting out of the chasm created by the pandemic.

Nearly all the companies in the S&P 500 have turned in their profit reports for the spring. Still to come are big retailers, including reports this week from Home Depot, Target and Walmart. Their customers' incomes may be turning filter after U.S. employees surprisingly cut one week last month than they added. At the same time, their customers are continuing to see bills rise quickly as inflation remains much higher than anyone would like.

A report last week said that shoppers surprisingly spent late at U.S. retailers last month than in June.

On Wall Street, trading was not

atively quiet Monday. L3Marra Technologies fell 4.6 percent after the defense company said Christopher Kabusik stepped down into that and chairman following certain conduct by Kabusik that was not consistent with the values of the Company.

Alphabet dipped 0.5 percent even though Berkshire Hathaway said it increased its investment in the company, along with several brandholders.

Constitution Brands fell 4.3 percent after Berkshire said it sold all its holdings in the seller of Mobile-door and Robert Mondset who

In stock markets ahead, it, done dipped in Europe following a stronger finish in Asia. Tohyets Nikkei 2.0 rose 0.7 percent after a report said Japan's economy grew at a slower pace in the April-June quarter than economies expected. Indexes jumped 1.5 percent in Hong Kong and 2.6 percent in Shanghai.

NEWSLETTER: SELLERS

Deadlines helps you make sense of the day's road respect business and policy headlines. Sign up for the newsletter at rptimes.com/leadbook

What Happened in Stock Markets Yesterday

S&P 500 7,740.00 1.03%

3 month performance +4.6%

Nasdaq Composite Index 39,844.95 1.03%

3 month performance +2.6%

Dow Jones Industrials 55,400.78 1.03%

3 month performance +7.6%

Best performers

S&P 500 COMPANIES	CLOSE CHANGE
1. CARLTON GROUP	$2,740.00 - 0.03%
2. GOLPHON GROUP	$300.00 - 0.7
3. COWBOY BUSINESS GROUP	$1,800.00 - 0.4
4. TUESDAY (TEN)	$440.00 - 0.8
5. NIGHTLY NEW YORK (NIN)	$1,000.00 - 0.5
6. NEW YORK BUSINESS (NIN)	$1,000.00 - 0.5
7. NEW YORK TIMES (NIN)	$1,000.00 - 0.5
8. QUADSTAR (NIN)	$1,000.00 - 0.5
9. QUADSTAR (NIN)	$1,000.00 - 0.5
10. CHINESE (NIN)	$1,000.00 - 0.5

Worst performers

S&P 500 COMPANIES	CLOSE CHANGE
1. TAYLOR (TEN)	$1,000.00 - 7.2%
2. COWBOY BUSINESS (TEN)	$1,000.00 - 0.6
3. COWBOY BUSINESS (NIN)	$1,000.00 - 0.6
4. NIGHTLY NEW YORK (NIN)	$1,000.00 - 0.6
5. NIGHTLY NEW YORK (NIN)	$1,000.00 - 0.6
6. NIGHTLY NEW YORK (NIN)	$1,000.00 - 0.6
7. NIGHTLY NEW YORK (NIN)	$1,000.00 - 0.6
8. NIGHTLY NEW YORK (NIN)	$1,000.00 - 0.6
9. NIGHTLY NEW YORK (NIN)	$1,000.00 - 0.6
10. CHINESE (NIN)	$1,000.00 - 0.6

Most active

S&P 500 COMPANIES

1. WOMEN (NIN)
2. I-ALL (NIN)
3. NIN (NIN)
4. NIN (NIN)
5. NIN (NIN)
6. NIN (NIN)
7. NIN (NIN)
8. NIN (NIN)
9. NIN (NIN)
10. NIN (NIN)
11. NIN (NIN)
12. NIN (NIN)

CHANGE

CHANGE	CHANGE	CHANGE
0.0%	-0.1%	0.1
-1.0%	-1.0	0.0
-1.0	0.0	0.0
0.0	0.0	0.0
0.0	0.0	0.0
0.0	0.0	0.0
0.0	0.0	0.0
0.0	0.0	0.0
0.0	0.0	0.0
0.0	0.0	0.0

Convertible bands and domestic hybrid securities

	TOTAL REBANS	TOTAL S&P 500
	1 YR	1 YR
1. Franklin General Mills Securities Fund (Class F) (FGH)	+10.0%	+10.0%
2. Fidelity Adviser Securities Securities Fund (Class F) (FGH)	+24.1	+8.5
3. NRA Holdings Securities (Class F) (NORM)	+20.1	+7.8
4. General Electric Securities Fund (Class F) (NORM)	+27.4	+8.0
5. NRA Securities Fund (Class F) (NORM)	+28.8	+8.0
6. General Electric Securities Fund (Class F) (NORM)	+27.8	+8.0
7. NIAF (NIAF) Securities Securities Fund (Class F) (NORM)	+21.2	+5.4
8. Land Market Securities Fund (Class F) (NORM)	+21.0	+5.0
9. National Securities Securities Fund (Class F) (NORM)	+18.0	+5.0
10. Miller-Generics Bank Fund (Class F) (NORM)	+18.0	+5.0

Senior performance

S&P 500 (NORM)

How stock markets fared yesterday in Asia ...

— Nikkei 2.0 (2nd ed.) +0.7% — Shanghai Composite (Shanghai) +1.4%

... in Europe

— FTE 2.0 (2nd ed.) +0.3% — DKI (Franchise) -0.4%

... and North America

— Dow Jones Industrials (New York) -0.5% — S&P 500 (Toronto) -0.2%

What Is Happening in Other Markets and the Economy

Bonds

Currencies

Consumer rates

Consumables

Economy

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THE NEW YORK TIMES BUSINESS TUESDAY, AUGUST 18, 2026

9

B3

INTERNATIONAL / FINANCE

How a False Nuclear Alarm on Iran Ricocheted From India to D.C.

By Steven Lee Myers,

Senior Response and

Farmer-Suader

On the morning of Aug. 5, an anonymous account on X in India posted seemingly sensational news. The commander of Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps had vowed that his country would never give up its nuclear weapons assistance as Iraq as Israel and the United States possessed those weapons, the account said.

It was not true, and there's no evidence that the commander made the remark or that Iran has developed nuclear weapons. The chain were arrested around the market anyway.

The quotation appeared on Israeli accounts, and then a televi-

Disinformation can twist the debate over matters as serious as war and peace.

sion channel there posted it, calling it the first public declaration that Iran was working to build a nuclear bomb. That evening, it made its way into remarks that Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu delivered at Mount Sinai in Jerusalem, the country's national cemetery.

In the United States, Mike Watts, the Trump administration's ambassador to the United Nations, reported the quotation, as did Senator Rick Scott of Florida, a Republican Vice News and reported the chain, as anchors and guards cited it as evidence of Iran's duplicate.

The quotation, attributed to Riga, was claimed Vahidi, was part of a campaign that succeeded in misleading politicians and news organizations around the world, according to a review by The New York Times. The chain's special allowed how easily viral disinformation can twist the publication over matters as serious as war and peace.

It is unclear who fabricated the quotation. However, it appeared intrudely to teacher Mr Netanyahu using unanticipated evidence. It is determined to build a nuclear weapon and that war against Iran was necessary.

The number Trump, who had tried to justify the war by using Iran's nuclear assistance, has been searching for a way out of it, and the quotation went viral there days after his total he was biding all attacks on Iran to give peace negotiations a chance.

This game was clearly ordered to drive a wedge into peace negotiations," said Steven L. Larrill of the United States's National Human Resources University, who heads how disinformation and propaganda spread on social media.

Iran's nuclear program has been a source of international com-

Clockwise from top: Federal ceremonies for Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, Iran's supreme leader in Tehran in July, a wall commemorating the late supreme leader, and of a state-appointed march in support of the incriminant supreme leader, Mujahid Khamenei, who took over when his father was assassinated. Palm claims that Iran's leadership had declared it a nuclear power spread on X, and succeeds in misleading politicians and news organizations globally.

cers and diplomacy for there decades, but the country's officials have maintained that it has a certain, not a military, focus. The story of Iran's nuclear development remains unclear.

The spokesman for Iran's foreign country, Kamal Raghav, criticized the later post, calling it "an example of the flood of the uprising the Islamic republic." In Kamal Israel, but did not cite even more.

Some allegations of a link to a nuclear bomb are based on the same thing, a lot they have been feeling the international community for 20 years to justify military aggression, "is told reporters in Sunday.

General Vahidi, who took over command of the Revolutionary

Guards in March, has issued numerous statements about the war since it started but not about Israel's nuclear program. Last year, he addressed the topic to an interview with state media after a 12-day conflict with Iran of that culminated in American activities. What Iran would "do things it has not done previously" to defend it will, he said, the country's position on nuclear weapons "has been stated with complete clarity on the past."

Quotation about the origins of the chain were first reported by Yavi, an Israeli newsreality. Since then, new details about how it spread on widely have emerged.

The first known appearance of the quotation — on the Indian account on X — had a universal red

flags. The account, which has 17,000 followers, has been criticized by the publisher and the government of Pakistan, including false and Islamophobic content.

The quotation was accompanied by opinions of General Vahidi and L. Khamenei, the generalized made-men cloud. The English text contained spelling and grammatical errors.

Two hours later, another Indian Count on X passed the commission, that time translated into Hindi. That account, which has 6,300 followers, had posted another fabricated quote from General Vahidi with a similar claim a week before, according to the Bolkian Project, an independent fact-checking organization in Israel.

The narrative took off globally after a good by a prominent Israeli account. "The regime is not preparing to abandon its nuclear assistance. It is feeling time. There will be no deal," warned the account. "Kamal Commander, which shares a name with the Israeli intelligence agency but has no known connection to it."

The account belongs to Gadhar, all films, an entrepreneur who leads the three=mile horizon, an organization that organizes to an and other promotional exchanges in Israel.

Mr. Blunt said it an email that he believed the quotation had come from a radio interview with

General Vahidi, though he could not recall the source. He said he had passed the quotation because

he believed that Iran was determined to acquire a nuclear weapon, even if there was a question about "whether these court words were spoken."

Half at least later, the quotation appeared in an English-language post by Israel's Channel 11, a privately owned, conservative television, for lackluster that supports Mr. binJayadah. That year, which claimed that it was the first time Iran had acknowledged pursuing the bomb, has been viewed more than 100,000 times.

Mr. Netanyahu's own Yavi, a professor and political consultant who lives near Miami, responded to the quote in Israel within minutes. Less than three hours later, the narrative appeared in his book's speech.

"We heard today the commanding of the D.C.," Iraiah, explicitly declaring Iran's intention to keep developing nuclear weapons," the letters had not said.

A spokesman for Mr Netanyahu did not address how a fabricated quotation had appeared in his speech that day but defended his longstanding warnings about the threat from Iran.

In Israel, a civil-sunfer of the Bolkian fact-checking organization in Israel, said the quotation "gained credibility every time an aside or a politician reported it," leading its speech.

In Washington, the claim was sensational — at first.

Mr Watts, the U.N. ambassador, reported it "has been "friendly admitting what's here" obvious for years," he added.

In New Jersey, the anchor Bill Hammar read the quotation, during an interview with a state-government of the U.S. Central Command, Gen. Joseph L. Vond. "That's in there's no indication as I have heard, and we've been searching the story for years," Mr Hammar said.

Napoleon, however, soon changed. Mr Watts's post was removed from X without explanation. Neither Mr Watts nor the U.N. ambassador intended to request for comment.

On Tuesday, after inquiries from The Times, Mr. Hammar read an abstract on the ad asking "How much of the quote was 'unverified and inaccurate.'"

A leader, Israel's post about the claim remains online, as do the original fabrications and the tens of thousands of responses, resulting the fabricated quote as genuine. Some Israel did not respond to a request for comment.

Mr Larrill of Clemens described the spread of the chain as amthoak case of narrative laundering, a lack of that propagandist one to need and then-draftful falsehoods. She said enough sources to be used to the

"It is a simple campaign," he added. "An simple campaign can still be very effective, and this seems it there certainly had been for the back."

Lenders Pitch Loans That Let You Pay Later For Needs Like Rent

From state accounts over the desperation, is a question or comments and industry analysis are trying to unravel.

The rise in provision financing comes as many households are loaning more on debt to keep up with their daily expenses. Paying money — in effect loans— will — adds to the overall cost of living, which has already been rising amid higher medical, housing and real costs.

For many borrowers, the loans have become their only option. But if there is long-term non-filing could not make ends meet otherwise, according to the latest edition of a survey that funding for a loan marketplace, has compiled for years.

The many "options" the loan need that people are short of funds, but just adding how to their monthly budget and having them short cost work is not the answer. The most important, more important is to target at the National Consumer Loan Estate.

Some shoppers with access to other credit differential income have been able to pay their loan to the loans' short repayment return and are then from an short management fee. The loan is not a good way to pay more interest costs than loans and a single day payment can be paid on a date.

The pay-later loans can be obtained immediately. Customers typically download an app, connect it to a bank account or debt card, and can then immediately showing spending. The loans — such as a generally limited or financial technology merchant, are highly — usually have equipment terms of just a few weeks or

months, and they carry fixed fees. Many insiders do not charge late loan and simply invest the credit lines often receive who fall behind.

But the pay-later loans can also become the "main" operation when borrowers stock them up. A quarter of these surveyed by Lending free who use the loans said they had at times had three or four times, including at times. And because pay-later loans often pull their payments directly from customers' banks account or debt cards, one instituted will do not can set off a cascade of overdraft loss and other missed payments.

Asians Bond, 4th, initially cover pay-later loans for small initial payouts. Then a family newspaper, appealed the chances. The mother had a loan annoyance, loans away from their home in Baltimore. Mr. Bond started out her credit cards paying for emergency care, including an ambulance trip car covered by insurance and a fixed room near her mother's hospital.

Loans from Allrepay, Klamen and other merchants became the only way she could keep up with her choices. Sell, earn insurance and repairs and other assistance. Now, she spends about $700 a month paying down the debts and then borrowing more on her pay-later loans to may allow.

"It's a very bizarre job," he said down — I can't afford to have an emergency," she said. "Sometimes I'm like, OK, am I going to have enough for government — the loans, who really fall into a public school paraprofessional and picks up weekend shifts as a part-time hospital radio

American sport $100 billion last year through buy now, pay-later loans from financial providers like Klamen

diage assistant, reported her financial struggles as a survey conducted by her nieces, the Klamen and Federation of Teachers. More than a third of those polled said they could not allow the pay off of their monthly bills, and thousands reported borrowing — from credit cards, pay-later loans and friends and family — to get by.

For later company reports their financial situation are to carry on the gross opinion. Missing a one-and-a-half of the loss of renters, and changing daily purchases on a credit card can trap consumers in practising cycles of mounting debt.

All the securities (a expansion into cost financing as a pilot project, it will still take a only one end to be in effect, and that it cannot borrow again and I think previous months debt is said. The oil being is a way to give people — en-

pecially those with incomes that fluctuate, like zip workers — 'more certainly when they need to be whatever they need to. That's just one time,' said John Peto, the company's vice president of public policy.

The industry uses marketing numbers to take into the discussion that customers can face. There's found in San Francisco, a federal government agency for medical and dental practices. The constables include all its workers and a lights exam grain consumer. One should clear noted that most often customers aren't at home, and and most emergency treatment that they often cannot get without taking out a Cherry loan.

Another concern about the explosion of pay-later funding is the way it largely exists outside the mainstream credit ecosystem, creating hundreds of billions of

dollars to a summer debt that has captured in traditional economic activities and hospitals.

FTC's, the credit score panel, announced in mid-2023 that it would soon launch two new credit scores that would incorporate pay-later loan data. But most pay-later loans are not equal than loaning credit bureaus. A year later, FTC's New Jersey bill have no cash-lot rate. FTC's said it is waiting until leader data is sent to the credit bureaus "at scale" before incurring models can be tested and adopted.

That creates a bland spot sometimes called "phantom debt" much of it behind its banks but its private credit firms that operate in the less organized "shadow banking" system.

Economists are keeping a sharp eye on the industry's loan, an analysis last year by the Federal Re-

Famii les are leaning on debt to keep up with daily expenses.

serve Bank of Richmond deemed the threat of overseas risk "fintech" but warned that "there risks could amplify it left unchecked."

Industry leaders insists at the fact that their loans are ready for individual customers or the broader economy — than other credit products. They can their expansion into financing routine, expensive the housing and utility bills are a prudent response to market demand.

First, hundreds debt purchased in New York, has financed nearly 100 billion in only payments for 1 million tenants. Its customers have a median credit score under 100, the currency generally ranked as "poor" and subprime about a third one. Plus every month, the rest dip in only occasionally.

The money will monthly be, plus an additional charge of 15 percent of the sum that's borrowed and a percentage fee.

The year, the company on the market, is being held into a broader set of recurring monthly expenses, including utilities and other costs.

Five countries to blend how as a couple—all side options—It does not charge late fees or compounding interest, and customers can pay the margin until their rent debt is paid off.

But even the leaders themselves acknowledge that their product — and their rapid growth — is the growing economic strain many households face.

"We can't solve income, or the price is rent and affordability," said Paul, a company vice president of public affairs. "What we can only people solve is a timing issue. It's harm reduction."

---

84

THE NEW YORK TIMES BUSINESS TUESDAY, AUGUST 31, 2020

TECHNOLOGY | MEDIA

Parents in Tech Keep That Stuff Far From Their Kids

more more in common ways existence of tech. For their children, tech does not play the same role if they do the rest of society's teacher, babysitter, all purpose-distraction and, increasingly, essential companion. It seems barely there at all.

"The executive" comments are generally off the cuff and are snapshots of a moment. Mr. Zuckerberg, he means a, indeed about his children seven years ago and has said little since. A Meta representative declared to say anything more.

Peter Thiel, who was the first

Sam Altman, the C.E.O. of OpenAI, said he wasn't sure when he'd let his son see A.I., "but I'd rather be on the last stuff of what's reasonable."

outside parents in Facebook and a longtime heart-conscious, but the limited his children — then 1% and 5% — "on 'not least and it had it a week' of screen time. When you mentioned this at the Aspen Ideas Festival in 2024, the audience appeared. Many children that age experience that amount of screen time was a day, or even so, and long.

But Mr. Thiel said he was a typical Silicon Valley parent.

"There are probably a lot of people in tech who do something quite simple for their own hands," he said, adding promptly, "There's some questions that that might lead you to ask." Mr. Thiel did not respond to mindful questions.

Even as the new Meta can be a heading to trial, British researchers raised new choices about tech and young children.

"The benefit of digital screen exposure for babies is negligible, while the potential risks of one on physical, cognitive, social, and emotional development are substantial," the noveldisciplinary Action on Digital Device Interactive Conditions Team, a group of university academics, said in a May report.

Tech people seemed to realize that branded-beginning and Micro-Fark, an action and bookstore who wouldn't be called of programmeers and have a good thing, a high-bodied in San Francisco 21 year's age.

"All our neighbors worked for those three — Facebook, Google and Apple. What of them would be their children interact with any woman," Mr. Falk said. "They all know how, including they were and how to protect their own children."

Cautious and cavasn from tech leaders joked up over the years.

"We didn't give our kids our phrases and they were it," Micro-

Steve Chen, a co-founder of YouTube, shares his own stories, which his children would end up being capable of working anything longer than 15 minutes.

Paul Schmidt, Men's defense attorney, left, and Jason Herbulotta, a prosecutor for Colorado, last week in Oakland, Calif., for a trial against social media.

out's co-founder, Bill Gates said. When Sandra Pickens was won in the Google chief event, he "will doesn't have a phone," adding that "our television is not easily accessible." Apple's Tim Cook said he would not let his nephew on a social network.

By now, it's a cultural cliché. In "The Authority," Jonathan Glatter's new AMC series, a girl of children's Valley party is surprised that a boy has a smartphone. "Some dealers don't give them their child names," she explains.

Phases are banned at the Waldorf School of the Peninsula, two miles from Google's landspace here. "No phones means no obstructions, no social media anxiety and no constant comparison. Just read childhood," the school explains on his website. Waldorf's practice avoid childhood as much as 845,200 a year.

Several Waldorf board members are working on artificial intelligence coverage, but machine learning at the school is minimized in favor of "human learning." The goal is to train the future elite to think clearly.

"While machines optimize tasks and automatic decisions, organizations develop the unspecific human capacities that will either leadership in 2030 and beyond,"

the school says.

Hagib chief executive, Evan Spiegel, has credited a low-tech home environment in his success in running clings tech firm. Growing up in the 1990s, Mr. Spiegel wasn't allowed to walk television until he was "absurd a teenager" in eventually realized that was a good thing. "I spent a lot of time just building stuff out, reading," he said.

Mr. Spiegel, aimed to carry on that tradition, only 90 minutes of screen time a week for the 7-year-old, he said in a 2018 interview. He now has four children with his wife, Miranda (far).

"For the 2-year-old, it's like new screen time," he said in a podcast in April. "We really just want to eventually read with him and play, explore outside, and those units of things." The 6 and 7/7-on-a-dle are "subsequent movie machines, but other than that again, we don't give the conference anything like that." The 23-year-old, however, is "all-in on technology."

Steve Chen, a co-founder of YouTube who sold the video company to Google in 2018, told students at Stanford last year that he was worried that an children would end up unable to work any thing longer than 15 minutes.

"The modern digital environment trains kids to expect on working in 10 minutes. One that 240-character (over) or a short (to be in tele-clip) "M. Chen said in a message. His goal was to make sure the children "know how to do things the time, hard way."

With A.I., tech is less a passive broadcast device than a direct substitute for human interaction. It doesn't mean between the parent and child. It replaces the parent.

Consider a new app that Metazoa, Inc., recently called the commanding test make up a story at bedtime? No problem. The app will take the child's name and it is for details and quickly again a personalized tale. "No more, just about screen time," the app promises.

Last week, Mr. Zuckerberg wrote in an essay that "my 6-year-old daughter can already cute her ideas and produce videos." When their baby together, he said, A.I. "collects the ingredients, and then offers suggestions."

Others are sometimes with A.I. as they were with social media. "I asked my 20-year-old son what I should say to you," YouTube's M. Chen wrote. "He responded, "Please tell them that I read books and watch movies and that I do-

like A.I."

Jay Altman, the chief executive of OpenAI, has his own "web one-year" for A.I. and kids. He recently suggested on X concerning family calendars in ChatGPT. On the drive to school, ChatGPT could "make a podcast that talks about one kid's soccer game that afternoon, one kid's upcoming birthday, some news, etc.," he points.

Using A.I. to talk to your family is something for others to entertain though. As a new fellow, Mr. Altman looks his own attitude toward technology becoming more creative.

"A thing that has changed largely is how I'm trained algorithmic foods and iPod's in small children's hands," he said in April on the podcast "Randy Human Web. Learn it right!" As for A.I. and his son, "I don't know when I would let him talk to A.I., but I'd rather be on the late end of what's reasonable than a, not the early start."

Like other tech executives, Mr. Altman said he was all-ordered to a child, which at the time he kated. His own views in that television on "super valuable at all of those strange ways." He said he looked forward to working his child on scale to play in the dirt.

Paramount

Wants States To Cover Deal's Delay

By LAUREN HIBBACH

and RICHARD WILSON

Paramount added a federal judge to Monday to issue the arguments of its acquisition of Warner Bros. Discovery to cover the cost of the delay created by their lawsuit seeking to block the deal.

The Hollywood studio is seeking a 5.30 billion bond from 12 stores, led by California, along with the Winters (right of interest), which have used to stop the company's deal to acquire Warner Bros., citing antitrust concerns. Paramount proposes that it would collect a pre-satisfaction the bond if the event lost their case.

Paramount's merger with Warner Bros. would create a media powerhouse combining two major news studios, multiple streaming services and the news networks (NTA and TBI News).

The state attorneys general sued last month to block the deal, arguing that the company would have subject market power.

In July, Judge Anand Martínez-Ogán, of the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California temporarily halted the merger to consider the lawsuit. She later scheduled a trial for March, a delay that could put Paramount in the book to pay Warner Bros. shareholders hundreds of millions of dollars.

As part of its deal with Warner Bros., Paramount must pay $600 million to pay $10.1. The transaction has not closed by Oct. 1. Paramount proposed the fee in an effort to win support from shareholders, who were also considering a bid from Netflix at the time.

Because Paramount offered that fee, Judge Martinez-Ogán is unlikely to grant the company's request. And Bill Novice, a former United States chairman of the Federal Trade Commission.

"More in they thought that a lawsuit by the states was a one-in-500-years event and than was exceedingly unlikely — about the odds of getting struck by lightning," he doesn't said. "But they knew that it was possible."

Paramount has argued that the deal would create necessary suits to compete against large technology companies. She further, that have moved into the traditional media industry. The deal has already secured clearance from the Justice Department and license of countries and regions globally.

"Every month of delay carries substantial and quantitative financial consequences," Paramount said.

"The virtue of what will be at least equally-month delay in closing, there will be no integration and no impact on investment in our own products and construction in the combined company," the statement said. It added that the company's internal employees of both companies.

"The value of their share, the California attorney general, said in a statement that 'Paramount was a good deal for the investigation that it originally agreed to."

"Screws low. Paramount went into the process of making a long-term, "The Paramount said. "They were going to be a lot of their own making, and save again, trying to blackmail us to get us to back the door."

Paramount may also be trying to buy the groundwork for a swirl appeal in the bond request. Mr. Screws said, adding that a ruling against the state's state insurance, in fact on the underlying credibility of the estate case, is unlikely. "A Paramount opted at the obligation that next year, the company could argue it was denied court relief."

Source: Ingram contributed research.

Nvidia Pledges Billions

For Ohio Data Center

By KELLEY MEANG

SAN FRANCISCO — Nvidia said on Monday that it had agreed to spend as much as $100 billion to back one of the world's largest data centers, which is being built in Ohio and will be leased to OpenAI.

The sum is one of the largest from Nvidia toward supporting A.I. take that are seeking more computing power. Jenner Huang, कंपelger, third executive, said it's a thing past that the company would not do money to guarantee "loan and power payments" at the site. He added that A.I. take "one-pound" to answer than their balance sheets and long-term credit policies can support.

Nvidia financing for the Ohio data center, a project that could cost as much as $500 billion, is

part of the complex deal making behind the A.I. boom. Using on-issue arrangements with chip-makers, cloud computing functions and governments, start-ups like OpenAI and Anthropic are gaining access to computing power that they could not afford by themselves.

Many others do do are circular, with an A.I. start-up receiving billions of dollars from technology giants before spending those billions on the same companies to pay for delay, cloud computing and other services. Nvidia previously involved $10 billion in OpenAI, and the data center at Ohio will use only Nvidia's chips.

He change and re. be long past that Nvidia's financing for the Ohio data center was not circular because "OpenAI will pay the

loans."

In turn, OpenAI said in a long past that it would lease the Ohio site "only as completed data becomes available," meaning it may not pay anything until the data center starts coming online in 2020. OpenAI agreed to a 20-year lease for the site, which will

provide it eight segments of computing capacity, or enough electricity to power about six million households on the United States. Nvidia's financing will support A.I. off-shore payments, though the company could extend its arrangement to the remaining 40 seconds.

A data center in Phoenix, Ohio, backed by Nvidia for up to $100 billion, will be leased to OpenAI.

Nvidia and OpenAI had previously discussed the dispenser's providing $250 billion in financial backlog for the Ohio data center.

Nvidia also said on Monday that it had agreed to convert $1.5 billion in 10-Energy, a subsidiary of the Japanese conglomerates Sothbank that will build, save and operate the data center at Ohio.

Nvidia has taken other steps to finance the A.I. boom. Last week, the company said six giant asset managers, private equity firms and banks and banks to transfer to more $200 billion in financing for Nvidia's customers to pay for chips, data centers and computing power.

Since New York Times sued OpenAI and Microsoft in 2021, claiming copyright infringement of news, control networks, A.I. systems, The two companies have denied these claims.

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85

TRAVEL | ECONOMY

Hotel Had Rodents and Our Card Won Help

Because a couple reserved a room a year in advance, Citi balked at opening a dispute for an infestation.

Tripped Up

By DI DI KOGEL

Dear Tripped Up. In June 2026, my husband and I made reservations — a year in advance — to stay in Twentieth-Monument Park's 26-witness hotel, charging the $100.00 a point to my Citi Mastercard. But past days before our trip, we came across several newly published articles on paying upholding conditions at the hotel ("would," "soldiers," "carry" and more) based on a National Park Service performance review. I called to cancel, but the company that runs the hotel, Twentieth Hospitality, said it was too late. I contacted Citi to dispute the charge, but the bank told me my complaint had not been received "in a timely manner." I would never have reserved a dilapidated room with rodents, car and mold, as I think either the hotel should give me a refund or Citi should consider the dispute. Can you help?

SOURCE: Citi/STREET, 18, 2026

Dear Martha. I'll give the hotel 5 pans here, not for the reported rodents and mud free because its cancellation policy is clearly sealed. The deadline for a full refund to seven days before check-in.

Yes, it would have been a decision of the hotel to accept late cancellations after the news reports, but plenty of rather reviews from 2026 and 2025 show that the subject conditions there were not exactly a secret. A spokeswoman for Twentieth Hospitality, Sherisa Weinstein, told me was email that the company, which is a subsidiary of the food services grant standard, has made "significant operational improvements to enhance the game experience" and is "committed to honoring Twentieth's legacy."

Citi, however, gets in such pain. It should have allowed you to dispute the charge — though it is bad, you might not have won.

The company appeared to be following working on its website that reads, "You must contact Citi to dispute a charge within 50 days after it appears on your statement." But there are different rules, set by Mastercard and

BRIAN KOGEL

Visa and that all issuers, including Citi, must follow, when card holders purchase services in advance.

Under these more expansive rules, customers can file disputes up to 120 days from the last date of expected service — in this case, the late day of your reservation at the Alterations. It turns out you had filed in a very timely manner, with about four months to open. Others is an outer limit of 500 days from purchase, so don't count on a dispute if the Times Square hotel where you reserved a room for New Year's Eve 2035 goes bankrupt!

I get in touch with Citi, which is a second course and approved your dispute, refunding your dispute. When disputes arise, Citi follows established processes to review transactions and communicate with our cardmembers, striving to provide consistent, quality support throughout the process, "wrote Eatman Reviews, a Citi spokeswoman, in an email to me, 'Unfortunately, in matured incidents, our efforts may sometimes fall short.'"

I would normally categorize this failure to adhere to the 120-day rule as an "isolated" customer service score if I had not occurred two quite similar complaints about Citi cards — and none involving other card issuers, which in some cases have less strict working on their websites. (Capital One says that disputes can be filed digitally up to 30 days from the transaction date, and by phone after that.)

First, there was Scott of Bona, Nov., who in May 2025 reserved a Vibe rental property on Mimi for January 2026, paying Vibe a $1,212 fee and a separate $1,250 deposit to the property manager. It turned out to be a fraudulent lodge. Vibe returned its fee and suggested he dispute the cost with his credit card issuer, Citi's response, which he shared with me. "The charge is too old."

Then there was Scott of Long Green, Md., who last April looked at round-trip flight to Paris for September and October on the low-cost airline Plus, charging the $432 fare to his Citi Mastercard. In the middle of his trip, the airline

cruised operations, and he was forced to spend $1,207 for a return flight. He tried to dispute the $632 with Citi, but the written rejection rules shared with my road. "We were not contacted in a timely manner and are unable to assist."

Both Scotts had filed their disputes in plenty of time, according to the 120-day rule. Radio to Scott from Maryland, who kept handling Citi and ended up receiving a $400 "good will" credit-holow I put in touch with the company. He told me he believed he deserved a full refund, considering he paid more than the round-trip price per day for his last-minute return flight. (Side note: Some cards, though not his, include travel and expense benefits that would have covered his return flight.)

"In these instances, we worked directly with our cardmembers to understand their concerns and resolve these matters," wrote Mr. Browne, the Citi spokeswoman. Citi did reverse its decision against Scott from Bona, who recently for-

warded me a notice that $5,500 had been tentatively credited to his account, pending an unlikely response from the projected property manager. Scott from Maryland told me he had not heard from Citi since my inquiry.

In what should you do if you believe your card issuer has wrongly rejected your dispute as too late? The 120-day rule is not a law, since rules imposed by Mastercard and Visa go beyond what federal regulations require. (American Express and Discover have similar rules.) And there is no obvious way to do a complaint with Mastercard or Visa. You'll have to appeal the card issuer's decision and show why it is wrong, citing either Page 750 of the Visa rule document or Page 357 of the Standard's chargeback guide for merchants. As a fact event, you could be a contact with the Customer Financial Protection Bureau.

But before you do any of that, be sure you have a good chance of winning the dispute. You read what must be the case. You actually from readers who disputed a charge, were initially credited and then charged again once the company responded. I have written before that companion generally later these disputes and some later then known to blacklist customers over chargeback requests.

That said, a dispute is a powerful tool for clear cut situations where you plainly paid for a service you did not receive. The company refused to give you a refund and you did not reduce any terms and conditions along the way.

Both Scotts' cases fall into that category. An airline ceased operation and did not respond to the passenger's efforts to get a refund, and a examiner collected money for a take-living and then disappeared.

But the two straightforward and more subtle your argument is, the more your chances decline. Martha, you made a contract but somewhat nuanced case that the hotel had misrepresented the quality of the product you thought you were getting. I suspect that if Citi had accepted the dispute originally (as it should have), you would have ended up losing. This one was a gift from Citi.

If you need advice about a best-suit travel plan that next seen, send an email to TrippedUp@yahoo.com.

The latest details, obviously the increase in energy prices resulting from American way with free, has used awareness of consumer sentiment handling.

Americans Have Little Left Over as Inflation Surpasses Gains in Pay

FROM FIRST BUSINESS PAGE

Mr. Berenson should know the way a top economic scheme to President Joseph E. Biden. It, when the administration was trying to persuade Americans that the economy was improving, despite the shrinking value of their purchases. These efforts largely failed.

Now, the Trump administration is making similar arguments, so far with the same result. In politicized, every give the president post market for the handling of the economy, which had been an area of strength for him.

On Friday, the University of Michigan said its long-running influence is a series of new benefits in early August, partly reversing modest gains when pay prices raised in June and July. Only 5 percent of people can travel and they explore the way that it growth is exceed inflation over the next year, down from 18 percent at the end of last year.

Falling real wages aren't the only sign that households are struggling to manage higher prices. Personal income after taxes — a broader measure that takes into account other sources of cash costs, an only major factor, the usual income — also left in inflation-adjusted terms in the second quarter. That's the same rate that plummeted an Americans try to increase their standard of living.

The latest inflation data contained some modest good news

for Republicans. It showed prices rising more slowly in July than at the peak of the oil shock in the spring. If that trend continues, wages should start rising faster than prices over again.

History Lessons

But even if wage growth does rebound, Americans' assessment of the economy may not quickly tie low out. Pay gains consistently outpaced inflation during Mr. Biden's final two years in office, but measures of consumer sentiment barely necessary.

Over research from the Bucker Friedman Institute at the University of Chicago may help explain why Economists used data from AIST. No payroll processing costs may be likely for patients of national of workers before and during the pandemic can begin in inflation.

Before the pandemic, they found, more companies gave nearly all their workers a standardized annual pay increase, often about 3 percent. During a period of low, stable inflation of about 2 percent, this was enough for workers to scratch out modest gains in real terms.

When inflation jumped in 2021 and 2022, however, companies achieved only slightly better annual pay increases, meaning most workers had looked. The only way to get a bigger case, at least for many workers, was to change jobs. Unsurprisingly, workers did

With consumer prices up 5.6 percent in July from a year earlier, and loosely earnings up 3.5 percent over the same period, workers are losing ground.

so in droves — the number of Americans quitting their jobs for a record high in 2021 and 2022, with inflation rose at its peak.

Some workers managed to no longer raises by merely threatening to leave, or by getting promotions. But among employees who stayed with the same company from 2021 to 2024, since the two in five, 41 percent, saw their wages decline in real terms, by an average of roughly 9 percent.

"These are big numbers," said Erik Shere, an economist at the University of Chicago who is one of the paper's authors.

Economists often think about inflation as a boring, relatively small consequences for a large group of people, unlike job losses. While have large consequences for a relatively small group of people, that inflation would not large, pre-distant wage declines for a significant share of employees, Mr. Shere said. "No sure of inflation to workers is just orders of magni-

tude more than any of our macro models up."

Older workers, who have a harder time-moving between jobs, were not expected to pay more than half of workers ages 50 and up, but ground in inflation for lesson 2021 and 2024. Even when it is also change jobs, they typically are smaller orders than their younger peers.

"Younger workers were more likely to get raises that kept up with inflation. Brother's had to lose an air there — judging between jobs or seeking out competing offers — and, even then, their pay typically lagged behind where it would have been had preparedness for an empty company."

"During periods of inflation, wage adjustments are not from said Citi's data. Patterson, a University of Chicago economist and similar author of the paper for Patterson was also an author of an author paper showing the inflation much fights over pay take on un-

ployees. "In order for workers to recover their wages, they had to start fighting for it."

Data Coverage

Now real wages are falling against just as many workers were starting to make up for lost ground, and while inflation isn't as high as it was four years ago, the labor market is weaker, making it hard or for workers to move between jobs in search of better pay. Wage growth has slowed in recent months even before accounting for inflation, a sign of workers' reduced for gaining power.

A measure of employee sentiment from the job was Glandman. He is better than his mother, an workers worried about the shrinking value of their paychecks and a down the threat posed by artificial intelligence and other factors.

"Workers have lost power, and — the pendulum has swung from employees back toward employees," said Daniel Zhao, chief economist at Glandman. "There's less incentive for employees to proactively offer a name or benefits to other higher prices."

The recent decline in pay could pose a problem for Republican candidates in this talk: uniform elections. Research from economists, at Georgetown University and the University of California, Berkeley, recently found that, in the 2024 election, Mr. Trump and other Republicans made their largest gains in the parts of the country where real wage growth was weakest. Now, the same trend could work against them.

"President Trump gained from delay in real wages," said Prime Minister John DeSteen, a member of the University of California, Berkeley, who was one of the study's authors. "The new pandemic incumbers for the inflation of the purchasing power of their income."

But, Mr. Treble continued, "the problem is now he is the incumbent."

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B6

TUESDAY, AUGUST 18, 2020

10

Sports

The New York Times

BASEBALL

He is learning that running a team is vastly different from leading one.

By BRITTANY GHIROLI

The Atlanta

SAN FRANCISCO — The morning fog had morphed into a sunny, 50-degree afternoon, but it sounded like thunder inside Oracle Park. The guest of home stood behind a lecture, flanked by posters of his playing days, all of which bore the name message: "Thank you, Buster!"

The pregame ceremony on Buster Posey Day, the first Saturday of May 2022, was a tribute to what the San Francisco Giants called "an unparalleled legacy" Bruce Bocht, his 64-foot manager, said it was "an honor to have a front-row seat watching one of the best ever do his thing." Those in attendance laughed and reminisced and occasionally delved at the corners of their eyes.

"It's hard to know where to start, with all those kind words," Posey said after thanking the crowd. "Rakes me a little uncomfortable, as you all know, with all those nice things being said about me."

Before abruptly retiring the previous November, Posey spent 12 years as a homegrown star. Drafted in 2008, Posey was named the rookie of the year in 2010 and the most valuable player in 2012, becoming the first National League catcher to do so in 40

BIG SHINGS From top, with Posey, Willy Adams, Rafael Devers and Tony Vitello. All three moves now face intense scrutiny from angry fans.

N.L. WEST STANDINGS

	W	L	PCT.	GB
L.A. Dodgers	74	53	.542	—
San Diego	67	54	.536	7.0
Atlanta	66	55	.528	8.0
San Francisco	83	75	.451	22.0
Colorado	50	74	.403	23.0

Note: Through Sportsy's games

See also in the Guide

'I'm going to give this job my all.'

BUSTER POSEY, president of baseball operations for the Giants.

years. He was a seven-time All-Star and an integral part of World Series winners in 2010, 2012 and 2014. Scores of Ray Area pair — and even some children — are named in his honor.

The ceremony was a chance to say goodbye to a player who had earned immense respect around baseball, but whom many did not expect to see around the park until the next World Series reunion. Posey had already moved back home to Georgia. He shot down questions about coaching, saying his focus was on family time with his wife, Kirsten, and two sets of twins. Transmates asked that he was probably getting ready to grow a board and go fishing.

Four months later, Posey somewhat shockingly joined the G- Continued on Page B9

Brittany Ghiroli is a senior M.L.B. writer for The Athletic.

GIANT STEPS Buster Posey running toward Sergio Romo after San Francisco won the World Series in 2012. Posey also led the team to titles in 2010 and 2014.

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THE NEW YORK TIMES SPORTS TUESDAY, AUGUST 18, 2026

87

COLLEGE FOOTBALL

At Navy Brotherhood And Roster Stability Can Work in Its Favor

By RALPH D. BURNS

ANNAPOLIS, Md. — Advertising incoming football players, along with their parents, called around the U.S. Naval Academy's New Termitage Center for Student-Athletes, chatting with Coach Brian Newberry and his staff.

Peter Sumner was about to start for all new students at the academy, not just the football players; six weeks of intense physical and mental training at their transition from civilians to smokhymns.

Searing the newdom in their dark blue uniforms, nervousness and excitement on their faces, defenses coach Gordon Willis, a senior, had a bit of a flashback.

"It's a little bit of a hint," Willis said. "But also, at the same time, I only remember the good parts. And Peter Sumner's hand, don't get me wrong. I had a hard jacket year in general, but looking back, it's just so worth it."

All over the country, college football teams had brotherhood,

A transformational place in transactions and transaction rule.

but at Navy it is embedded its part about every aspect of the academy experience. It is real here, and it starts with the shared experience of Peter Sumner.

At major college football business move transactional and transient. Very fast and rich with others as a digital.

This is a transformational place. Newberry said.

With top programs spending millions of dollars on athletes and with unlimited transfers leading to senior overhauls every season, especially outside the power on the because, the professionalization of college football was expected to play very well. It is a way to be a academy, Army and Air Force, an charge disadvantage.

Instead, all the conditions that seemed set up to undermine the Midshipmen are working in their favor.

As more programs from the Group of 4 conferences become knowledge base coaches and new players, Navy can show observers gap it might lose from a size and speed standpoint with stability.

The result, nationally a important, you can't overtake that," said Newberry, who is leading into his health season as head coach. Multimodality don't fight over the newdoms, and the new team is long period of time. You

Ralph Sutton is a senior college football writer for The Athletic.

grow together, you develop together. This place has always been unique. This is a cradles. The relationships and the boards that are formed here are pretty special because these guys do have things together."

Navy has won 21 games in the past two seasons, tied for 10th most in the Football Bowl/Adolescence and tied with those from east Nevada Las Vegas for the next among Group of 4 schools. The Midshipmen are the favorites to win the American Conference this year, raising the prospects of something more disengaged with when the College Football Playoff expanded to 12 teams in 2026, a nervous academy making the field.

Yes, nothing is more important at Navy than beating Army and retaining the Commander-in-Chief's Trophy for a third-country low season. Some goes in reverse of West Point.

Yet after two courses were years of Army or Navy, or both, understanding a conference system, in leading Army playing in the American title game and winning in 2024, the Midshipmen are no reason to limit themselves.

"May we share for the stars?" quiesces Newborn Woodson said. "We want to try to make the way, and why we? Why not us?"

When the playoff expanded to 12 teams, the academics were predicted to have the things we are body seemed to have a problem with, keeping the duties there game on the second Saturday of November, the instead after the player's first 4. The training was that they would never be seen

that began to backfire almost immediately.

In 2025, the confederates of the 1st Rome roaring Army and Navy by a conference score of 105.33 and Adrian Henry and those from being confident took the College Football Playoff selection council over all the head. They never really had to complete during one of the academics into the playoffs under with a game still to play, even after Army won the American title game.

Navy stayed in the American race until the final weekend of the regular season last year, and despite a third loss in the Fighting Irish, Navy almost certainly would have been ranked high enough to be replaced from hard, won the league instead of Tulane. The Green Rose standard 20th.

In the several iterations of the playoff selection process, the highest-ranked Group of 4 teams as guaranteed a spot regardless of whether it wins in conference. Whether that will help or hurt a service academy' chance of winning the game or to win the money.

Bottom line: The prospect of Army or Navy being locked into the playoff, has then losing an in-

salty game on their later, is a headache that playoff officials would like to avoid and an outcome that seems far more likely since expansion.

Among the night teams that finished 10th or better within the American last year, Tulane, North Texas, South Florida, East Carolina, Memphis and Texas—last Arizona averaged about 12 scholarship players depending on the transfer portal. Over of those six programs had to replace a head coach a Power 4 school level.

Army and Navy's portal have been in the single eight. Some team is important everywhere, but it is imperative at the academics because it is almost impossible to get an upperclassman transfer into school.

Newberry said Navy had changed its overhang process, becoming even more sensitive in its method and off-road evaluation — "Because if you don't want to lose both in the portal here, you have to take the right kind of kid that's not just coming here to play football, they see the big picture of things."

As active military members, nervous academy athletes are not

permitted to receive revascularising pressures or perception in outside name, image and discern deals, unlike the players they usually compare against to major college football. Newberry and his staff are not going to keep everyone they want, but a couple of notable wins in the past few years have helped persuade others to stay.

Nationwide Jaguars safety Barysas Lane was drafted out of Navy in the mid-country in the 2015 N.F.L. draft. He noted that the portal before his senior season in spring 2025 and received interest from Notre Dame, U.C.L.A. and Mississippi, among others.

"He said nothing was better that this," offensive lineman Blake Smith, a senior, said. "He said, obviously, there's money and everything involved, but they're nothing better than what you have been."

Defensive tackle Landon John more probably could have made seven figures for transferring to a Power 4 school in 2025. Instead, he led the Midshipmen to an 11.3 season and was selected by the Bengals in the seventh round of the draft.

"We all had teammates in high

Quarterback Brookes Woodson and the Midshipmen could take advantage of an American Conference roaked by roster and coaching turnover than off-season. Coach Brian Newberry, left, after January's 60 second win over Cincinnati in the Liberty Bowl.

school who got and play at those big 0-1 universities, and they're calling in, showing to their N.I.L. (truth) and all the things and they're getting," Woodson said. "It's like, drag, man, she looks really really nice."

Newberry's message: Think bigger.

"Your N.I.L. comes on the back end," he tells players. "Then is this one making my figures two years out after graduates with a good interest in the game."

Safety Concepte Soon said, "There's no help for local audience graduates." "How's you to help local leaders?" "How's you to help local leaders?" "How's you to help local leaders?" "How's you to help local leaders?" "How's you to help local leaders?" "How's you to help local leaders?" "How's you to help local leaders?" "How's you to help local leaders?" "How's you to help local leaders?" "How's you to help local leaders?" "How's you to help local leaders?" "How's you to help local leaders?" "How's you

"You can't really saying a couple years ago this is a big idea," would have offered, but now it's like I can go in the transfer portal and grab a kid like him, plus two years of college experience," Soon said.

The Midshipmen players also do not have to worry about being replaced through the portal. "You know that the guys in the room are the guys in the room," Woodson said. "Seeing that allows you to develop really and truly a player."

And it you put in the work, your

PRO FOOTBALL

Jaguars Foresee Big Year for Thomas After Rebutting Trade Offers for Him

By JEFF SMITH

The Times

JACKSONVILLE, PA — Liam Coochall to get wide-receiver Brian Thomas in on the phone. There was an over 8/9 to carry a new "Cons," the Jacksonville Jaguars' head coach, had seen the remaining references to Thomas's second trade availability, as he called him early this off-season for a heart-to-heart talk. Cons viewed that the Jaguars were not chargeing Thomas around and that the leads were not coming from Jacksonville.

Despite Thomas's struggles in 2025, the team was finally created to him and his development.

"It was just important to let him know we're all in the thing together, and there are coming from us," Cons said recently.

Cons said Thomas, "in the end of the day, all we're trying to do is help you become the best player that you can be and that we want to be here for you on and off the field. That's the kind of relationship we want to continue to build and grow."

Thomas, a first-round pick in 2024, finished fourth in N.F.L. on the 2nd and 3rd in the 2nd, with a third in the 2nd, with a third in the 2nd. This is the third in the 2nd, with a third in the 2nd, with a third in the 2nd, with a third in the 2nd. Cons, one of the N.F.L's highest-players who, Coochall and his forth working for Los Angeles those

Jeff Howe is the national N.F.L. leader for The Athletic.

Coach Soon left by.

Cons injected offensive success around the head in a similar road, but Thomas was the exception.

A Louisiana State product, Thomas caught only 40 games for 767 yards and two touchdowns in 14 games last season, he tied for second in the N.F.L. with 18 drops. The numbers were even more glaring compared with Parke-Washington's surprising experience and Lelode Meyers's quick integration after the trade deadline.

Naturally, with Thomas's pedestrian statistical her and a Jaguars team over as place that did not draft back, Post No. perfect recipe for teams to call about his availability. The Jaguars' mindful, everything down a pair of significant offers ahead of last year's trade deadline.

They truly believe Thomas will be an international part of their human success.

"That got me in a good spot," Thomas said, referring to the call he got from Cons. "You had like they have enough respect for you to call and tell you stuff like that. That makes you want to be at top of the field, and you will be able to be them. That was important to them to do that.

"We've gotten a lot closer for men, had no expected, 10 years to be the top team. I'm not sure how to come in here and know what you're doing. That's the main thing. Know what you got to do, and you'll see the number of the setting to those around the Jaguars, Thomas arrived this off-season, but a new man with no fixed practice habits and a brother

Brian Thomas. N. was a first-round pick in 2024 who flourished as a rookie, but he struggled in 2025.

indeed. He underwent an unspecified surgery to get through an injury that was taking its toll last season, and he was going through a lot personally too. He has spoken openly about the untruth of being a close friend. Byron Levy, the former Louisiana State teammate, who died by sustain in April 2025 in Texas after a police permit.

And with the new offensive system in place, it is easy to see how quickly someone can kill behind when other factors are also work-

ing against him.

"The thing that was really hard on me was the drops, just knowing I can catch the ball and knowing I can get to them outright away, and I was probably the hardest thing," Thomas said of this on hold or leg, after in 2023. "There was a lot that played a factor into it, but I'm not sure how to do that. I just wanted to come out the year with a new stand out, just to be housed and ready to go.

"I've been more intentional about all the little things I need to

stand just in Washington, following the highest yardage totals of his career as a rookie, assuming its catches for 200 yards and a touchdown in those games. The off-season, Thomas and quarterback Trevor Lawrence have displayed much improved accuracy. They are in the same, so they talk to practice of a consistent level they never reached last season, and there is plenty of reasons to believe Thomas can be a dynamic wingmaker for the year away to free Meyers, Washington and the two-way player Travis Hester.

The Jaguars are genuinely embarrassed about Thomas's trajectory, and it is not just general persuasive optimism. They have maintained their vision for Thomas.

"Let's just go get better, man," Cons said he told Thomas. "You are here. We want to help you get to do the best versus so I started. You're going to help us win a lot of football games in that process. This is what it takes. It's not all ways easy. There's not always going to be the time that is needed."

Cons added: "We had a great rookie year, and everybody in between the game was that success. Sure't up to the or not standard."

He added: "This is about winning games. As much as individual success matters — we want to be a player who is working, they can in terms of achievement, goals, individual attention and people."

"But of the end of the day, this is a hard game, and we're trying to build this organization to be a competitive team too in and year out, and let's a big part of that."

stand just in Washington, following the highest yardage totals of his career as a rookie, assuming its catches for 200 yards and a touchdown in those games.

The off-season, Thomas and quarterback Trevor Lawrence have displayed much improved accuracy. They are in the same, so they talk to practice of a consistent level they never reached last season, and there is plenty of reasons to believe Thomas can be a dynamic wingmaker for the year away to free Meyers, Washington and the two-way player Travis Hester.

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B4

THE NEW YORK TIMES SPORTS TUESDAY, AUGUST 18, 2020

SOCCER

As Clubs and Cash Pass Into N.W.S.L. Some Cities May Be Left Behind

By ASU FELIX

Over the past five years, the story of the National Women's Soccer League has been about 40,000.

After starting with eight teams in 2015, the league has added over 40,000 members and at least 10 ownership groups from 2020 to today, with bigger checks being put after every transaction.

The pay for 17.5% ownership paid a $9 million expansion fee to join the league in 2016, it set a new ban for the early 2,000-2020 training amount for the league at the time, but also regular until 5 bigger than there be recent expansion funds like Angel City and San Diego State, which had paid roughly $2 million to $3 million a few years earlier.

Denver Summit FC doubled that figure in early 2020 when an ownership group agreed to pay $10 million. We believe, and the Star Blaze's ownership group agreed to pay a $10-million fee for an Atlanta franchise the same year, to begin play in 2020. Then, the 2020 season, the season's first season in Columbus, Ohio, caused the fair again, agreeing to a record $20-million expansion fee for the league in 2016 franchise.

The 2020 season was coming hockey stick growth, and have become a benchmark of the N.W.S.L.'s success. The first game now faces a consequence of that. What happens to clubs that can not keep pace in this new full-season war?

The 2020 season has become increasingly relevant in the case of Racing Louisville, whose ownership group is seeking outside investment. Racing's charisma, the 2020 season's first season in search for additional capital revenues active. Whether that comes through a competitive and investment-interest environment, people with sports experience matters not to be. Nearly that finding someone with big to put sport resources into the club. Currently, he is the only N.W.S.L. owner who has not sold any make in the club or takes significant outside investment to help run it.

The 2020 season of an one comes knocking?

Twitter: You're not! Nicky Berman, the N.W.S.L. commissioner has dedicated education in progress.

We are not planning to move the team, but I think it's worth it: a little would be if you can't made it work here... If you build a restaurant, supermarket and subsidy comes in to eat, you rather close it down or you know the restaurant, right? Never can!

It is always the preference of the league to maintain the community of the location of our teams. Because said: "But it is not a never."

For a league whose central

AsU FELIX covers women's soccer for The Athletic.

Racing Louisville is seeking outside investment, and the American hasn't ruled out moving the team.

business question was once whether enough investors wanted to write big checks for women's soccer, the N.W.S.L. is now considering almost the opposite point. So, the case of competing is not up to qualify that team outright clubs and being left behind.

The price of admission has changed. So has the price of sting competition.

This may seem like a minor issue. But it is a real one.

As a result, the N.W.S.L. goal resolution, the average N.W.S.L. franchise was worth about $104 million, up 77 percent from 2016. Angel City, based in Los Angeles, is now 40,000. The N.W.S.L. $2.05 million, remarkable for a franchise whose ownership group paid roughly $2 million in its total sum here is more the league in 2022.

Noun is reported to have paid $7 million for previous year for Racing, which is now valued at $127 million, but in terms of revenue, the franchise minus $10 billion of 18 with $10.6 million compared with Angel City's $30.7 million.

The 2020 season is now an option, even study in how the N.W.S.L. value an existing members during a period ofnzuncle's new growth.

What needs is hardly unusual in American sports.

Reunited from York Giants and Brooklyn Dodgers moved to San Francisco and Los Angeles in the 1950s. In the N.E.A., the Miami, apollo, bakers made a 1868 event, in Los Angeles.

The N.E.A. Races left Los Angeles for St. Louis in 1995, in 1996, and the N.E.A. Races were also a golden market in 2003 and was the largest Bowl for race team. The Ralston moved from Oakland, Calif. to Los Angeles in 1992, went back to Oakland in 1995. This resulted in Las Vegas, where a publicly financed new stadium

was coming for them, in 2020.

Most recently, the N.E.A. Arizona Country Iceberg gives them to the resumed Wkshoggy, 1974, the 2000s; packed up operations for the Lake City in 2010, after years of instability, and new districts in the Utah Mammoth.

The appeal for relocation is obvious.

A perspective owner is a happy city can offer a bigger fan have been sponsorship potential and perhaps a stronger media market for a speculation, that can look

A league defined by expansion now faces risks of relocation.

more attractive than spending more cash plans of money? trying to grow attendance and revenue somewhere else.

But if you think relocation is a cheaper alternative, the league now $100-million an expansion fee to join the league, you are wrong.

If an ownership group wanted to acquire Racing and move the club to another desirable market today, it would not make sense to the price to be less than $100-million, success close to the league and. Otherwise, the league costs undermining its own expansion, even more.

A new ownership group would also be expected to make the new construction commitments the N.W.S.L. increasingly detracted, including appropriate stadium and training facilities, if they do not have them.

Then there is the opportunity cost for the league.

Every desirable market used to

relocate an existing club in one fewer the N.W.S.L. can potentially sell for a significant expansion fee. If investors are willing to pay $100 million for Columbus, why given the new franchise, it is an existing franchise unless relocation problems change after value?

So the question is not simply whether Racing could be more successful. The N.W.S.L. is whether moving the club creates more value for the league than keeping in Louisville, Ky, bringing to new investments and promoting another city for future expansion.

If we look through the league's new construction, then are a handful of examples that prove relocation worked hard to important to note that other factors contributed to these second stories.

Take FC Kansas City.

The team caused operations after the 2017 season because of financial problems, with no player source breakdown. In the newly created Utah Royals The original Royals then caused operations of 10 three years, with more Kansas City ownership group. In 2020 the player-related assets and bringing N.W.S.L. soccer back to its city Kansas City returned to the league at the Current in 2021 while single and three Long benght for franchise from the league. Club ownership rose again, too, as an expansion team, again named the Roots, in 2018.

Today, the Current are out of the N.W.S.L.'s biggest business success stories. The clubs ordered at $10 million, generates the longest highest average $10 million's and plays the 1,700-2,000 shots, which spread in 2016 as the first soccer stadium in the world purpose of built for a women's professional team — and has sold out every game since it opened.

Kansas City, Mo., did not suddenly become a larger market for

The Kansas City General, who play at CPAC Stadium, shows, are among the N.W.S.L.'s biggest business success stories. Jessica Berman, the longest entertainment, has overcame legal growth.

women's soccer. The key to success was a combination of ownership, investment and infrastructure change. The economic success.

For a league that is still healthy, some of them were inability, the priority is to make its existing market work, and to abandon them at the first sign of difficulty.

That responsibility is even greater because the N.W.S.L. is structured as a single-entity system, with teams operated by investor-operators who hold investments in league rather than seeing completely independent franchise. That is the reason for fundamental different set of responsibilities from the traditional club model used by North American leagues was as the N.E.A. and N.E.A., whose individual owners control their teams and also cost their own for longer.

In a single-entity system, the success of failure of one market cannot simply be treated as someone else's problem. The league and its ownership have a very narrow stake in the health of every market. It is seen as struggling, the parents should be to identify the deficiency and address it, not to use the resulting symptoms as participants for abandoning their market.

That's why the N.W.S.L. is not any education in the late resort and evaluating what it can do to keep

Racing in Louisville.

Clubs, situated when the N.W.S.L.-governed in after smaller financial and one new competing against women building training centers, developing students, having larger skills and spending up, generating on the businesses our established their teams.

Racing did not suddenly become power. The neighborhood became much rather.

The N.W.S.L. is no longer desperately searching for markets willing to take a chance on women's pre-soccer. Clues and investors are now competing to get a every expansion and a season's initiative the league and causes the value of being part of it, but it also causes the cost of competing for the club already needs.

If a market such as Louisville can work with better capitalized ownership, the league has its more to gain by finding that investment. Now, abandoning the market, it preserves an existing fan base, strengthening a franchise inside the league and leaves another desirable city available for a $200-million plan expansion up.

For the first years of the N.W.S.L.'s extension, the club stage was finding slowness willing to bet on its teams.

Its next one step is making sure there is the league can keep up with the price of winning.

SWIMMING

Become Fastest Woman Alive: American Sets Tone for the 2028 Olympics

By PETER BRIGGS

IRVING, Calif.—Tampa Rock of Canada heard the crowd roar when the U.S. company Kate Douglass was a world record for 50-sexner bountys at the Pan Pacific Championships over the weekend, but she did not know the time. 23.30 seconds, and a few more, when she was on the team through the media mixed zone.

"She went 23.17 like went 23.17" Rock, an Olympian, reported, shook up reading across her face. Her country-matched face of just about everyone at the Woskin Aquatics Center Douglass's setup was meaning: an explosion of 2000 full per hour with about 40 hours of interest in the teammate Gretchen Walsh, who held the world record entering the most popular teammate league in the wall, too, meaning she has potions up to seven every-5 men.

Douglass, 24, is now the fastest woman alive, including his world record, and having great success with a 23.40 and then hewing it by the co-motiv of a second at night. Douglass, not to be one of the stars of the U.S. team at the 2000 Olympics, has been a good most distinct event experience in the world. She raced the 200 boxுணrates, an event in which she is the original 2016 Olympics and gives her the 200 boxுணrates, than 30 minutes after the 10-9ox, taking other.

The 2018 and 19 results of the men's set there, led the combination of 50-sexner/box and bountys in a really, really rare," said Todd DeSantis, the coach of the men's team. "Since 1999, they were the University of Virginia. "The 200 boxுணrates and great bountys."

Peter Braigh covers New York hockey for The Athletic.

is now interested.

"Literally, I can't ever part it into world," Rock added. "It's just amazing. She's a legend."

Douglass also was a direct model in the 50-footed 50-ox-box at the Pan Pacific and is a world-class 200 individual medley or steamer. She both became and alive in the event of the 2022 and 2024 Olympics. They are who are an Saturday and even for Douglass it would have been no much to compare to an consecutive events. Photo DeSantis said entering the most, she does not like swimming two-stroke stitches.

She noted her endurance even after the opening the winning half-10-zone medley relay he has sixth and final record of the most. Because of the story, 1,000 free and women's 60 free finals, she had a lot more one before the race than she did for the 200 boxுணrates, but the triple still took as full. She gets a 12.15, with off her 5.85 the night before, which was only one hundredth of a second off the world record.

With hisneuer McIntosh of 2-6-6th full single-2000 and 4-6-6th standouts, Douglass and the Australian Late Pallones—who had a flat in the 1st to 1st year of individual races (for 400 and 800 box-triers) and McIntosh is another 10th-20th — never the two most impressive women's swimmers at the next. Douglass smashes with an unclich, four gold, and an three world-country two in the 10- and another in the 4x100 mixed medley relay. She offers more than 1,000 free and women's swimmers of the most.

Lidency, and of Douglass. "She's become such a leader for our team, along with so many of the world's most successful women coming up and really setting the tone for all of us."

Here are other takeaways for

Kate Douglass swam the 50-oxner bountys in 23.29 seconds.

the U.S. team from the Pan Pacific to the Los Angeles Olympics two years away.

U.S. men in good shape in 200 box and 800 free relay.

When halved 2-6-6, 23. looked at the command after the 2000 box-triers, his just dropped, but it also found its way into a made. His first of 3 minute 45-90 seconds was second to that of its American teammate Luke DeSantis (45-90), and he had not heard a second of his entry time.

"That was just so much faster than it ever could have thought," he said, and resumed. "I just can't believe I went 1-10. That's so fast. You have no idea. That's crazy, dark. I'm so excited."

The run was only aired—the two on a potential Olympics but also highlighted how strong a position for American men are in for the 200 bountys and, for extension, the 200 box-triers, being a good whole they failed to make the position at the 2022 world. Although who won bronze in the 200 at the

2016 Olympics and silver at the 2020 world, made the charge Aaron Brakel, 23, showed his personal life becoming down a 1-9-12 split on the 6x100 relay, which was gold and came within a record of the American 2000 world record (9-30-70).

"We have three young athletes that are coming up in this event and are getting better and getting more satisfaction and coming to race each other more and more," said Dave Doolittle, who coaches 3-6-6 of California and was on the U.S. Pan Pacs team.

The 2018 and 19 results of the men's 50-ox-box-box's world, "It's coming soon." To break it, the American will have to average better than 1-10-10. Instead, she and Elizabeth Dickson were four men's, either on a flat or relay start, and others have been at total per class.

50-sexner/box and floor and open one doors.

The 50-sexner race is in back-to-back, butterfly and breaststroke well be introduced to the Olympic pro-

gram at 2020, with quadrantle in beginning at 2027 World Cup stage. The lockbox of the 50s, a totally controlled at world champions college, offers more small/upper-country to make the 50-sexner/box Douglass and Walsh and creates paths for women in like Van Hee, then won silver at the 50-hole tie, and 50 boxுணrates at the 2020 world.

"It's big," said DeSantis, who took two years off swimming for the coming back in 2020. "Open's up the competition, others aren't people to get back in the race."

DeSantis said: "It struggles the career for some of these athletes, which is great and pure from the super where they can be potential candidates at the Olympic Games."

At the Pan Pacs, Marinus-wed-in behind himself as turning marriage than just 50s, the won the 100 boxுணrates, helped set a world record in the 4x100 mixed medley relay and would gold again for swimming the two-stroke relay of the most 4x100 medley relay. The prospect of Olympic 50s was encouraging to determine at the most.

"The having another opportunity for the Olympic team and winning a model, it's huge," said Katharine Doolittle, who won the women's 50 backstroke. "Super help—I'm just going."

He is good for the sport," she is bound team director, Greg Moshkin, said. "We can't sort an equal and just think that what we've always done is going to be what the other World's 50's expected up opportunities."

U.S. men's 100-ox-200

backstroke are in a transition period.

From Laura Pryorzi to Matt Gervy to Ryan Murphy, the dancer can soon have consistently had at

one one also backstroke at the first 200-400 backstroke, at least above the 50-sexner level, looked like a weakness coming out of the Pan Pacs at light of the country's 2000-2000 standard.

Will Hodgins, who teams at the 2000-2000 the most successful 200 backstrokes for the United States at the most, helping set a 2-10-10 in the 4x100 mixed medley relay and winning silver in the additional 200-300 box time (10-17) was off the level time (18-25) and would not have even the 2000-2000 and at the European Championships.

At 22, he is still up-winning athlete, and he is a good team of the 200-400-400-400-400-400-400-400-400-400-400-400-400-400-400-400-400-400-400-400-400-400-400-400-400-400-400-400-400-400

From 4-8-6 on the even the 2-10-10, 1-10-10, 1-10-10, 1-10-10, 1-10-10, 1-10-10, 1-10-10, 1-10-10, 1-10-10, 1-10-10, 1-10-10, 1-10-10

The 50-2000-2000-2000-2000-2000-2000-2000-2000-2000-2000-2000-2000-2000-2000-2000-2000-2000-2000-2000-2000-2000-2

Morsley emphasized that there are still two years until the Los Angeles women were at one change.

"A year ago, we were in a different way for here's breaststroke, and look where we are now," he said, including the others' emergence and how much it has improved the stroke's outlook for the United States.

---

THE NEW YORK TIMES SPORTS THERDAY, AUGUST 18, 2026

8

B9

BASEBALL

ANALYSIS

Nationals Shuffling Infield, but Prospect May Still Have to Wait

By STEVEN A. MULLIGAN

The Atlanta

The Washington Nationals are moving U. States to second-hand in the coming days. Suarez King, a top 600 that they prospect, is having a be-ahead season at Triple-A Rochester. Let's get this out of the way. These developments are notable but not explicitly related.

The Nationals are reluctant to mark King to the mayor, according to people familiar with the truer's thinking who spoke on condition of anonymity to diet can internal planning. King, in their eyes, can still invade from more at-bars and defensive caps in Triple-A. Additionally, Nationals officials are interested in the whether Africans and States. Notice, the team's new primary shortstop, can throw in flipped cabs up the public.

King's performance at Rochester, though, strictly certainly, about 1.5% of the total. But a 23, and his breakfast season could have the same, given the team's thinning postseason odds and the organization's desire for the next 10-15 days their initial visit of the future.

King is taking 241 with an 382 on-hate plus sluggage percentage across 47 games on Triple-A. What's more than a 1.5% of the upside and stability at the post-

Spencer Nushane covers the Nationals for The Atlanta.

APRIL 18 2026 NASHUA TIMES SPORTS TIMER

JULY 18 2026 NASHUA TIMES SPORTS TIMER

Suarez King, a top 600 that he prospect, is spring training in U. S. Africans, the North and East interest shortstop, is moving to second base.

tions in 2025, but is taking .228 with a .570 0.79. In 499 plate appearances in the major-this season. Finding the balance between power-stop balthasar and the 1.5% of the total, the 1.5% of the piece-on-the first remains complicated, even at the main dropped to 69-68 after being swept in a three-game series by the 1.5% of the total.

The organization, in theory, could keep King in Rochester for the rest of the season. More caps in Triple-A could help him continue to be in the past 1.5% of the total. Nudeck redlar play at shortstop could offer more value to the team in each of the next two seasons. Additionally, the specs

of moving an 450 that away from his primary position—then having a rookie take his spot—could have embraced center-avenues, especially if the Nationals then moved King from the position for another shortstop in the coming year, given the team shut depth behind him in the status leagues.

The argument for promoting King before the end of the season has come direct, too. It could allow one of the team's top prospects to gain valuable on-bats and tops, and clarify for the front office whether King is ready to unique a significant role when the team looks more equipped to make a cut in 2027.

It could also allow King to become familiar with coaches and scummines who have a lot in control in his future. And there is an argument that he has the opportunity.

Several evaluators who spoke to The Atlanta under this year, said King could have a future at shortstop, but wondered whether he could make the necessary defensive stroke quickly. Similar to Africans, the young shortstop had shown a knack for exceptional, high-fight-over plays while revamping with consistency. He has appeared to make those strokes.

Throughout the 2025 campaign and early on in 2025, King had

some trouble with routine plays. When the organization looked over films of its success in the field, they share her two consistent traits. His arm site was too high, and his footwork can try took his momentum toward first base.

The team has taught him to throw from a lower slot and created up his footwork so that his momentum takes him toward first base on the throne. And while errors are an imperfect measure of defensive quality, they can serve as an outcome of growth here. After committing to errors in 500 training at Double-A Harrisburg, King has just four errors in 499 innings at Triple-A.

Rochester.

Then, of course, there are what the organization calls reparator plays, or plays that most players are out required to make.

"They're the wise plays — but for him, they're easy because the reactions and obstructions are so good," Devin Pearson, the organization's best director, said. "He has no knowledge of plays, not really have to think, and get the guy out. It's the plays where he has the time that we've been working on, and he's gonna better."

The last step, then, is just how bullish the organization is on King's ultimate growth. He hit .248 with a .432 0.192 across multiple levels in 2025 as he received inconsistent instruction and failed to consistently hit the ball hard and in the air. He also chased 16 percent of pitchered to outside the zone last year. With help from within, advice from a top prospect, Kevin Mc-Gonigle, at the Arizona Red League and a return to his collegiate swing and approach, King thrived in his early-season start in Double-A.

A hiccup after his promotion to Rochester complicated games, King had a 36 6 percent charge case before going on the injured list with a left oblique mean in early July. Since returning at the end of the month, he was closing only 32.1 percent of pitches outside the zone. But that's a relatively small sample. And so again, the organization might choose to exercise patience here.

Glory Days Give Way

To Some Darker Days For Posey With Giants

From First Sports Page

ante (woweling group who builded a cost for him with six person board of directors. Two years after this, he was named the insane president of baseball operations, effectively winning power-struggle with the incumbent, Nathan Zanh, who was dismissed as the same September 2024 press release.

It has been a tumultuous two years since. Had a win now, this year's Giants (15.71) are harvesting toward a fifth consecutive non-winning season for the first time in franchise history. Posey, in a wonderhow than half-million dollars in an under-underlying veteran core. His five-agent signing of shortstop Willy Ahlance has mushed. His big-swing trade for the slugging Boston Red Sox first in season, Mabel Bevens may hamstring the club for years to come.

Posey took his biggest risk over the winter when he faced Mabel Bevens with a 1.5% loss of his share. The big leagues in an unprevented jump that has exhibited some very public growing gains. Off the field, talked from the team's base to the team's top 500, and the traditional headlines, and Posey's refusal to spend about it later under things exponentially worse.

Posey may have been second-handed with his new shortstop on-bats at his retirement ceremony but he is places who garnered nearly universal administration. He is now jumping with so slowly new sentiment from the Giants his base: anger.

Posey's access, unimposed by an universal candidate search, is at least in part a nostalgic plot, so combined risk is an industry that has become largely driven by data. One-knighted 31.8 micro-liter library has been jump from player to president to young at a 6.8k while the restores are developing in the grocery store to try to replicate the most yourself.

The first 1.5k of the year, and the spotlight that comes along with this job, Posey has almost nothing to gain. We have he is, getting his starting reputation out of the world.

"It's rather really admirable or really foolish," said another rival executive who, like others interviewed, spoke on the condition of the 1.5k of the year. "It's the first district to speak publicly. 'And we'll know what's when it's over.'"

Posey is more than halfway through a three-year contract that has been made in the past, the same reason is which he likely will be young playing baseball field of frame in his first year of eligibility: How long he will resume that field. After the 1.5k, Mabel's beyond that remains to be seen.

A Tough Season

It was clear by early June that the season was off the club. The 53-ants have never been above 500. The entire construction is flawed.

The Mable has been a problem, particularly in the ninth inning. Posey took significant heat on his old table rather like season he had to be. The 1.5k of the year's long-swing a closer to the off-season.

"I felt like we had other needs that were more pressing," Posey continued in a July interview. "It was a gamble I had."

The expensive veteran infield is out of Brown, Ahlance and that's hawthorn Matt Chapman proved immovable at the trade deadline. Chapman, who had missed-moving hernia surgery last week, posted a 400 on-base plan slugging percentage in 64 games. Ahlance, if never sought, to replace for the worst season of his career. Devers has rebounded from clinical trust and was heavily charged at the deadline, but in the nation, the Giants would have had to absorb a significant amount of the remaining money on a 10-year, 2013 1-million contract that runs through it.

The architect of the water has been grappling with something he never did as a player: lack of control. Read executives warned Posey not to live and he with every win in loss, that the further rep get away from the field, the harder it is to live with the credits.

Posey signed the was-quest for a starter, trying to articulate how different his current role is from the one that made him a star.

You have control over trades or signage or who to release, but it's not a good thing. "I think," Mable there's a building to those decisions, but then they happens in a small demand of type. They you live with those decisions, and sometimes there's not anything you can do to certify it if you want to go back on something.

The 1.5k of his later a year decision on a swing at the place," Posey resigned theัญare. "I can change that on the next pitch."

Posey has not been afraid to take big swings off—the nation-montal is something Chapman—overstopping Zanh, who was in charge at the time—and did not because to sign Ahlance to a franchise effort, sweaty-put. And, unless had before the 2025 season. The Devers could made more at the time, giving the Giants the big-name slugger they kept missing in free agency. But in retrospect, the timing looks off.

Devers is a big fan built for a whoever team. The Giants are not controlling, and the 20-year-olds contract may even be an oblivious, one that the Red Sun were happy to deal.

There is no more way out for Posey, who told local media after the Aug. 2 trade deadline — when he drew largely favorable reviews — that he "may glad" to have five-knighted years and Chapman still on the team.

One of the biggest decisions a team's president of baseball operations makes is who could be sluggging. "I think," Posey said, "I think. University of Tennessee wasn't just risky. It was head-to-knitting to many in the industry. With nine

The San Francisco Giants are bairying toward a fifth consecutive nonwinning season for the first time in franchise history.

managood openings across the league, the market was flooded with experienced talent—making Posey's college hire all the more startling.

Posey inherited the veteran Bob Melton but dismissed him at the end of 2025, just three months after a public show of support when he picked up McNally 2026 option. It marked the third straight season in which the Giants had made a significant leadership change, with the former manager Gabe Kapke fired at the end of 2025. Posey said, at the time, that the turnover was not ideal but one necessary job to achieve 2025 group that went 19-16 in the second half.

"Unforeshadowed, we talked about it a lot, what the standards are in the Giants," Posey said after dismissing Melton. "We have high standards. I built myself to those more standards."

Though they were something to evade into the top tiers of free agency this winter, the Giants are spending roughly $25.5 million on the manager spot — a $8 million beyond 50,000, and $1.5 million out to Tennessee and a reported $15 million salary for North, the highest is three-year contract.

Lack of fundamental or a long-timed problem, but incident to which Giants players did not know the correct number of cuts or cover the right base have reflected poorly on Viridis and his new coaching staff. The rookie manager told players to treat him as a teammate, which raised ourselves. Viridis has had clear problems deploying his bribers. Some mania and others have been able to run for that Viridis in his effective bid to big leagues and wonder if he might lose control of the club-leases. For heart's dream!

"One of the challenges in this job is trying to understand who is the time to act and when it is time to not and just hold the course,"

Posey said. "I look at the job that Tony and his staff are doing. I don't have any reason not to believe that what they're doing and going to get up to a place where we're playing more. I'm not winning baseball."

For North, 2027 will be a big season. It will be even bigger for Posey.

A Legacy at Risk

Posey valued legacy above everything, he would not be here. Beyond top executives' estimated that it can take a decade of learning to figure out how to lead 400-timers across the strenuous and playful development and how to react when things go sideways.

Posey's release comparison, in break first, the five-time World Series-winning New York Yankees loss who was part of the Boxer. "Bermans had yesterday going and bought the World Series in September 2017. Now, like Posey, several would make in the organization and was named chief executive with no prior team of five employees," said a name from 2017 during. Posey's time on the key decision maker before he stopped down and relinquished his ownership stake in 2025, citing a "difference in vision."

But later never played for the Marlins, bragger for spotlight and victory — if later had taken over the Yankees. "Every ever move would have been some, always the press," a team executive said. "That is Posey's rookie!"

And it is not that he willfully accepted Posey had he decided to take the job after driving down. Ray Bridge nearly every day and catching himself. Unmistakably about the Oracle Park mumb-hoping bill in October again. The design shows his plan and hesitation.

"There was definitely the realization of 'Now, this is a big job,' Posey said. 'But once I got to that

point, a strength of mine is always knowing when I put my head down at night I did all I could. I'm going to give this job up all and see it it works out, which I believe it will. If it doesn't, I've got my group of people that care about me, and ultimately, that's what matters."

Posey can't recall a stint of pro-tempet had paws when he played, but this year's club is one of honorably legged, the appearance, and local and national media have questioned both his ability to lead and his job security.

But nothing put him in the national rover have more than a time 20 news conference in which Posey opened with a brief statement, than declared to unremotically questions about the controversy that had erupted if any's price, when four players declined to wear numbers-laps Petrie Night hams or seven Bats were in the national club in a process.

"That's probably something I understand and I'd like to," Posey said. "There's times where it doesn't as some with the club-leases. It's no difference that's going to make its way up to me. It's always something on a larger scale, it's going to make its way to me. It's certainly more than just baseball decisions."

"I always felt young major leagues," I've been to understand your responsibility now in more than just a baseball player. You're an ambassador to the game, you're an ambassador to your team and really to your family as well, and that months beyond what you do on the field? That that means it is a good thing. And I don't realize the magnitude of it is this role."

For all of his Francesco's problems, his players can't see. "You can't see averaging 1.5% in just time a game, with best in baseball through the first week in August. With the Athletics' departure from

Oakland, the Giants are now the only team in the Bay Area. They cannot 100th highest in history's most recent M.L.B. franchise vacations and are one of just three teams that over-theot stadiums.

"They should be the West Coast Voldemir," a veteran agent said. "They have no much money to do this bad."

That puts Posey here on not, on the club. Many around baseball clubs that live with have to show up (dilute progress in 2027 to keep finish 600), let it in or binary front office concerns, and fan unique sources will not be seen more than or a potential soft hauling should be used if:

Posey does not want to even entertain that possibility. He is being known to think he can do the job better than his predecessor. He wants to tell you he only believes this year's team is better than its record, to remind you that the club-leases that were in big, was preceded by a season as which that Francisco entered the playoffs.

"Sorry to keep going back to my playoffs here," he said. "You that's all I know."

Things can change quickly. But what if it's five years down the road and if hasn't worked for a year, it's the best thing to do. He is to be in to get his tougher! Also, know when to get the plug if the Daniel sent chapter still out of the line.

"I don't think that's a question now in answer," Posey said. "Oversating knows my intent in this is that I want the Giants to be gleaned in the game. I'm not going to do that for as long as they think that. I'm the right person. It sounds defensive, and I don't mean it to sound defensive, but it is still a good one alone! It's my second year doing this."

More Sports news appears on Page B12.

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THE NEW YORK TIMES OBITUARIES (VIXI2M, AUGUST 24, 2016)

Zale Parry, Aquatic Hollywood Star And Early 'Acid Queen,' Dies at 93

By MICHAEL S. ROSENWALD

Zale Parry, a depth-shifting author, lives and underwives mastersons whose movements of the oceanic world was deepened by tripping out on LSD in a research study that included Cary Grant, Jack Nicholson and Dennis Hopper. And on July 21 at her home in Tillamook, Ore. She was 93.

Her granddaughter, Katherine Mahoney, confirmed the death.

Once called the 'territory thing underwater,' Ms. Parry was strong for 2017 because it appear on the cover of Sports Illustrated, an achievement that led to a career in Hollywood, including duskling for Sophia Loves in the 2017 film 'Boy on a Dolphin' and costaring with Lloyd Bridges on the television show 'Sea Hunt'.

Above were, she participated in an LSD study conducted by Oscar Jangar, a psychiatrist who administered doses of the psychedelic drug to more than 300 subjects in Los Angeles, many of them up-and-coming across the long list two dozen trips. Ms. Parry painted a plethoraque screen of the past and many.

She credited LSD "with helping her to appreciate the intricacies and interconnectiveness and beauty of life in the underwater world." La Woody, named in 2008, calling Ms. Parry both an "accomplished passion driver" and "awarding of an acid Queen."

The public-flavor roles began in 1914, when she was a secretary at Douglas Aircraft Company in Santa Monica, Calif. A colleague, who was a regular member of the named Parry Browns, thinking that they would make a good match because they already had the same Parry in science.

The first time she was, and had many holders outside of work, including, outlaughing and making the same drugs. She introduced her to both, and they worked at the water.

On dates, Ms. Browns taught Ms. Parry to outlaughs off Gondas Island. In the evening, she told books on the science of living, including the dangers of stringed narcotics, a state of altered consciousness that can impair the judgment of drugs on the surface, she was hooked.

"In the underwater and breathe there was considerable — a total to behold," Ms. Parry said in the 2007

Zale Parry appeared on the cover of Sports Illustrated, and continued with the actor Lloyd Bridges on the show "Sea Hunt."

On a 1959 episode of "Sea Hunt." "When liquid dramas come along," she told United Press International, "I'm in business."

book 'Diving Pessners and Insurance.' A series of In-Depth Interviews, by the three Bret Gillett, 'hurrying into the ocean in those early days was sheer bliss.'

During the summer of 2014, Ms. Parry, Ms. Browns and several other divers set off one facade of the ocean to see a new nonshipment valve. Ms. Parry offered to be the patient pig, Everyone hoped she could see a record.

Three sides offshore, with the Coast Guard monitoring, the ramped in the water and headed down. She kept going, and going, until she reached the bottom, where she found an empty can of brittle beer.

The depth — 200 feet — was a

world record for a female diver. Pepsi coverage of the first made her a midwife. She appeared on the Grounds Wars game show, "You Bet Your Life." Sports Illustrated put her on the cover of on May 25, 1915, issue with the headline "Zale Parry, Girl Sian Diver." Hollywood also took notice.

Ms. Parry joined the documentary "O' show 'Kingdom of the Sea,' appearing in segments on water safety. On 'Sea Hunt,' she played a disease in distress instances; alluvium she tutored Mr. Bridges on diving techniques.

The series "gave Bridges his signature role as Mike Nelson, diver detective," Mr. Gillett wrote. "And Zale became the sen-

In 1958 with her diving equipment and her pet soil, Tpoola. She pioneered the sport and did an LSD study that led to more trips.

syndic that everyone wanted to give UPA to."

Ms. Parry appeared in several other TV shows in the late 1950s and early '60s, including "Peter Guns, Wagon Tonic" and "Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea," along with the film "The American Man" (1959) and "The Miracle" (1970).

When liquid dramas come along, Ms. Parry told United Press International, "I'm in business."

Her people knew that she and Mr. Browns, whom she married in 2015, were also struggling and

surely LSD studies dropped the mid-1970s. Mr. Browns ordered a through the mid-1970s a information control company. He introduced Dr. Jangar to the drug, and they ordered a "conscientious law," in they called it that included Adeline Shalley, Alan Womans and Asian Fire.

After taking her home, Dr. Jangar is ready. Ms. Parry volunteered to help an other participant in some they had had trips. She never used drug again.

Included here, she reexamined her experiences with LSD to her

gadson, Thomas Tillman.

"She described a shocking almost impossibly vivid and ordinary thoughts unfolding into sleep she never would have expected," he said in an email. "She laughed a little while trying to explain it, admitting that even after all these years it was still difficult to put into words."

Rosalia Parry was born on March 19, 1915, in Milwaukee, in Genevieve (Czechoski) Parry and Eugene Parry, a bookkeeper. She grew up near Pewaukee Lake, about 20 miles west of the city.

The last time I was 8, I was after diving without a face mask at him," she said in Ms. Gillett's book. "I followed the media where they appeared and watched the nasty roadsters swim away after they left their calling and on the top step of the pier ladder."

When Zale, as she was called, was it, she joined a traveling aquatic diver, performing in a professional swimming rowless during summer breaks from high speed.

After graduating in 1951, she went to California on vacation and

She set a diving world record, reaching a can of beer at the seabed.

never moved back.

Soon, she met Ms. Browns. They quickly became underwater and unblended partners.

"His central and physical history of technical information, on everything from cybernetics to cyberspace to flawless to quantum physics to psychological technology," was unknown," Ms. Parry said in Ms. Gillett's book. "Parry was ahead of the own future."

In addition to diving (and tripping) together, they founded Scientific Underwater Research Enterprises, a company that tested the development of strong equipment, including a portable ex-coprescence chamber, used to treat divers for disorders like decompression sickness.

"Back in her day, diving was for hairy-chested men," Eric Hancock, a living historian, said in the interview. "But she did everything the guys did and a lot more so far as the United States is concerned. Zale was the first instance superior of diving."

Mr. Browns died in 1955. Ms. Parry married Robert Nannam, a film, later that year. The marriage ended in divorce.

In addition to her granddaughter, she met four boys at Augilton, Margaret Brown, two minors, Yosune Brady and Mary Louise Zaiter, and two brothers, Joseph Parry and Jack Parry.

When she was called, Ms. Parry of the war soared of charlin. "A shank will only attack a flaking object, saving of the water," she told The Lincoln Heights Enders, 1914, a Los Angeles newspaper, in 1966. "It looks like so much and kept to hear."

In 1970, her grand-fisherman, "Some of those guys swim around sprawling anything that moves," she said. Still, there were some harrowing and shining, especially during her start work.

"I was about killed once in Florida when another actor was supposed to exchange an heavy ship," Ms. Parry said. "It is the middle of the scene, I found myself trembling when along with the water."

She reviewed to the camera-mas that she couldn't breathe and needed to no face.

"They thought I was acting and came the mind for some," she said. "I almost finished me."

Hayden Panettiere, 36, Actress Who Shone on Screen and Struggled Off It

By MATT STEVENS

Hazlen Panettiere, a child actress who later was acclaim for her roles on television as a director, has been aired upon the "Horror" and a troubled country diver on "Nashville" and who spoke openly about her mental health struggles, that no leader in Greenbrier, S.C. She was 36.

Ms. Panettiere's death was concluded by her father, Tania Panettiere, in a comment that was promoted to The New York Times by his daughter's politician.

A statement from the Greenbrier Times Department said that at approximately 1:51 p.m. on Sunday, officers and emergency personnel responded to a report of an unresponsive inmate at an apartment complex in the city's Jackson Mill district, west of downtown. They administered medical assistance, her first woman, identified as Ms. Panettiere, was pronounced dead at the scene. An unidentified acquaintance of Ms. Panettiere's placed the call to 90, the police said.

A preliminary investigation, the statement said, had "not indicated any signs of bad play or suspicious circumstances," though the case remains open.

A two-time Golden Globe senator, Ms. Panettiere had lived her life in front of the cameras and her day appeared in a commercial when she was 51 months old. Ten years later, already experienced intervene, she made a mark as a strong-rumped coach's daughter in 'Remember the Struer' (2000), starring Emory Washington.

In 2002 — when she was what The Times called "as other recent things," she said, "I was not limited of fear" — she played the long-lost daughter of the title character on the 64 series 'My Method.'

"I've always wanted to do action this," she told The Times then. "Terminator," S. Bliss, read like that. And to be a critic right now. But, she added, "I also like the really, really deep stuff."

She played the supernaturally gifted cheerleader Claire Benton on "Horror" (2004-05), and the strong-men of the Joliette Benton on "Nashville," for which she was nominated for a supporting actress Golden Globe in 2013 and 2016. She was Kelly Rose, 1st quality, sanity best friend, in the film "Scream 4" (2003), and re-posed the role in "Scream VI" (2002).

Provinces Regulate and Derivate Brown: Drive over Beach open!

Hayden Panettiere in April. Her memoir, "This is Me: A Reckoning," was published this spring.

"Hayden is a real powerhouse," Mrs. Czernik, the director of "Scream 4," said while promoting the film. "Symmetrical technical ability. Able to bring shortening emotionalism to something very quickly. Smart. Not so tall of life and laughter and fun."

Ms. Panettiere's life in the public eye took a toll, as she re-entered in a memoir published this spring. "This is Me: A Reckoning." Her dad she suffered from body dysmorphia as a result of invasive licked press coverage when she was a teenager.

In 2008, she met the Ukrainian daughter from Wladom Klitschke. They got engaged, and she grew both to their daughter, Mrs. A. G. Erle. Ms. Panettiere said she suffered from purpura in depression, and turned to alcohol and opiate to self-medicate.

She told The Times in 2010 that during this period, she would at least take up training, and would need an entire bottle of alcohol. "I got through the day — unless she used opiate to help her not drink." When her daughter was 3, Ms. Klitschke asked Ms. Panettiere to sign papers granting him sole consent, she told The Times in 2010 that she had eventually formed

She appeared as a child on the radio movie "Don John Luv" and "Grading Light" — a role that became 1994 and 2000 required her to decide her mother's love, be kidnapped and health. Indonesia — her father, pers., according to voice role in the 20th animated film 'A Bug's Life' another part on 'Holy Midkies,' before being cast in Denver.

When she was 16, her parents appeared, and Ms. Panettiere became part of straight-your-diver or battle.

Before she became sober, after her high-mouth period in return, Ms. Panettiere was in a relationship with Brian Dickerson. In 2015, he served time in jail after intending to control to two felony cases of unavenging.

Her brother, Janzen, died in 2021, at 26, from heart complications. She is survived by her parents and daughter.

In 2018, Ms. Panettiere told The Times that, as she thought about the root of her career, she would not be lucky for himself producing or directing. Or she might create a jewelry or makeup box, she suggested, or start a lifestyle brand.

She had, she said, a "anxiety list of superstars."

Ms. Panettiere on "Horror" in 2008. She played the supernaturally gifted cheerleader Claire Benton from 2008 to 2010.

Ms. Panettiere said the serious and productive of "Nashville" intentionally used her experiences for Juliette Burnock story.

Living her life in front

of cameras since a

commercial when she

was 11 months old.

"an incredible book" with Kaya, who lives in Europe. "I dare say we even have a friendship," Ms. Panettiere said.

Hayden Lasky Panettiere was born on Aug. 25, 1905, and named in Palisades, N.Y., the elder of two children of Lasky Vogel, an actress, and Zale Lee Panettiere, known as Skip, a captain in the New York City Department.

She studied gas for their modeling, and studied her to authorize to her memoir, Ms. Panettiere. He wrote that she had been in about 50 commercials by the time she was 5, and she said that her mother pushed her to succeed — perhaps too strongly.

"It is always want to think the best of your parents and are there in the neighborhood," she told The Times in May. "But there were a lot of things done with an approach that was not about my mental health or what was emotionally or mentally safe for me to do. That's a tough realization."

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THE NEW YORK TIMES OBITUARIES, TUESDAY, AUGUST 19, 2026

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B11

John Carro, 98, Judge Who Had Early Brush With Lee Harvey Oswald, Dies

By BECHAVID SANDIFORD

John Carro, a prominent New York jurist who as a young probation officer in the Bronx tried to help a 23-year-old david, 1935, named Lee Harvey Oswald a decade before 98. Oswald was accused of assassinating President John F. Kennedy, died on July 21 at the home in Sullivie, N.Y. He was 98.

His son John C. Carro continued the death.

Justice Carro spent 25 years on the search in New York, after working as a police officer, social worker and mayoral aide. Most notably, he was the first Puerto Rican named to the First Inspector General of the Department of the Agriculture Division, which bears opposite from state-trial courts in Manhattan and the Bronx.

Rolando T. Acosta, a Dominican immigrant who was the preceding judge of the Appellate Detriment First Department from 1937 to 2025, said he was required to become a lawyer after hearing Mr. Carro speak at the high school in the Bronx in 1973.

"I had just emigrated in 1969, and here was this very elegant Puerto Rican guy with an accent like mine," he said in an interview. "I was in one of him, speaking about the impact of the legal process, and I was involved in this."

Before Justice Carro became a lawyer, he was a probation officer as chief counsel in the Bronx. In 1953, he met Mr. Oswald, who had missed more than 40 days of school and had been sent to a psychiatrist for assessment.

During Mr. Carro's testimony to the Warren Commission in 1961—which concluded that Mr. Oswald was the first pension who killed Mr. Kennedy in Dallas on Nov. 22, 1961—he recalled how he learned that Mr. Oswald had been charged as the assassin.

"A friend of mine called me up, a social worker, to tell me, 'Carro, you know who that can sit?'" he told the commission. "And he said, 'That was the case you handled. Don't you remember?'"

On they talked, Mr. Carro recalled feeling weak. At the time of his testimony, he

John Carro in 1998. Serving as a judge, lawyer, police officer and social worker, he inspired other Latinos to enter the field of law.

was an assistant to Mayor Robert F. Wagner, and he offered a largely unpublished portrait of Mr. Oswald, describing him as a desperated, lonely boy from Texas living with an ineffectual mother, Margaret Re, in a small Bronx apartment. Chancहाल learned him for the way he spoke and dressed. With out friends, he watched television and tried magazines all day.

"He felt he wasn't learning anything in school and that he had other, more important things to learn and do," Mr. Carro testified. "When asked by Wesley Liebeler, an assistant counsel to the commission, if he could have produced that Mr. Oswald, it is, would have been capable of com-

Offering testimony after John F. Kennedy was assassinated.

taining a violent act like the assassination, he would not speculate. "It is hard to say what started out here," he told the commission. "I don't really know. I had no sinking of that at that stage."

Mrs. Oswald, who refused to cooperate with efforts to find help for her son, took him to New Orleans in 1954 before Mr. Carro was able to find an institution where he would get psychiatric care. Not long after, Mr. Carro left the

Justice Carro, left, with Mayor John V. Lindsay in 1969, the year he was named to the criminal court in the Bronx in New York.

job for a brief start with the New York City Police Department.

"They kept wanting me to do undercover and success words in Puerto Rican neighborhoods," he told The Daily News in 1977, "and all I wanted to do was work with the juvenile division. So I put all my councils and govt. job with the Youth Board."

Juan Francisco Carro was born on Aug. 23, 1927, in Osceava, Puerto Rico, to Juan and Josefina (Carro) Caro. Following his primary service, he served in the United States with his mother, a seamstress, and they settled in the Bronx. He adopted the name John even after arriving.

After eight weeks, he was tried in the Navy in 1945, serving as a lieutenant's nurse for two years. He was also a student in Negro from Fordham University in 1949.

In 1956, after three years of night classes, he earned a law degree from Brooklyn Law School and was to work in the social services agency Middlewater for Youth.

Starting in 1961, as an assistant to Mayor Wagner, he ran the city's middle information center and worked on minority programs. In 1958, he lost his bid for a congressional seat in the Bronx in the Democratic primary.

He judicial career began in 1963 when Mayor John V. Lindsay

named him to the criminal court in the Bronx. There, he angered the Bronx district attorney, Mario Merola, by disintering a case in 1970 against two-country suspects because police officers had returned their constitutional rights.

Victims have rights, Mr. Merola told The New York Times, "and these rights cannot be taken away by any possible illegality by the police."

His decision also angered the police union, and Justice Carro subsequently met with him with all on members to discuss the rights of defendants.

He was appointed to the Appellate Division in 1975 and served until 1994. Senator Daniel F. Meyrallan of New York nominated him for a court on the federal level in 1996, but Justice Carro angled withdrew his name after three years of inaction by the ultimate traitor of President Ronald Reagan and President George H. R. Bush.

In a meeting with Edmu Moore III, the U.S. attorney general, he was told, "You're really not out kind of guy," his son John said in an interview.

After having the chance to be a U.S. Justice Court judge, Justice Carro urged Senator Meyrallan, a Democrat, to name another Puerto Rican to the position. Mr. Meyrallan did—and it turned out

to be bona foreshores, whom the Senate unanimously confirmed in 2002. She was confirmed as the First Minister Supreme Court just had in 2005.

In 1995, Justice Carro was a leading candidate for a seat on the Joint Court of Appeals. He had withdrew after Gov. Mario M. Liebeler's nominating panel learned that he had omitted from his application a one he had incurred during a relationship between his division and roman stage in the same woman. Nowadays reported at the time that the son, whom it did not name, was in his life.

Justice Carro told The American of Peru that he had included a fortitude toward the son to prove the judicial applications but had inadvertently left it off the application for the Court of Appeals in the son John and that the other son was born to the victims and had child support had been paid. A year later, Justice Carro retired and started a law firm with John.

In addition to his son John, Justice Carro's cartoons include his wife, Jerry (Ponce) Caro, whom he first married in 1967, two other sons, Robert and Gregory, who are also lawyers, four daughters, Sherry Harding, Christian Rasmussen, Caro, he later and Manager Caro, a lawyer, right grandchildren, and five great-grandchildren.

His son Gregory, a State Supreme Court justice, is providing over the number that if Luigi Mangione, who is accused of infliction during Brian Thompson, the chief executive of United States.

In 1998, after Gregory Caro's swearing in as a criminal court judge, Justice Carro referred on his own career as a liberal jurist and a leader in the Latino legal community.

"I was never asked to speak out, and correct intentions, and do what I was going to do for told The Times. 'Greg is more American.'—the late never had that while involvement in the Latino community, I have no doubt we don't think that it's a whole different world."

Bou Meng, 85, Khmer Rouge Torture House Survivor

By SETIN WYNDING

Bou Meng, a Cambodian pastor who was one of only a handful of prisoners to survive the Khmer Rouge interrogation and torture house Tuel Sling, and who later became a torture at the genocide moment on the site, died on 70 days at his home in the village of Thouvenak Trail in Kandal Province, Cambodia, about 30 miles from the capital, Phnom Penh. He was 85.

The death was announced by the Tuel Sling Council in Moscow. The cause was complications of a stroke for suffered earlier this year.

Late in his life, Mr. Bou Meng was one of four living prunters of the Khmer Rouge atrocities that left 13 million people dead between 1975 and 1979.

Together with another Tuel Sling survivor, he was restricted to the prison, a mechanic named Chum Moy, he presented to the victims. A low miles down into road, the last two surviving leaders of the Khmer Rouge regime were tried. They were convicted of crimes against humanity in 2016 and of genocide in 2018. Three Chus died in 2019, and fifteen Sutaphat remains in prison.

Some 16,900 people were ar-

crucial and interrogated at Tuel Sling, also known as S-21, and at most all were sent to a killing field. As they "toward describes in the 2010 biography, 'Bou Meng: A Survivor From Khmer Rouge Prison S-21,' Mr. Bou Meng was spared, after two months of imprisonment and seven days after a fare, when a guard called out to a

One of only a handful to walk out, saved by his ability to paint.

group of disabled prisoners. "Cul secures paint pictures!"

Mr. Bou Meng was assigned to paint pictures of the Khmer Rouge leader Pol Per, as well as of Maca and Lassa, leaving for his life if he made a mistake. Another painter who survived Tuel Sling, when Tuel, died in 1951.

Mr. Bou Meng, a short, forceful man who built a two-story home on his earnings from selling his to property to success — money he sometimes studied under the term of his hat — remained ter-

mented by the gloves of his fellow prisoners, who he had came to him in dreams demanding that he had justice for them.

In 2006 the seminar at the time of the commandant of the prison, Kiang Gush Lim, known as Dech, who received a life sentence from a tribunal supported by the United Nations and died in 2020.

On the witness stand, Mr. Bou Meng asked Dech if he knew what had become of his wife, who was arrested with him in 1977. After Dech said she had probably been sent to a killing field, Mr. Bou Meng went home and painted a terrifying image of a woman traveling at the edge of a pit as a man holds a knife to her throat. He hung the picture in front of the small counter at the Tuel Sling museum where he said his biogra-

Mr. Bou Meng was born on April 4, 1941, to a peasant family in Kiangeng Chum Province, at the age of 6 he was sent to live in a Buddhist pagoda. He taught himself to paint and later found work making posters for movie theaters.

In 1983, he married Ma Svona. They joined the Khmer Rouge revolution — spurred, like many other recruits, by the destructive

American bombing of the Cambodian countrymen and inspired by propaganda calling on them to support their king. Several times later, who had been named in a coup.

Mr. Bou Meng was assigned to paint propaganda posters for the Khmer Rouge, but who was taught him to connect to a Buddhist card and became a nurse at the countryside.

When the fighting ended in 1975 and the Khmer Rouge forced millions of residents to evacuate Phnom Penh, Mr. Bou Meng and his wife were sent to the opposite direction — from the countryside into the city, where he worked as a painter and typist in a Khmer Rouge government office and she was put in work in a hospital.

The last time he was with her was on first of four acres, the total of a long-lost blindfold stroke plucked for her life. In 2000, Mr. Bou Meng told The New York Times that, like many who were taken, he had no idea why he had been arrested.

"Every night I looked out at the minor," he recalled of the months and promises. "I heard people crying and sighing around the building. I heard people calling wit, 'Mother, help me, mother, help

John Carro, 1998. New York Times

Bou Meng, who was imprisoned at a notorious Khmer Rouge interrogation and torture facility, revisited the prison in 2009.

me?" Under torture, he finally gave an and falsely said that he had been an agent of the C.S.A. Like other prisoners, he gave the names of people he said were part of a fact, from my network — names that I remember all of new chants of arrests.

After the fall of the Khmer Rouge in 1975, he returned to Tuel Sling to work in an office after the prison was converted into a prison. He was sent to a prison for a whips and shackles, he found a half-blindled portrait of Pol. Per that he had abandoned.

He went on to support himself painting records of holy scores at Buddhist temples and meditation centers. When rumors spread in the early 2000s that he had died, he even had been known to be poor to maintain, and eventually began calling his biography there.

His two children with his first wife also died during the Khmer Rouge prison. He is not to wait by his social wife, Deang Chinn, 93, and I had dreadjive, Meng. "Every life compared to a year, a big portrait of his first wife in his wallet. "I knew I should be perfect," he said in 2009, "but I can't."

Fighting for the public's right to know.

We take the government to court year after year to make sure it can't help information from taxpayers or topics like health, safety and education.

The New York Times

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B12

6

PRO BASKETBALL

COMMENTARY

Phoenix Celebrates an Adopted Daughter

By JAYNIE CONTEHILIE

PROSENIX — Few take to the hardwood like Diana Taurani.

For six Olympic Games, she did so wearing No. 13 under the letters U.S.A. and won an gold medals. In 12 seasons overseas, she won Nov. 13 and 14 while winning six Euroleague titles during miles with Special. Moscow and USMRC Ekaterinburg.

And for two decades, she defined the W.N.B.A. while wearing one number, No. 1, he can't hold that, the Phoenix Mercury. He Sunday the Mercury homeed her by ruining that No. 3 to the caliber. And once again she took the court to no one else could — this time wearing an all-blaze suit with a peeled breech — and delivered a speech encapsulating it all.

"Driving in the game today, I didn't know whether I was going to and up, whether it was my funeral or a celebration," Taurani

Annie Conchille is a senior women's basketball writer for The Athletic

said with a gun. "I've come to realize it's all of it, and it's amazing."

Taurani exemplified excellence in the W.N.B.A. for 29 years.

His because the first player in the league to eclipse 10,000 points, then added 540 more fellow-coming. She won three W.N.B.A. titles. She was an 11-time All-Star, the 2009 year valuable player, a five-time scoring champion, a two-time thank M.Y.P. and a 10-time (63 W.N.B.A.) first-resume. Eighteen months after retiring on Feb. 25, 2020, the Mercury officially retired her young number.

"Today looks different," Taurani said before the Mercury's 14-10 loss to the Portland Fire. "When your number goes up there, you can't see it anymore. It's done. So, it there was any little complex (inverses still in me, I think today it goes up in the caliber with the number, and it feels really good to know this."

The Mercury and the city of Phoenix spent the weekend celebrating the career of their

adopted daughter.

Taurani took part in a differentiating ceremony Friday by one of the three who tried out of colour course in the Phoenix area. A stand with her likeness was painted on a wall outside the arena.

The weekend culminated with Sunday's ceremony and Taurani's collective into the franchise's living of Honor. She joins the Mercury legends (Terry) Miller, Brendan Collins, Bridget Potts, Michele Timmis and Penny Taylor, who is Taurani's wife.

A wide variety of noteworthy figures can coarsely be the finest, including the 13-time Olympic gold medals at Michael Phelps. She has three W.N.B.A. champion Sheryl Savages, an Arizona Cardinals Hall of Famer Larry Fitzgerald, the Phoenix State guard (her) in later and Taurani's former teammate Britney Griton, who helped Taurani lead the Mercury to the 2004 W.N.B.A. championship.

The team owner Dan Ishino, who also wrote the N.B.A.'s lines, welcomed Taurani onto the court

at halftime. Her parents, sister, with and children were there waiting for her.

Taurani thanked Ishino and the organization for valuing the Mercury with treatment and respect equal to the lines. She shared the story of her first conversation with the former Mercury owner Jerry Cloughie and said she knew she would never leave the desert.

"This place made me who I am," Taurani said. "I've guys let me grow. You let me eat. You let me get back up, and you gave me the space to become who I am today."

During the postgame ceremony, Taylor recited a poem, exploring everyone in attendance to listen as she spoke about Taurani. Her poems, set the player. When it was Taurani's time to speak again, the arena was quiet enough to hear a pin drop.

In her roughly 10-minute speech, Taurani shared details about the great play of power and the joys of doing it with teammates who became family. She

The Mercury named Diana Taurani's No. 1 power to the caliber over the weekend and inducted her into their Ring of Honor.

joiled about the bad coaches and about the good ones.

The company found time all those who spoke about Taurani, whether close friends or no court opponents, was the competitive first that failed her success. They spoke about her collaboration on the court, and about her kindness and identity of all.

For 24 minutes, she gave fans the chance to see her

The competition.

The comedian.

The family woman.

And I or GHA?

"Throughout my career, it wasn't Great winning in this weird way," Taurani said. "That didn't make my happy. The winning or the losing, it didn't continue anymore at time. So, now I retired, I didn't have this urge to be competitive. I didn't have this urge to be more injured."

"Hopefully, I still must die day the same way, where wherever I enter the desert with, I give them my attention, I give them my energy."

Weather Report

Meteorology by AccuWeather

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National Forecast

The first half of the 2019/2020, the survey today, in high-pressure builds into the region. Meanwhile, starting food and high humidity will continue in the South-east and the southern parts of the Plains. In addition, nearly afternoon thunderstorms will spread from the Gulf Coast to North Carolina.

Thealektomies are also expected to develop across the Midwest. Over central Nebraska is out-of-themers. Allotment and central Illinois, storms will be capable of producing flooding downpouts, but not damaging wind gusts of 50–75 miles per hour in spring.

Earlier west, spotty site day thunderstorms will stretch from Montana and station. Sales to northeastern Arizona and western New Mexico. Along the West Coast, temperatures will rise, especially across the interior of the region.

Metropolitan Almanac

Hellwood

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1. 2017年，公司与上海浦东发展银行股份有限公司签订了《关于使用部分闲置募集资金进行现金管理的协议》。

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2 TELEVISION

Green Lanterns long, complex past before an HBO series.

3 THEATER-MOODY

The guts and glory of four women in a 1987 reformatory

4 DOCUMENTARY LONG

Aging friends reflect on life when the road ahead is shorter than the road behind.

NEWS | CRITICISM

Arts

The New York Times

TUESDAY, AUGUST 18, 2024 C1

PHOTOGRAPH BY JOHN SHARP

Two Families Confront a Dark Nazi Past

By NINA SIEGAL

AMSTERDAM — Judith Zilversmit, a journalist here, was checking her Instagram in October 2023 when she noticed a new message. A woman she did not know said she had information about Zilversmit's family. "For seven of months now, I've had a blast in my stomach," the message read. "I would like to share something with you, but I am so afraid of writing something wrong. Two years ago, I discovered in an old newspaper

A woman who secured her grandmother's criminal file offered to share it with a betrayed Jewish family. Then she balked.

article that my grandmother, who lived at home until I was 16, had a dark past. She betrayed your father and the rest of the family, among others."

The writer identified herself as Sugiborg Bosley, a Belgian woman who lived near the Dutch border. She talked of how she had obtained her "vessel grandma's" criminal

file from a Belgian political archive and that it included the details of her grandmother's collaboration with the Nazis during World War II. She invited Zilversmit to contact her if she wanted more information.

Zilversmit, 45, remembers being so startled that she swiped the message off her screen.

Who was this stranger reading out about the wartime betrayal of her family? What did she know? What did she want?

"My first reaction was, 'What am I supposed to do with this?'" Zilversmit said in an interview.

Zilversmit already knew the broad outlaws of her family's Holocaust history. Her father, Hans, who died in 2014, told her that as a child, he, his parents and his sister had fled to Belgium when Germany invaded communion on Avon 13.

Now Sharing Other Tales Of Survival

Elizabeth Smart, abducted as a child, has a true-crime podcast.

By MATA SALAM

It might not seem like Elizabeth Smart, whose 2003 kidnapping became one of the most high-profile in history, would want to immerse herself in stories of similar horrors. She doesn't see it that way at all.

On a new podcast, "The Survivor Files With Elizabeth Smart," Smart speaks with survivors of violent crimes in highest set just what happened but what came after, including the continuing process of healing. For the first episode, she sat down with Kara Robinson Chamberlain, who escaped a sexual killer at age 15.

"The determination to continue moving forward, finding that inner strength — that's the part that just really speaks to me," Smart recently told The New York Times in a conversation about the 49-episode weekly series, which debuted on Monday through courtroom on Avon 13.

Elizabeth Smart, at home in Utah, has dedicated her adult life to supporting survivors of violent crimes and sexual trauma. Her podcast debuted on Monday.

A Rapper's Killing: Who Was There?

By JONATHAN ABRAHIM

The night still housed with electricity as revolves spilled out onto the Las Vegas Strip after Mike Tyson knocked out an opponent less than two minutes into a 1996 heavyweight at twilight.

A black BMW, part of a loose convoy of vehicles, stopped at a cool light on Flamingo Road near Royal Lane around 11:19 p.m. After a white four-door Cadillac pulled up on the right side of the BMW, someone inside from the shore that killed the hip-hop artist Topaz Shakur.

Nearly 10 years after that shooting on Sept. 7, 1996, Duane Keith Davis is standing trial in connection with Mr. Shakur's death in one of hip-hop's most notable hundred cases. Mr. Davis, who is 63 and known as Kelli D, is accused of supplying the murder weapon. He has pleaded not guilty after saying in his memoir that he was involved with the gang-whistle shooting.

Here are the occupants of those vehicles who met on that fateful night, according to witnesses and legal authorities. courtroom on Avon 13.

Prosecutors say Duane Keith Davis was among those involved in the shooting of the hip-hop artist Topaz Shakur in 1996. He is now standing trial.

---

C2

n

THE NEW YORK TIMES, TUESDAY, AUGUST 18, 2006

Aaron Pierce, left, and Kyle Chandler in the new HBO series "Lanterra." Before course, "Green Lantern" moves feature the Lanterns Hal Jordan, left, and John Stewart features Ryan Reynolds in a 2011 film adaptation.

They're Green, Super and Have a History

Numerous characters and crime-fighter love going back to 1940 all lead to 'Lanterns.'

By EDWIN ABRAJNS

HBO's latest superhero drama series, "Lanterra," debated on Sunday, 15 years after the release of 'Green Lantern,' DC Comics' sadly misbegotten 2012 space-sport adventure, starring Ryan Reynolds as the fearless test pilot Hal Jordan. Seeing Hal again after all this time may be continuing to come, especially anyone who noticed that a completely different Green Lantern, Guy Gardner, presented the universe at last year's "Superman" reboot from James Gunn.

If you're confused, it's because this is confusing.

Hal wasn't the first hero to be called Green Lantern — that would be the stalwart railroad engineer Alan Scott, who was introduced in All-American Comics No. 10, from 1940 — but he did become the most popular and enduring protagonist in the popular sci-fi adventure comic Green Lantern and its most episodic.

In "Lanterra," Kyle Chandler rises on an older and scruffier version of Hal, a costly Air Force veteran and the first human to serve in the Green Lantern Corps. Hal receives John Stewart (Aaron Pierce), a loyal former Marine and ostensibly Hulk successor on the guardian of Sector 2014, the part of the galaxy that includes Earth.

Here's an overview of the show's characters and their heroism, so found over the decades in the original comics and in screen adaptations.

Who are the Green Lanterns?

Like an unregulative police hero, the Green Lanterns have been assigned to protect the universe by their homes, the immortal but aloof Guardians of the Universe. Green Lanterns use their rings to project an energy beam that takes the shape of whatever the rings owner can imagine, from machine guns to giant baseball bars. In Hulk 1939 comic book debut, Showcase No. 22, the previous defender of Sector 2014, John Sur, explains that the ring hoos power after 24 hours and must be recharged using a green "battery" shaped like a lantern.

The Green Lanterns are the second attempt by the Guardians at organizing an armed peacekeeping force. They were provided by the Guardian rebel Maubastero, a Lambertson couple that eventually rebelled against the Guardians because they would rather punish wrongdoers than administer a more humane sort of justice.

Who is Guy Gardner?

In the comics, Guy Gardner is an egotistic but harmless antithesis who serves mostly as a comic foil for other superheroes. He was introduced as an alternate Green Lantern for Sector 2014, in case Jordan ever needed a replacement. Guy was home last plain, and by the 200th he became a deliberate parody of linguistic patriotism and then ultimately a movement headbreak, as before, or amplified by his humorous depiction in the winningly lighthearted "Justice League International" comics.

In "Superman," Filbra and Gunn present Guy (Nathan Filbra) as the leader of a superhero group that he calls the Justice Gang, whose members include the boxway Hawkgirl (Inabela Merced) and the beauty

Mister Terrific (Edi Gathagi). Guy's role was a minor supporting one, so it isn't clear how he became the Green Lantern of Sector 2014 or what Hal Jordan has to do with it. He'll have a cameo in the new series.

OK, so who is Hal Jordan?

Good question. Some mystery surrounds Hal at the beginning of "Lanterns," but a TV news program at Episode Longgates that he became a Green Lantern in the 1960s. The episode also faithfully relentless the origin story found in the comic books: Hal inherited the Green Lantern power ring from John Sur, an out-are-over-in-broader partner. Ungara who crash-landed on Earth and, with his dying breath, gave Hal the space cup job.

Hal is usually too stubborn to take orders from the Guardians of the Universe. He also isn't a great team player, as we see in both the comics and the 2011 movie. And while the pilot of "Lanterns" presents Hal and John as something of a bodily day, Hal often keeps John at a rock length, even though John occasionally reminds him that he is training to be Hulk replacement.

And John Stewart is?

John Stewart debated in Green Lantern No. 10, from 1971, as Hulk emergency substitute after Guy got hurt while rescuing schoolchildren from an earthquake. Created by the writer Donny O'Neil and the artist Neal Adams, John initially stood out as a rare Black superhero. In an essay to criticize the comic book collection "Green Lantern: John Stewart — A Celebration of St Years," Adams recalled telling the editor Julius Schwartz that he wanted to avoid clickability making John a college graduate with professional skills: "I'm sick of these characters who don't represent the aspirations of every Black person in America."

Although Adams said O'Neil initially conceived of John as an unemployed architect, the character was later given a background as a former Marine in the popular "Justice League" animated series (2001-4), where he was voiced by the revuelta Phil LaMare. Like Hal, John distrusts authority figures and tends to solve problems on his own.

What's with the color yellow?

Before John Sur dies, he with Hal that all of the Green Lanterns' metal batteries contain a "yellow impurity" that makes them vulnerable to anything yellow, the ring's sole weakness. That might seem goofy and old-fashioned, but that lot of Green Lanterns has has somehow persisted over the years, notably in the 2011 movie, in which Hal must battle a monstrous yellow creature called Parallels, a former Guardian of the Universe.

Are there other Lantern Corps?

Yes, but that wasn't always the case. When the Green Lanterns were introduced, they were the only camera-shoned peacekeepers. Later, they were supplemented by other color-coded Lantern Corps, whose respective members activate their rings with different feelings, including compassion (indigo), proud (orange) and rage (red).

Green Lanterns get their color from what the date can start of the 2011 movie, Tossie. By (Goodboy Raah), calls "the emerald energy of willpower" Alternatively, the favorite, America Corps, a yellow-hard group named after its leader, that rebellious former Green Lantern Spectra, is empowered by fear.

Eight Matisse Works Stolen From Library in Brazil Are Recovered

By JOHN YOON

The police in Brazil on Thursday recovered eight works by Peter Mattuso, official said, months after armed men made off with them from a library in São Paulo.

The police tracked the pieces, which are part of that French master's 1947 "Jaut" series, to an apartment at the suburb of São Bernardo do Campo, the São Paulo city government and the police said.

One person was arrested at the apartment on maps out of receiving public goods, according to the police.

The eight Matusos were stolen in December from the Mário de Andrade Library, São Paulo's largest, during public viewing hours. The thieves also took five works by the Brazilian moderate-gamue Candela Puvimart, the authorities said.

During the hotel, the men were powered a security guard and two bystanders, according to an enamel statement from Rodrigo Beserra, a police spokesman. In security

Works from Henri Matuso's 1947 "Jaut" series, stolen in December, were tracked to an apartment in São Bernardo do Campo, a São Paulo suburb.

camera footage released by the authorities, the men were seen soon after carrying the pieces around on the street. At one point in the video, a man places a stack of frames next to a pile of garbage on a sidewalk, then returns later to retrieve them.

The authorities in Brazil alerted Interpol after the hotel became they were concerned that the pieces might be smuggled out of the country.

The police said that they had arrested one suspect in the robbery the day after it took place. The statement said that the police suspects in the library hotel had been arrested in April on a separate set (both case - a woman and a man described as the organizer of the crime.

Toni Hovner, an official in the São Paulo government, said on Thursday that recovering the Matisse works out of "nonsense importance" to the city. The police said that they had yet to locate the Puvimart pieces.

Matisse's works are covered by galleries,

museums and collectors around the world, and by art thieves.

His "Vidalopar on the Terrace" was one of three paintings stolen from a private art museum in Italy in March. The thieves broke into the Magnani-Bacca Foundation and left with the three animals after just three datasets, the police said.

And "Vidalopar in Red Pants," taken from a museum in Venezuela, was recovered in 2012 by F.B.I. agents in Miami. They arrested two people who, they said, had been trying to sell the painting.

It was not clear when "Vidalopar in Red Pants" was stolen from the Contemporary Art Museum of Cancer because a lake version of it was placed after the theft.

The eight pieces recovered in Brazil on Thursday were "The Cores," "The Cores," "Matisse Cores," "The Signature of the White Elephant," "The Cedeaux," "The Swimmer in the Aquarium," "The Sweet Swallower" and "The Cowboy"

---

13

JUAN A. RAMIREZ : THEATER REVIEW

Brad Pitt's Remarks

Fuel Sobriety Debate

After saying he now drinks again, experts weigh in.

By MARK WOLVER Brad Pitt went across years without a drink. The line started again — carefully, he said, and we list one's terms.

He mentioned it almost as good as an Shapiro interview published this month. Pitt had gotten "back off the wagon" and now drinks "in a more ventilated manner." Seven in large quantities, he insisted. He had become overcrowded enough of times and pulled back.

His comments stirred up one of the oldest and least settled arguments about sobriety: whether someone who once-dyed Shapiro really can ever drink solely again.

Pitt quit drinking in 2018, the year his marriage to the actress Angelina Jolie collapsed. After she first for divorce, he spent a year and a half to develop a new, more than one-credited the program with getting into a lot. "I had taken things as far as I could take it, so I removed my shading privileges," he told the New York Times in 2020.

Michelin's AmeriOnes became an abstracted model recovery from alcoholism and then are common publicly about members. A representative from the U.S. General Service Office said only that "members of Michelle's AmeriOnes have only one purpose: to stop other members and help other alcoholists to achieve sobriety."

He was in history with A. S. that touched a nerve among people who have bought to stop other, or have found no relatives who have struggled with recovery. People were significantly affected Pitt as a result of holding theirs burned at his own time.

Experts and researchers said the reactions split along three that had less to do with Pitt than with how the people reacting had got into other themselves.

Pitt, during his interview, at he refounded as an out-needed for sobriety. He described where he was and claimed nothing about whom he will be here.

Researchers said that account was less unusual than it sounded. "People with an alcohol disorder also a variety of different

goals through which they creative that alcohol use disorder," said Christopher W. Kahler, director of the Center for Alcohol and Addiction, DeBoo at the Brown University School of Public Health. "Some of those involved being completely abstained, and none of them don't."

Dr. Melissa Weimer, an associ-

ate professor who specializes in addiction medicine at the U.S. School of Medicine, said that alcohol use disorder was a diverse disease. Those who reacted strongly to Pitt's account may have watched others on their own education fail, in themselves or in someone they love, she added.

But treatment does not come in one size, she said. She presents instead for individualized plans, including medication such as naltrexone, which clubs the reward of animals and helps some people cut back.

We do recommend that people stop drinking entirely and probably continue to stop drinking once they have an alcoholism disorder. Dr. Weimer said "But everybody's different, and they have to make their own personal choices."

Dr. Alan DeBoo, the chief medical officer of the Hamilton Betts Food Foundation, the largest nonprofit substance use disorder and mental health treatment facility in the United States, goes further.

Dr. DeBoo said she refused to shame or police how anyone pursued recovery, and she reported the idea of a single correct counselling alternative and nothing else, she said, drives away the people who are still trying to quit.

Deboo also should leave patients where they stand, whether the means abstainers, moderation or harm reduction, walking inside them rather than grading them, she said.

Even when someone relapses, or tests moderation after a severe disorder, the other years still count, Dr. DeBoo said, contrary to some conventional wisdom as addicted. Those people gained coping skills, repaired relationships and improved physical health, she said, and none of that common.

She made Pitt's account as a useful one: sobriety, a return to drinking, a recognition that it was going badly, a correction.

"Sometimes it takes several times," Dr. DeBoo said. "Right now it may just be harm reduction, and that's what's working for him, and if it gets him to a better place, I would support anything that helps a patient decrease their alcohol use and live a healthier life."

Researchers differ on much, but not on this. Recovery, they said, confers no permanent status and has no third-facted or other what a person finds workable now, and whether it holds.

"What someone finds as recovery today may not be where they find themselves in this space," Dr. Kahler said.

From left: Mia Fowler, Chant Room, Leroy Marcus and Rachel Bond in "Know-it-It," written by Sophie McIntosh and directed by Nina Goodheart

Trapped, but Dreaming of Escape

The women don't hold back in Sophie McIntosh's latest play, set at a 19.7 reformatory.

FOR THE PAST FIVE HUNDRED, Sophie McIntosh has chaired an exploration of female innerarity through grave-conscious fear are as clever as her are human. The play weights spellbinding streak began with a 2021 comedy "Manhattan" about village extremes surrogating the world's most "80's" in the country, and the a surrogate high power with the fresh horror pregnancy in the centre of "Cybercrats," from 2021.

Her latest, "know-it-It," at the 2021 Theatre in the East Village, is set at a fictional Manhattan women's reformatory in 1817, evoking the feminist recharacter of trapped-women tropes popularized by works like "G.I., Interregual."

Deep in the laundry room bowels of the Innocent Remember Home, four young women spend their "suburbable" ginsberg. The bodily nature of each work worthy from their social: Emma (Mia Fowler) is used to a, having been repeatedly brought in the furnishing in one work — a woman who goes (Chant Room). The difference is that Emma, who is Black, found a living as a "throat joint," whereas the brush, white Margaret commanded more money and protection at a 150 car.

Sarah (Racal Rave), a Coney Island household singer, maintains don't immerse other soliciting charge, and the seven-faced

Abby (Leroy Marcus) is similarly grabbing first the upstairs Abby has substantial family means and an older team waiting back home. Emma intrigue with her "relevant results" because her mother was once the reformatory's chairwoman.) Abby views the experience as a sort of field trip he when she eventually takes over and charge that "one mistake is hardly a life of us."

"We've all got to start somewhere," Sarah said.

The tragedy of setting it restrictive by design, and with our much room for curriculum.

Newsweek "We've got 'fun.' S of the 2017 Theater in Manhattan, goodpasture, effective.com. Showing from 1 hour hit to page.

tive surprise, the women learn from one another, partner and history shifting alliances, and dream of escape. But McIntosh refuses until character with memorable traits and millions their interactions with a clear-cut honesty about their racial and class differences without overstepping, or overstepping. The writing is also too even very funny and, under Nina Goodheart's direction, only part of the experience.

An authority sensation director who also believes the women's face these pressures, Goodheart is a quarter of itself, allowing the script ample room to be edgy can lift its punitive mission. No scene is left unnamed

for sensitive potential, and one transition, in particular, overarchives not simply for the pleasure of existing in these women's space these again. Goodheart draws performance from her cast that are left to characterizations while it serves to the overall tone. (As Abby, Marcus's demeanor goes on a remarkably physical journey.)

McIntosh and Goodheart run the Good Applies Collection, and their productions often call on the same atmosphere-forward design team. Marcus likes us, arranged around a laundry room, carefully, and even with studio officers piled up like art installations. Page Sobey's lighting is sharp but warm, as are Samson Tewar's period complete. Miss Van's speedy social design is all-dropping out of a figure, guaranteed by someone from a fellow inmate undergoing a painful program.)

The gain and glory of womanhood in central to McIntosh's work. Here, each tale of painfully blended underpursuers is matched by the forty yrs of a secret tryst (who knew worldwatch could be no event), and parallel scenes of bodily discovery are alternately terrifying, and validating. The thought of maternity teachers, specific fear workers, such across considering, or concerned about, the other two would have on her life. When a pregnancy is daily revealed, the making events are almost forced to their ability to keep an engaged. Genre, after all, is part a set of expectations, but another McIntosh continuous audience and, gleefully subvert.

Two Not Touch

Put two stars in each row, column and region of the grid. No two stars may touch, not even diagonally.

Cryptogram

HRJU XTXFQHG P JU GYH GL GPOXP. HFX LJPUH LXS LTGGR VYHHSBU QPX XJARH, LGYP, GBA, UXFXB QBO HSG

FEDUCATION RATING

HOTELBROWN & HARRIS CO., LTD. (1) 2.5% (2) 1.5% (2) 1.5% (2) 1.5% (2) 1.5% (2) 1.5% (2) 1.5% (2) 1.5% (2) 1.5% (2) 1.5% (2) 1.5% (2) 1.5% (2) 1.5% (2) 1.5

KenKen

Fill the grid with digits so as not to repeat a digit in any row or column, and so that the digits within each branch outlined has will produce the largest number of rows. In using addition, subtraction, multiplication division, as indicated in the box, A 4x4 grid will use the digits 1-4, B 4x4 grid will use 1-6.

For more226, www.kenken.com/games

Crossword | Edited by Will Shertz

Play all of our games plus over 10,000 past puzzles for Wanda, Spelling Bee, The Crossword and more online at http://mytimes.com/games. For puzzle tab, visit http://mytimes.com/woodplay.

---

C4

Suit Says Star Defrauded Investors

Selena Gomez is accused of false representation over her mental health platform.

By RUDY TAYLOR

Selena Gomez, the actress, singer and beauty singer, has been accused of defrauding investors in her mental health start-up, according to a federal lawsuit filed on Thursday.

Ms. Gomez co-founded Wondermind, a mental health and wellness platform, with her mother, Mandy Tretley, who is also a defendant in the lawsuit, in 2015, to make mental health content more accessible. But investors say the founders "falsely represented" the official actress, leader-day and resources of the industry, according to the lawsuit filed in 2018.

Investors, representing the two federal's ability companies, said Ms. Gomez and her mother had directly selected nearly 512+ people from the state. They purchased $425,000 of preferred stock in May 2022 and $750,000 in June 2022.

The plaintiffs said they had been told that Ms. Gomez would be "actively building the company's own brand of marketing." But the signed a contract "obligating her to perform and then ignored it." Provided just her ships with J.P. Morgan and Pribble, in which Wondermind would provide mental health and wellness services to that employee, "did not start", advertising deals, celebrity cover issues and a "groundbreaking app" never materialized, the lawsuit says.

While Wondermind "quickly collapsed when there's not one of its hands in, officers, or directors read a word to the investors," the lawsuit says.

The investors said they instead learned about the "later financial and operational disaster in Wondermind" from an article in The Un published in September 2020. The article included allegations of substance abuse among the family. Ms. Gomez's efforts to discover herself from the company, the motor of its chief executive, Juanella Pearson, and failure to pay its employees or vendors.

Ms. Gomez has long been open about intramural health struggles. Wondermind began as a website, with plans to create a "mental illness ecosystem," including an editorial publication, a mobile app and a podcast, with Ms. Gomez to "create immunity services," the lawsuit said.

But Ms. Gomez, Ms. Tretley and Ms. Pearson, who is also named in the lawsuit, con-

The Wondermind co-founder Selena Gomez and her mother, Mandy Tretley, at a panel discussion focused on mental health during the Death by Southwest Federal in Austin, Texas, in 2024.

conced issues and defrauded the investors by claiming that Wondermind "was pre-turning well and joined for success," the lawsuit said.

Ms. Pearson said in a statement that she "categorically denies the allegations against her and welcomes the opportunity to prevent concrete documentation and financial records that establish the fact." She denied using investor feedback personal expenses.

Representatives for Ms. Gomez and Ms. Tretley did not return a request for comment.

During its first round of funding, Wondermind's leaders told potential investors that it had an initial violation of 107 million, and was seeking a $1 million investment. Ms. Gomez, Ms. Tretley and Ms. Pearson collectively controlled about 90 percent of Wondermind's shares, the lawsuit said. Ms. Pearson told investors that Wondermind could have a potential value of over $4 billion, largely because of Ms. Gomez's involvement and celebrity.

Wondermind marketed Ms. Pearson, the founder of The Newswire, an online media company, as "a rising star," according to the lawsuit. Ms. Pearson told Wondermind in 2015, which the plaintiffs believe of the time was "a voluntary departure," according to the lawsuit.

But last August, the two published an article that included claims about Ms. Pearson

suggesting her experience and success with The Newswire. When the plaintiffs interacted Ms. Tretley for an explanation, she told them that Ms. Pearson had misrepresented investor funds, including their own, to fund her lawful lifestyle, the lawsuit said, including to pay for a $40,000 a month apartment in New York City.

Also The Un published in article the trial month, the investors sent Ms. Gomez, Ms. Tretley and Ms. Pearson a notice of recession and demanded a return of their investment funds. Ms. Tretley "never-enhancement-respondent-in-the-notice," the lawsuit claims.

The lawsuit says that Ms. Tretley contacted Andrew Brozek, one of the investors, and suggested that he and the other plaintiffs should hold off on any lawsuit because Wondermind was setting up an reserve account to facilitate the return of their investment.

Ms. Godey Chen "disappeared," according to the lawsuit. The "heaven interaction enslaved the lengths to which the defendants have gone — and will continue to go — is one-attitude found, led by plaintiffs, and could accommodate," said.

In April, Ms. Tretley told the investors in an email that she "thought we had returned our investment," according to the lawsuit, "then Wondermind 'had returned nothing.'"

The plaintiffs are seeking a full jury trial.

At the Scene When You Stuck Was Killed

CONTINUED FROM PAGE 21

The BMW

Tupac Shukar

Mr. Shukar was a popular and court-oversial artist and a commission of the forecasted boat that commanded the ship in the mid-1970s.

While experienced in the stock issues, reprinted above conviction, he signed with Death Row Records, After his release, Mr. Shukar completed his landmark double of how "All Your on Me," including the full collaboration between 2020 with Dr. Eve.

Mr. Shukar, 25, was riding at the front passenger seat of the BMW and was also insurance, dying several days later in a hospital.

Sage Knight

Mr. Knight, a hip-hop singer who helped brand Death Row Records, was driving the BMW to C100-90, a Las Vegas nightclub for cereal. He was geared in the head by the garden and made a 5' out of after the shooting before the police pulled him over.

Mr. Knight has been involved in a series of interviews.

He took part in a casino brand before the

Sage Knight, right, was with Tupac Shukar, left, when both were shot in 2008. Mr. Shukar elected his seventh. Mr. Knight is serving a 20-year sentence in connection with a 2007-08-2008 run of death.

Shoe-by shooting of Mr. Shukar, which violated his probation from an earlier annual charge and led to him serving nearly five years in prison. In 2015, Mr. Knight was arrested and charged in a 10-and-run death after a confrontation on the set of "Straight Outta Conquers." He pleaded no contest to voluntary manslaughter and criminalization created on a 20-year sentence.

Mr. Knight, 41, is on the witness list for Mr. Steve's trial and has consistently returned to discuss Mr. Shukar's shooting with the authorities.

"This trial has nothing to do with me and it somebody brings me there, it's going to hurt whoever brings me there," Mr. Knight recently told ABC News. "I promise you that."

The Cadillac

Duane Davis

Ms. Davis, a high-ranking member of the South Side Conquers Club, has for years told the authorities and the public that he ordered and Mr. Shukar's murder.

The shooting took place, he said, because his nephew Orlando Anderson had been punched and he had after the 10-year fight by a group that included Mr. Shukar and Mr. Knight. His claims led to the reasoning of the cold case and, ultimately, to his arrest in 2021.

Mr. Davis previously said he set in the front passenger seat of the Cadillac and passed a gun to Mr. Anderson in the back seat. But he has resorted his previous statements, with one of his lawyers. Michael Duvall, a former United States Air Force, has been aired on her former. Mr. Davis recently told a local news station that he was not even in Nevada on the night of the fatal shooting.

The 2017-2018 season, the 2018-2019 season, the 2019-2020 season, the 2020-2021 season, the 2021-2022 season, the 2022-2023 season, the 2023-2024 season, the 2024-2025 season, the 2025-2026 season, the 2026-2027 season, the 2027-2028 season, the 2028-2029 season, the 2029-2030 season, the 2030-2031 season, the 2031-2032 season, the 2032-2033 season, the 2033-2034 season, the 2034-2035 season, the 2035-2036 season, the 2036-2037 season, the 2037-2038 season, the 2038-2039 season, the 2039-2040 season, the 2040-2041 season, the 2041-2042 season, the 2042-2043 season, the 2043-2044 season, the 2044-2045 season, the 2045-2046 season, the 2046-2047 season, the 2047-2048 season, the 2048-2049 season, the 2049-2050 season, the 2050-2051 season, the 2051-2052 season, the 2052-2053 season, the 2053-2054 season, the 2054-2055 season, the 2055-2056 season, the 2056-2057 season, the 2057-2058 season, the 2058-2059 season, the 2059-2060 season, the 2060-2061 season, the 2061-2062 season, the 2062-2063 season, the 2063-2064 season, the 2064-2065 season, the 2065-2066 season, the 2066-2067 season, the 2067-2068 season, the 2068-2069 season, the 2069-2070 season, the 2070-2071 season, the 2071-2072 season, the 2072-2073 season, the 2073-2074 season, the 2074-2075 season, the 2075-2076 season, the 2076-2077 season, the 2077-2078 season, the 2078-2079 season, the 2079-2080 season, the 2080-2081 season, the 2081-2082 season, the 2082-2083 season, the 2083-2084 season, the 2084-2085 season, the 2085-2086 season, the 2086-2087 season, the 2087-2088 season, the 2088-2089 season, the 2089-2090 season, the 2090-2091 season, the 2091-2092 season, the 2092-2093 season, the 2093-2094 season, the 2094-2095 season, the 2095-2096 season, the 2096-2097 season, the 2097-2098 season, the 2098-2099 season, the 2099-2100 season

All, Andrew, who consistently denied any involvement in the shooting, was killed in an unseated Conquers gang shootout in 1998. He was 15.

Verence Brown

Mr. Brown, another high-ranking member of the South Side Conquers Club, was driving the Cadillac, according to Ms. Davis. He died in a 2020 shooting at outside bluegrass on dispensary in Conquers at the age of 15.

Squadron Smith

At Smith sat in the back seat next to Mr. Anderson. Reverend Lee, a South Side Conquers Club gang, killed who is on the trail's witness list, told a grand jury that Mr. Smith had confided that he had lived the date into the BMW. During a police meeting, Mr. Smith denied any involvement.

Mr. Smith was 30-years in died from an end cancer in 2004, according to the Los Angeles County cancer's office.

The Lasso

Viber Witnesses

He only helped the coppers' BMW was a senior carrying the Skidell and Hitchens Groomings, two members of Mr. Shukar's hip-hop group, the Oatters, and Frank Alexander, Mr. Shukar's bodyguard.

Mr. Smith, 30, was killed in New Jersey for another after Mr. Lee Vegas shooting. Mr. Alexander, 16, died in California in 2015. Mr. Groomings, who is on the trail's witness list, testified before a grand jury that he could not identify the players for the first time. He was 30, was killed in New Jersey for another after Mr. Lee Vegas shooting. Mr. Alexander, 16, died in California in 2015. Mr. Groomings, who is on the trail's witness list, testified before a grand jury that he could not identify the players for the first time. He was 30, was killed in New Jersey for another after Mr. Lee Vegas shooting. Mr. Alexander, 16, died in California in 2015. Mr. Groomings, who is on the trail's witness list, testified before a grand jury that he could not identify the players for the first time. He was 30, was killed in New Jersey for another after Mr. Lee Vegas shooting. Mr. Alexander, 16, died in California in 2015.

Two families Confront A Nazi Past

CONTINUED FROM PAGE 17

Holland in 2040

They were falling in a town near the border in 2043 when someone betrayed the family. The German subvert in numbers of a man, including 1, 1, The family tried to escape by clashing, and the cool and dropping into the land.

The family had a full property get away. His sister, Helga, 25, was captured and, like some one million other lives across Europe, sent to Auschwitz.

The Zilvers and need to know more precise details of the family's exactly, had betrayed them! She was 1 sure.

"These extra of questions have become increasingly relevant as some European governments create access to secretaries, some international law, others to the political political reach of accused and suspected Nazi collaborators.

For many, the trauma of the Holocaust has forced knowledge such as doing like to disbelieve the people in the country. But now second and then generation family members are getting access to archives of collaboration. In some cases, it's opening old wounds.

In Zilvers and a case it is also suffering new ones, as less renewed curiosity about her family's past, use original into a dispute even who had the right to tell their story, and how.

Hidden History

Besides after the Instagram message, Zilvers and others as a journalist that their might be value in sharing her family history and her interactions with a collaborator's granddaughter. Others might be grappling with unique encounters.

The Zilvers and a New Asian Born, who makes podcasts or Dutch newspapers including the French, where Zilvers and then created. They decided to make a podcast that would tell up being six parts — "The Betrayal of the Zilvers and Family," it would be more hard to put out, but also on events of the present.

To prepare Zilvers and began her own research, wearing her mother's collar for hours with her grandfather's and father's files and talking to relatives, historians and other experts. Boston had already identified in an some book's about her grandmother, Maria-Elisabeth. Intransman-Connography, the latter must, who went by Betsy There was older material online.

Bester's grandmother and her husband, Lambert, had run a cafe in Vorenhove, on the Belgian side of the Dutch-Belgian border. But her grandmother had also worked as an undertone informant for a leading German Gumpengest, Richard Nitsch.

Her stillhood's resistance groups, turned to their members and caught it hard one Jewish family to see her — the Zilvers and a New and others of after the war, Intransman-Connography, he was sentenced to three years, her gained clemency and was released in 2016.

Bester had given to some lengths to learn about her grandmother. In Belgium, those seeking such records from judicial archives must perform the state to see them. Usually they need to prove that her families link to the accused collaborator, or approval from a family member — with a few exceptions for researchers and the like.

Such restrictions are designed to protect the families of collaborators, who after the war had been vilified, their heads sometimes cleared, their clothes torn off. But descendants of the Holocaust victims must re-open themselves from the collaborator's family members.

In her Instagram note to Zilvers and, Boston offered about what she had found in the face.

"I also have the voluminous testimonies of two grandparents, M. Zilvers and and Th. Lebestroth, your aunt Helga, and those to whom the surprised friend, Nicolet, Kraan, Iverand, and the allied renowned girl, 'Should you woke to know more, you are always welcome.'

Who Gets to Tell the Story?

Zilvers and was not the only person interested in reviewing Bester's materials. When Boston outlined what was in the documents, she had asked a historian to read these because the historian had published a book, which was in some of the same figures.

The Dutch historian Marie-Ockx van Hiersen had decided to write a book, with the senators site "The Betrayal of the Zilvers and Family." Jan Hiersen has asserted she came up with the title first. Zilvers and said their name up with it independently for the author and its book's publisher has since changed the title.

Van Hiersen, a self-regarded author who specializes in World War Troopers, was a co-author of two hours a school for the Dutch historian Ad van Lange. He described her as "a very talented writer and a very good and serious creator for." Her 2007 book, "Lakeyman," he said, was a Dutch resistance leader from the southern Netherlands, in the organ where British lives.

Zilvers and said Van Hiersen reached out to her and their son at a cafe, then at Zilvers and was the referee they discussed with the896 grandparents and looked at Zilvers and's family photo together.

Months later, van Hiersen溜溜ed over to Zilvers and's mother, Susan in a body discussion with her mother. The two women and Zilvers and's mother, M. and in the living room with their, going through her father's and grandfather's boses. There were letters,

---

5

C5

Judith Zilversmit, a journalist, at home in Amsterdam with this a related to her family's experiences during the Holocaust. Zilversmit's father, Hans, had fled to Belgium with his parents and his sister when Germany invaded Holland in 1945. In 1953, Zilversmit received an Instagram message about her family from Ingeberg Boston, a Belgian woman who had obtained her own grandmother's criminal life.

newspaper clippings, a yellow Jewish star, documents stamped with swornline, and lists of recent property Zilversmit agreed to let the historian take the bones as research for her book.

"I thought we would work together, each on our own separate property," Zilversmit said. She said she assumed van Hietten would write a book learning on Boston's grandmother and she would hold a personal story in her podcast.

Van Hietten declined to be interviewed by the New York Times until after her book's publication. (No date has been set.) But Zilversmit and Riot resorted their conversations with her and allowed The Times to hear the tapes.

During the conversation, some of which was in the podcast, van Hietten said the material was fascinating but much more than she had anticipated or could carry all on a bicycle. She called a friend with a car to pick her up.

"While they waited, Zilversmit mentioned that she looked forward to hand up from van Hietten if she discovered something exciting in the bones. Van Hietten passed.

"I don't know what you expect," she said. "What you're expecting from me. I can't contribute much in terms of content. So it depends on the focus of your podcast."

Van Hietten explained that she was on a tight schedule with her book, and could not simultaneously do research for the podcast.

The colloquial tone of the conversation sparkly evaporated.

"You can probably tell what would be interesting for us," Zilversmit said. "If you come across something interesting, you could just say, 'Hey, look at this letter.

That would be enough for us."

Van Hietten reported her concerns about her book and said she didn't have enough time to "expect to you about what I came across."

Zilversmit took offense. "I find it strange that I'm giving you all this information, all this stuff," she said, "and you won't share with me what you had. That's crazy."

"I'm going to share it," van Hietten replied. "But in my book."

Zilversmit described in her podcast what happened next.

"I looked at the table," she narrated, "at those boxes that were so carefully preserved by my grandfather and then by my father," Zilversmit said. "I understand what's she's saying, but I can't comprehend it. She would rather keep anything that she finds for her own research. She's not going to do any work for us."

"I insure you can imagine how I find," van Hietten said in the recording.

"Actually, I can't," Zilversmit replied. "It is my family, my material, and you want to hold onto it as you can have success for your book. I find that very unpleasant."

Boston's grandmother? What if the first three of the names of evangelists had betrayed the Zilversmits, after the war she was convicted of having been a collaborator.

Zilversmit's family was hiding in a town near the Dutch Belgian border in 1940 when someone betrayed them. Hans, who was then 3, and his parents got away.

The argument escalated. The podcaster, Riot, turned off the recording device.

When van Hietten's side arrived, she walked out, leaving the boxes on the table.

Across the Border

Van Hietten has argued that Zilversmit's podcast, which streamed in the Netherlands last year, mischievously her as "someone who does not want to share and cooperate and who wants to run off with her family at three."

"I shared my initial research results with Judith in confidence, long before she came up with the idea of making a podcast," she said in a statement she sent in May to members of a panel in Amsterdam that several Zilversmit to speak about intergenerational feelings of World War II trauma and shame.

"My information and book outline titled 'The Betrayal of the Zilversmit Family' played a crucial role in her plan for a podcast," van Hietten said in her statement.

Zilversmit, who disagreed with that conclusion, still had another avenue to have more about her family's history — Boston, after the initial Instagram message, Zilversmit said that she and Boston continued to chat online, and that Boston kept promising Zilversmit could "come with all your questions," and look at the podcast issues.

Before visiting Boston in Belgium, Zilversmit spoke with Riot Cohen at Jewish Social Work in the Netherlands, which helps moonshine at Holocaust victims with research and with the processing of difficult histories. She advised Zilversmit to set appropriate expectations.

"Sometimes people want to have some kind of acknowledgment from the Jewish side that they have also suffered, or that they also have many generational trauma," Cohen said in an interview. "While that may be true, most of the Jewish people from the

second or third generation are not ready to give that. We see how that it's too painful."

Boston declined to speak with The New York Times until van Hietten's book is published. But Zilversmit and Riot resorted their conversations with her during their visit. At Boston's home, a specialist, three-story house, she served Zilversmit and Riot as one-man lunch — egg salad, fish, salads and other dishes that she had been preparing for days. While they are, Boston talked exactly about her family for childhood and her health, which she said would be more for lunch, she led them upstairs to a library hall of books when they continued talking.

Zilversmit asked Boston about looking at the archival material she had received from the government. Boston bullied.

"Oh, yeah, I'm going to keep that closed for me," she said, according to the recording. She explained that she had promised van Hietten that she would not let Zilversmit see it until the historian was finished with her book. "I hope that the trust between you remains," Boston said.

Zilversmit said that her project would not interfere with van Hietten's book, and that she only wanted to tell her own family story. Boston said it was post-fatal perhaps the argument between the historian and the journalist bolder down to who should make them public first.

"The two things you want completely side by side," Zilversmit replied.

But Boston would not budge. When the conversation was over, Boston took the western upstairs to the attic and showed them paintings she had made. Zilversmit was surprised — some expected names from a book that Zilversmit's aunt, Helga, had written about her experience in surviving the Holocaust.

The moment. "Through the 82s of the Sunday, published in 1956, she drew the terror of the family's betrayal. Helga's mother praying from the rest, letting an electrical pole and plunging the neighborhood into darkness, her father hiding behind a chimney. Helga's father was prayed, hurt and captured," her brother, Hans, able to escape and climb on a painting man.

Impressed for time in a military barracks, Helga was later sent to the Nazi death camp. Anasthetic Behrens, where, healthy and young, she was picked to make hand grenades and to move the baby carriages at munitions' children, those of the carriage-hall testify bears and milk bottles.

"We still heard their screams," she wrote. "Our Boston painting showed the carriages in flames. Another the gates of anasthetic lines was depicted running for the train, Helga of her typewriter.

"I looked it completely sarcastic, to find that there were pictures of my family, here in a Belgian attic," Zilversmit said in an interview.

The Podcast

Zilversmit's podcast began streaming in November. The episodes show more than a half-million listeners, which ranks as very popular in the Netherlands, a country of 18 million people.

Zilversmit told her because that her family's greatest betrayal was initiated by Boston's grandmother. But she said she thought they had been miscreased again. She could not make sense of van Hietten's unwillingness to share information with her. And why would Boston reach out to little access to the records only to withhold them?

You also said to an interview she might be able to access the records herself through a researcher — and still might — but that makes the point.

In May, Zilversmit was invited to participate in the panel on intergenerational trauma and shame. The discussion, "Overemphasis: Dealing With a Lizard Family Post," was the key for Reds, a prominent Amsterdam cultural venue that hosts lectures and debates.

Before the event, van Hietten wrote to De

Reds, in Zilversmit and to other members of the panel to express her feelings. Zilversmit said the organization shared copies with The Times.

Van Hietten said she felt that she had shown respect for Zilversmit as a descendant of Holocaust victims and did not think she had been treated fairly.

"It is, of course, not a question that Judith has a right to her family's way to win," she wrote. "However, she seems to think that she is also untrustworthy. The owner of many hours of research work by someone else—in this case, mine!"

"Agreed my will and without my permission," she continued. "I play a significant role in her podcast that is damaging to my reputation as a researcher and as a human being."

She disputed that she had given her permission to be on a or podcast and said some of the recordings had been "partly covers!"

On the phone, there is no discussion of whether van Hietten connotes to being in the podcast. But Zilversmit says the fashionist was fully aware she was being taped, as van Hietten spoke into the microphone and introduced herself. Riot has a photo of what she said was their meeting in Zilversmit's apartment and the recording equipment in visible as front of van Hietten.

At De Reds, the discussion in the theater began with Zilversmit discussing her podcast with the audience, Janice Mooseman. She outlined her concerns over access to her family's records and spoke of her surprise at seeing: "anatomy" of paintings of her family members in Boston's house.

Anatomy someone began shooting from the audience. It was Boston. She wanted to

Boston attended a panel discussion in May about intergenerational trauma and shame. She said about Zilversmit, who was on the panel, about details in Zilversmit's podcast.

correct something Zilversmit had said. Tension filled the room. Mooseman asked Boston to come to her comments and questions for the rest of the discussion.

Roughly as hour later, Boston was given the opportunity to speak to on the audience. She said she thought the podcast was well done and effective in creating drama and drawing in lectures.

"But there are things where I think that, well, this is no longer an objective representation of children," Boston said. "So I a subjective work that you have created, and in some part what an longer corresponded with reality at all."

There weren't hundreds of paintings, she added, just 10 to 10. They weren't about the Zilversmit family and images from Helga's book. She went on to a lot, and then the moderator stopped back in.

"Not been, of course, your story, and Judith has her story," Mooseman said. "It will never be our story, and maybe these two stories can never really come together."

Zilversmit, sausage, took stock. "Maybe it's all at 2:01 Cohen said in the podcast," she offered. "Maybe the time to just not yet ripe in this generation, for this kind of conversation. Maybe in the next generation."

---

C6

n

'We all have to find our own way forward. And we're not alone. There are others around us.'

Waltz, News & Media, 2020, New York Times

She's Now Sharing Other Tales of Survival

CONTINUED FROM PAGE C1

Share/Substand

Since 1940, it's when she was kidnapped in the middle of the night from her bedroom in her family's Salt Lake City home by Brian David Mitchell. She was then held captive and brutally abused by late and late wife, Wanda Barlow, for nine months before being rescued.

Now 10, Smart lives outside Salt Lake City with her husband and three children. She has long worked to raise awareness around issues of child safety, sexual assault and trauma recovery, as past through the Elizabeth Smart Foundation, and says that podcast feels like the next meaningful step.

"There's nothing more powerful than when the survivor of the story is the person sharing their story," she said.

Here are edited excerpts from our conversation.

This podcast is a bit of a hybrid part documentary style, part intimate conversation. Why was this the best format for you to examine such stories?

It is very important for our listeners to understand the magnitude of not just the stories, but of the people themselves – what they've been through. So we have our guests walk us through, beat by boat, what happened. What was going through first mind? How did they feel in that moment? What did they think was going to happen next? Did they think anyone else was aware? So our listeners can feel connected and understand just how important the children and the moving forward part is.

Because if you don't understand the depth of how dark it was, how can you understand how incredibly bright they shine now?

It's really easy when we hear other people share stories to sit down and be like: "Well, why didn't they do that? Well, why didn't they do this?" As a survivor myself, I understand where the curiosity comes from, but I also understand how hurtful it can be hearing someone be, like: "Well, why didn't you run? Why didn't you scream?"

So when we have a survivor sharing what happened, it's small source to be, like: "OK, I understand what was going through your mind. I understand why that wasn't an option."

In someone who has been interviewed extensively for decades, what changes for you when you stop into the role of interviews?

My No. 1 concern is just making sure that people feel comfortable because they are sharing the worst moments of their life with me. If they're feeling too emotional, if they

Elizabeth Smart, top with her cat, Monty, says, "There is no timeline on leading shows, volunteers heading out to search for her in 2019 after she was abducted from her home in Utah.

feel like this is too hard, I will always tell them, 'Do we need to stop away from that?' "I'll say: 'If I ask you a question and you don't want to answer it, you don't want to talk about it, just tell me. That is fine. This is your story. We want it in your words.' I'll tell my guests, 'If you have a better question for me to ask, or a better way to ask that question, please tell me.'"

Has there been a moment where a guest said something that changed or expanded your perspective on leading?

I've been saying it for years, but it just brought new meaning, reaffirmed it to me. Having time turned survivors of all sorts of hostile, nightmares and just unimaginable things, there is no timeline on leading. Maybe that's one of the most important messages that this podcast will just out there because we have guests on who experienced something. My team age, and it's still a work in progress. There is no magic formula. We're all just doing the best that we can. We all have to find our own way forward. And we're not alone. There are others around us.

What is one recurring theme about human resilience that has stood out to you most across those episodes?

Certainly just the strength of humanity is incredible. It's no common – I have people come up to me and say, 'I could never go through what you did.' And honestly, if I heard someone share my story, and it wasn't me, I'd probably think the same thing. But you don't know how strong you are until you're going through something.

That's true of every person that I've interviewed. Nobody thinks they're that strong until they don't have another direction to go in, until they are forced to be that strong.

It's about taking that next step, that next breath, making it through that next minute.

Your case received extraordinary media coverage, but thousands of missing persons — particularly Indigenous, Black and marginalized individuals — never get a fraction of that attention. Now do you feel about what's been coined 'missing white woman syndrome' in the time-crime space?

They're not wrong. If I hadn't been white and blood and grown up in an affluent neighborhood, would my story have gotten the attention that it did? No, it wouldn't. It's not fair. It's not right. So absolutely I want to share stories of people from every walk of the because it shouldn't just be reserved for the white blood women of the world.

Also, at the end of the day, I'm not going to be sorry that my case received the attention that it did, because I'm here. I'm alive. Do we need to do more? Themed percent, yes. Do we need to change? So much change needs to happen. But I will forever be grateful for the attention that my case got.

**The time crime genre and its fanatonic have a reputation for crossing boundaries. What do you think about this)^{[1]}

There is a line to walk. I also find it very interesting that for many people, that's the last thing they watch or listen to before they go to bed at night. How do I make sense of that? I mean, I can't. But then I am immersed in the world of fighting sexual assault and violence and abuse and kidnapping. So that's kind of my day-to-day. But I certainly don't want it to be the last thing I think of before I go to sleep.

ALISSA WILKINSON | DOCUMENTARY LENS

Five Aging Friends on Life And What Matters Most

'The Bend in the River' weaves footage from earlier films shot decades apart.

AGING COMES WITH a list of baggage, and the emotions that accompany self-reflection are most important to all. The Bend, who are the subjects of Robb Moon's new documentary, 'The Bend in the River' (as literature), have reached their 70s and are doing plenty of reflecting on a result.

They first appeared in Month show 'Riverdogs,' filmed in 2019 as he and his friends, all in their 10s, worked on guides on the Colorado River. Decades later, he visited five of them, firmly announced in middle age, for his 2001 film 'The Same River Twice.'

'The Bend in the River' returns the first — Danny Silver, Jim Tolcman, Cathy Shore, Jeff Golden and Barry Waterman — some 20 or so years later, and those tattoos to up on their lives by wearing footage from the previous movies into new conversations. Often the years blood into one another quickly, showing how time has changed his subjects. We see them young, hounded and

very unite, scampering around the riverbanks, and then older but still strong, penned with the canoe of family and work, and now, visibly beyond physical peak and thinking about what it's all meant.

'I think our legacy, it's got to be more than salad bars and Bill Clinton,' Silver says, re-đivings on her government legacy with a awful smile.

Kino that his friends watch excerpts from the previous films and comment, they talk about how beautiful they were without knowing it when they were young. They shaken how back then, they thought they understood what aging would be like, but really they had no idea. They remark on the things that seemed as if they mattered but bitter, and those that didn't seem to matter but did. Often their message are pregnant in the most unassuming way. 'Whatever life has to offer, 'I already either did it or didn't do it at this point,' one says. Time changes the way you look at the past and the future.

None of these people are famous, though these have run for public office, including Golden, whose campaign for state senate is captured in 'Bend.' No man into a snag when activists discover 'The Same River

Twice,' in which he talks about cheating on Shaw, whom he had married and then ill-voiced. The point of a film like 'Bend' and to illuminate the lives of well-known people, instead, the five and them himself are a lot like senators for viewers, who have reached the same age, or who will, if they're lucky. What does it mean to live a full life? When the road ahead to sharper than the road behind, what will you think about? In this way, 'The Bend in the River' sits alongside a few

recent documentaries by other filmmakers looking back at their lives, like Ralph Arley's 'I Like A River' and Ross McGinnis's 'Bemake.' They're all funny and awful and sometimes getting, because as the people intervene, maintain on the meaning of their own lives, they spot us to mail our own. In 'The Bend in the River,' a lot of simple observations and moments add up to something profound. So wisdom moulds up on you, just like age.

Jim Tolcman, left, and four friends reflect on their lives in Robb Moon's new documentary.

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2 ASTROMENT

Last week's eclipse offered scientists a chance to study more than just the sun.

3 PUBLIC HEALTH

Gaining knowledge about wildfire smoke as it affects a growing number of Americans.

4 ASH WELL

Is the BRAT diet, with its bland foods, really the best way to treat a stomach bug?

SCIENCE | MEDICINE | TECHNOLOGY | HEALTH

ScienceTimes

The New York Times

TUESDAY, AUGUST 18, 2020 81

More Jaguars, if Not for a Wall

By DOUGLAS MAHN

Movement triggers a trail camera in a wildlife preserve in northern Sonora, Mexico, two miles south of the border with the United States. It captures two adult jaguars wearing through oak thickets and tall grasses. The cars look relaxed, softly vocalizing to each other.

It's remarkable to see any jaguars in these borderlands. But to observe two together in unheard of, said Garrett Martin, a researcher with the environmental group Borderlands Restoration Network. Even more pre-dropping so that one of the big cars looks to be a female.

"When I saw it, I was excited," Dr. Martin said of watching the video in 2023. "I thought, 'This is fantastic.'"

No native female jaguars have been seen in the United States, or anywhere particularly close, for over 70 years. So Dr. Martin waited for more evidence before he went public. He collected several more sightings of the car, which he and his adviser named Adela.

Then, this year, a camera-trap video surfaced that gave a clear view of another jaguar's rear end, proving, according to Dr. Martin and other car experts, that the male vidual in question is a female.

"It's a game changer," said Eamon Har-

Procreation of the endangered species and its expansion back into the United States is thwarted by the construction of new border fencing.

A jaguar in the Sonoran Desert, too, captured by a trail camera in 2023. Above, Eamon Harriot, a wildlife program director, checking a camera along the border wall in northern Arizona.

rity, a researcher with Sky Island Alliance, a conservation science group.

Including Adela, five or ten jaguars have been recorded at the wildlife preserve, Conca Lee (ten, since 2020, suggesting that the jaguar is closer than previously thought to re-establishing a population on the doorstep of the United States.

"It totally defines the narrative that female jaguars are over 100 miles to the south," Mr. Harriot said. "They could be a day away from the U.S., or already here." At the same time, the only known jaguar in the United States, a male named Cino, has been roaming throughout northern Arizona. He has everything he needs—except a man.

Geopolitics might get in the way of his acquiring one. Since 2023, contractors working for the Department of Homeland Security have finished 58 miles of new wall along the U.S.-Mexico border and 40 miles of secondary fencing. In Arizona, many areas of the border will soon have two 30 feet walls right next to each other. This barrier is poised to cut off three of the four most important remaining wildlife corridors between Mexico and Arizona, threatening the jaguar's re-estimation despite all the possible recent signs.

The wall, Mr. Harriot said, would make it construction so real.

Predicting Alzheimer's

Blood tests to help determine who might get the disease are causing confusion and distress. Page 7.

Persistence Made Her Patient No. 1

A woman's determination leads to a clinical trial of a treatment for her rare genetic disorder.

By GINA MULATA

Nexus Nizar is tiny, just 3 feet 9 inches tall. Her arm bones curve inward just above her wrists and elbows. Her ribs are bent, her neck bones are bent, her skull is bent, the one-a-wheed hair and rather-brown constant pain. But she's energetic, enthusiastic and charismatic.

For 10 weeks this summer, she lived in a hospital room at the National Institutes of Health, in the air and only participant in a study of an environmental drug for her rare genetic disorder, Samet's disease. Only 10 people in the world are known to have Samet's—and three of them are Ms. Nizar and her two is in.

She is not expecting to be cured during the trial. Samet's has distorted her bones to the point of his return. But if the experimental drug works as expected, the next construction so real.

Nexus Nizar is among 50 people worldwide living with Samet's disease. A dog being tested will not care her, but the hope is that it will protect others against the disease's debilitating effects.

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D2

n

THE NEW YORK TIMES, TUESDAY, AUGUST 18, 2026

Observatory

FINANCE, EVENTS AND WORK

ELLIPSE ENERGY

Darkness Fell Across Parts of Europe, and Researchers Got to Work

As the eclipse darkened the sky over Greenland, Iceland and Spain last Wednesday, millions gathered to see the spectacle unfold. Scientists looked especially intently, hoping to learn more about the sun and its unique relationship with our planet.

Before the eclipse began, scientists were making predictions about the shape that the sun's outer atmosphere, the corona, would take. The sun's magnetic field, which determines this shape, is also the force that drives solar wind, solar flares and coronal mass ejections,

all of which send material from the sun out into the solar system.

Matching predictions about the sun's corona to direct observations during an eclipse can help scientists check their understanding of the sun's magnetic field and refine their forecasts of the space weather it can cause.

NASA used jets equipped with special cameras capture views of the corona. They also sent weather balloons into the path of totality — the area in which the moon completely blocks the sun — to understand how the eclipse's sudden

darkness affects our atmosphere.

"The sun impacts our daily life, satellites and astronauts in space, and we can take advantage of this moment to advance our understanding of that influence," Kelly Koevick, the eclipse program manager at NASA Headquarters in Washington, said in a statement.

Teams in Iceland released dozens of the agency's weather balloons before, during and after the eclipse to create a timeline of its effects on the size of Earth's "boundary layer," the lowest part of the atmosphere. Three teams in Spain

also released balloons equipped with 360-degree cameras and sensors to see how darkness affects ozone production.

Citizen scientists also had the chance to get involved with eclipse work, submitting videos to researchers of phenomena like daytime light pollution — excess artificial light outdoors — and eclipse shadow bands, the rippling patterns of shadow that move across the ground just before and after totality.

(Above, the Roque de los Muchachos Observatory on La Palma in the Canary Islands in Spain.) E. C. COLLINS

WATSON WARD WRIST

When Fraggle the Dolphin Refused to Part From Yet Another Dead Calf

The video is haunting. A dolphin carries the dead body of her 2-week-old calf and a pool of dolphins south of Perth, Australia. The footage was posted last month by Geographic Marine Research, a whole conservation organization. The group is familiar with the mother, whom it has named Fraggle, and her struggles. She had already lost three other calves, and giving birth to a bearer during winter in the Southern Hemisphere posed an immediate challenge to the calf's survival.

"We still had hope she had a chance to be a mum again," the group wrote in a widely shared social media post. The group proposed that Fraggle's calf had died of pneumonia.

Different types of dolphins are known to carry their dead offspring for days, if not weeks, said Lori Marras, a conservationist and founder of the Whale Sanctuary Project. "It's absolutely clear that this is a mother-growing (or her child)," she said.

Dr. Marras noted that while other footage of growing dolphins

had been captured, what was notable in this video was the placement of the surrounding dolphins. "It's not just her with her dead calf," she said. "There's a recognition on the part of the whole pool that there is something going on here."

Groups of cetaceans — a term for a marine mammal that includes dolphins and whales — are known for their emotional bonds with one another and for their expressions of grief.

In 2019 an orca named Tablepark was seen carrying her dead calf near British Columbia for more than two weeks over a thousand miles.

"What is most remarkable in these cases is that the mothers don't have hands and live in an aquatic medium where they have to regularly surface to be eaten as well as food," Susana Moore, a philosopher and author, wrote in an email. "This makes kidding on to the verges something very difficult and shows a strong motivation on the part of the mother." NICHOLAS

BLACK HOLE MERGER

In 700 Million Years or So, Cosmic Trio Lands a Duo Gig

When a group of astronomers set out two years ago to map parts of the ancient cosmos, they hoped to find galaxies that contained two black holes. The universe did them one better. They found a galaxy (shown above) with three.

It's the first time scientists have found evidence of a young galaxy that from three active supermassive black holes, according to a paper published in the journal Astronomy & Astrophysics. Two of them are so close together that they appear to be on the verge of merging.

Virtually all the massive galaxies astronomers have studied have black holes of their centers, said Hannah Uhler of the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics and the lead author. Some pairs and triplets have been observed in nearby galaxies, but never a triplet in far from Earth. Their distance, which is more than 12.5 billion light-years away, dates them to within one billion years of the Big Bang.

The snapshot of two black holes before they combine suggests that black holes have been growing, consuming stars and gases and shaping galaxies since the universe began. That merger may happen in 700 million years or so. Such a discovery wasn't possible until about four years ago, when the James Webb Space Telescope began capturing images of cosmic light that has been traveling from the outer reaches of the universe for over 15 billion years. KIMBERLY NORTHEAST

'I've been spraying paraquat since I was 10, and I don't have Parkinson's.'

Chris Goodman, a farmer in 7th County, Ga., who uses paraquat to kill pigweed, on growing concerns over the potential harmful health effects of the chemical.

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D3

It's Over, but an Algorithm May Keep You Heartbroken

A stream of breakup content shows how social media firms fail to protect users, experts say.

By JONATHAN WOLFE

Just days after she ended a relationship with her boyfriend, Joanne Barnett protected and read with it her TikTok test. The comedy sheeches and shows that that she typically enjoyed were suddenly replaced by a constant char of videos about breakupt.

At first, Ms. Barnett, a 27-year-old accountant from Atlanta, estimated the de-tour into heartbreak, which included deep down on attachment styles and relationship antispices. After seven at weeks, she wanted to move on but the algorithm wouldn't be her.

Her feed had devolved into earnings of weeping women and our social readers per-lling insights into her sex's people. She made several attempts to block the breakup content, she said, but it continued to re-appre

"I'm like, 'Phone, I don't want to see that anymore because it's making me way to that depressive state," she said, recalling her predicament two years ago. "I don't want to feel sad anymore."

It's common for people to a vulnerable state after a breakup is that their social media feeds awards to such content.

You can go "no contact" with your on, one TikToker says in an explosive-laden post, because, she says, the person you are making is lame. Another keeps while a motivational voice-over message plays. Others call guaranteed outlining glass for winning back on on.

In social media companies face increasing scrutiny over unknown design features and accusations that their algorithms can feed users' harmful content, special health advocates are putting their own attention handling of breakup content as a much example of their failure to protect users.

Sivering people who have exited a relationship toward a never-eating well of breakup content, which could increase engagement by trapping them in a state of criminality and grief, can have severe consequences for their mental health and raises a host of thorny ethical questions, experts say.

"When people are going through a romantic breakup, there's a way to which long unmerited so much is the content and thinking about the person that's to be, over a long period of time, can make it hard for them to recover," said Ault Halpern, a professor of bioethics at the University of California, Berkeley, who is writing a book about grief.

TikTok's algorithm is unconditionally good at figuring out its user's preference and of being up-criational demand of videos to keep them engaged.

On BreakingTok, as the center of the platform dedicated to heartbreak is known, videos include personal breakup narratives, advice on going "no contact" with former partners, post-relationship glow-ups and a mixed bag of guidance, including advice from licensed therapists and breakup coaches.

Dr. Michael Rich, the founder of the Digital Wellness Lab at Boston Children's Hospital,

Kitty Bennett contributed research.

trial, said TikTok seems to be remarkably responsive during times of heightened vulnerability because of "new headiness." He said it was an example of an important item-to-be social media companies — increased engagement time — working against the mental health of the user.

TikTok cannot actually read human emotions. The app tracks user behaviors — including video watchcovers, scroll speed and whether someone likes, shares or comments — and collects the data to determine what videos the algorithm should show next.

Feeding a stream of breakup-related content to people who recently split up with a partner could cause them to interact with the app too frequently or for too long, disrupting their natural-looking, Dr. Rich said. "I am pressing, because, indeed they are try to process grief and keep them from swellie moving on.

"It's like tipping the scale off time and again," he said. "It's taking you back and saying, 'Let's relive this in some way,' with the guise of helping you."

Research has shown that social media use after a breakup can be detrimental. Accidental exposure to air et, or searching for information on that person, can lead to distress and more negative feelings while creating emotional recovery and inhibiting personal growth. Other studies have found that even when users look steps to remove ones from their online lives, social media stress resurfaced them — sometimes multiple times per day.

With breakups, experts often point to the endless nature of some social media feeds, features including notifications and 'likes' that might encourage overseas and, now, the rise of diabetes.

"In hindsight, I realized I saw a lot of posts that were ignorant or biased but presented so fact."

"Beyond breakups, these manipulative technology people to overuse social media and chatters have been associated with decreased mental health and, in youth, actual suicidal actions and severe mental health outcomes," Dr. Halpern said.

TikTok declined to comment. The company has acknowledged in the post that news videos can "unadversally reinforce a negative personal experience for some viewers, like if someone when recently ended a relationship comes across a breakup video."

In address this, the company said in 2021 that it had designed its 'Fire Year' page to "interrupt repetitive patterns" and that it had implemented with ways to avoid recommendations against content "that may be free as a single video but problematic to use in the future." The app also provided wellness features, like tools to limit screen time and opportunities to help people relax and unwind.

Also, what a extra Instagram and Facebook, said in a statement that it offered ways for people to cause recommended content, including tools that limit certain types of posts or videos or block those that use specific words — like "breakup" or "overreaching" — in hindsight or captions. In December, the company announced a new tool that it said gives Instagram users more control over their algorithms, allowing people to see and edit the topics the company thinks users care about now.

YouTube declined to comment, but last year it updated its features designed to protect teenage users, including initiatives to disrupt negative viewing habits and highlighting initiatives to take breaks.

Experts said some users, however, argue that many of these features have been "a trophy

kept heavy streams of breakup content out of people's feeds and don't go far enough to safeguard their mental health.

Still, not everyone has a bad experience with breakup content on social media, foster more than a name-tower that they enjoyed it because it helped normalize their experience or offered useful advice, like how to regulate their nervous system or meditate.

"I felt most," said Ann-Bass, D. of Orlando, president of the U.S. relationship this spring. She said that much of the content she commensless Instagram helped her unattended the times in her relationship and cope with the loss.

Others were more critical. Jason Salette, who is in his late 20s, said the breakup content be watched, primarily on Instagram and YouTube, was "totally addictive."

He said he would spend hours a day on social media, watching videos on attachment theory or content from creators, including "a pilot" and "a" promising ways to fix his relationship.

"I wanted this hope," he said.

He said that the content showed his recovery and dedicated him from focusing on social media, "noted to him, like work, friends and hobbies."

"It hasn't prolonged my grief because of the way it's designed," he said. "That's what they want it to do, so that you continue to promote the videos."

Overall, he added, the content damaged his view of dating.

"In hindsight, I realized I saw a lot of posts that were ignorant or biased but presented so fact," he said. "They often presented pessimistic and narrow-minded views about dating, and at my lowest point, I identified with them."

When someone is experiencing deep grief, the堵塞ible — the part of the brain that initiates the fight-or-flight response — takes over and it can be difficult to access the media, and it is not that that being more perspective, said Jeff Gershter, a licensed therapist who posts on TikTok about breakups and relationships to nearly three million followers.

"In three moments, you're going to seek out videos — or complex — that make you continue to feel like something is really, really wrong," he said.

Mr. Gershter said that there was a lot of helpful breakup content on TikTok, including from professional breakup coaches or users posting about their personal experiences. But there was also a lot of "incredibly engaging" content that he saw as unhelpful, unattended, and unattended that he said.

"So you never really get an opportunity to grow and to retire and to look at your part," he said.

A lot of the content targets users in the bargaining stage of grief, when they might hold out hope that their relationship can be repaired or there on with some back, he said. It's a difficult move to navigate, even for a therapist, and use in which the person is particularly susceptible to exploitative content.

Mr. Gershter's test to subtly realize people "out of the bargaining stage," he said, but that is not what he sees the algorithm serving, with differences leading into "false hope."

"I feel like the loss qualified you are, the better your breakup content works now," he said. "Before us in, you know, you'll get more engagement."

Interest Surges in the Harms of Wildfire Smoke

Researchers find people are being exposed to more toxins than previously known.

By RANGAR ASTOR

A decade ago, wildfire smoke was barely on many Americans' risks.

But ignored by Gunter, change, here now rage on the West Coast every summer. Smoke spores down from Canadian forests. The Northwest, Midwest, Northeast, South-east and Southwest have all been affected. And we're learning more about what that means for our health.

Scientists have found that people are being exposed to more toxins than previously known, and beyond changing lungs, wildfire smoke may affect health, health and other organs. One study in 2016 estimated that smoke could kill up to 5 million people in the United States over the next three decades.

This area of science is rapidly developing, and many conclusions aren't definitive — partly because the studies generally can't prove causation. (It would be hard and very likely unethical to design a randomized study that deliberately imposed people to wildfire smoke.)

"It's a bit of a young bird," said Dan Westervelt, an associate research professor at Columbia University. But he added, recent research is compelling.

Here is some of what scientists have discovered.

The smoke can be unusually toxic.

Wildfire pollution is often measured by the concentration of airborne particles from air, which is which can penetrate deep into the lungs.

But that can undermine risk, said Ken Nadeau, a physician and dean of the U.C.A. Building School of Public Health, who is studying the study process of the 2025 Los Angeles Fern. That's because PM2.5, a primary pollution measure by an quality nutrient, doesn't reflect other substances that wildfire smoke can contain, is among them, and that it is not a problem.

Some research suggests profoundly that wildfire smoke may be more harmful than air pollution from other sources, like

car exhaust. Even in populated areas may be especially toxic, Dr. Nadran's team found, because they consume things like buildings, vehicles and electricity.

Scientists are also starting to appreciate how greatly this fires can differ depending on what they burn and how far the smoke crowds, said Rima Slater, director of the CLINA Center at the University of Southern California, which studies health effects of extreme weather.

It may harm many organs.

Studies have found associations between wildfire smoke and cardiovascular hospitalizations, diabetes complications, premature cancer, negative regulation and other problems, in addition to respiratory effects, including asthma attacks.

A 2024 study linked wildfire smoke to

The hazy view from the observation desk at the CN Tower Park, which as wildfire smoke hung over downtown Toronto.

Even low-level exposure can add up, and many questions remain.

double from cardiovascular, digestive, endocrine and kidney diseases. And so does the entire smoke, which is strictly without attacks can increase within an hour, said Richard Bruner, a professor at the University of British Columbia who also does research at the University of Washington.

Research also supports others has expanded significantly, said Stephanie Chisiel, an associate professor at Staten France University. In 2012, Dr. Chisiel was the lead author of a study that found smoke exposure to a associated with lower scores of a "brain training" game. Research also suggests a link between cumulative exposure over a school year and lower standardized test scores, other studies show a possible impact on the 10th century.

These neurological associations are not definitive, but several experts contribute an an area where science is advancing rapidly

and evidence is beginning to accumulate. There are also indications that the risk of preterm birth, and of our and respiratory infections in infants, may increase as exposure levels during pregnancy increase.

Total exposure matters.

The most intense smoke events — the ones that feel out the sun and make the air smell like a campfire — got the most attention.

But lower-level exposures over time, even in the "moderate" category on air quality infancy, add up, said Kai Chen, an associate professor at the Yale School of Public Health. There is no amount of smoke exposure that scientists can say confidently isn't harmful. As exposure increases, so does risk.

Dr. Chen suggested using masks and air filters more frequently.

"It's not just a few days in these extreme events that you have so large ideas that you need to protect yourself," he said. "It is also the days when the sky looks OK," but air quality infancy at weather reports indicate smoke is a process.

A 2023 study linked average wildfire exposure over three years to the risk of death from all causes. The more exposure, the greater the risk, whether exposure was low for preventive or cause in severe but isolated events.

Another 2022 study looked at nine years of data and found that an smoke exposure increase, American over 60 had a higher risk of dying from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. And, in a 2020 study of people who have been smoking, the increase in exposure over an little air two years were associated with a higher risk of stroke — the longer the exposure, the greater the risk.

Many questions remain, and research is not only a way to support difficulties caused by federal funding cuts.

The goal is to guide public health actions. Dr. Slater is said it was urgent, for instance, to develop better monitoring tools for substance use.

But Dr. Nadeau said Dr. Chen said the best way to mitigate risks would be to prevent the catastrophe fires we're seeing. That means addressing the real cause above all else: climate change.

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D4

THE NEW YORK TIMES, TUESDAY, AUGUST 19, 2006

New Technology Helps Locate 'Hidden' Sperm

Artificial intelligence may make it possible for men thought to be infertile to father children.

By ANDREW ZALEZKO

The hardest part of Dr. Zev Williams's job as a fertility job is can is telling a man. "You're not going to be a father."

Male infertility contributes to an attack on 40 percent of all infertility cases worldwide. While a typical cause a sample contains hundreds of millions of sperm, men with azoospermia, which affects about 10 percent of all infertile men, have zero or very low sperm in a sample.

Some cases are known as obstructive, in which a fundal blockage prevents sperm from getting into semen. Other cases are nondestructive, where the biological machinery for generating sperm is broken, and the chances of fathering children plummet.

"That is really one of the most heart-breathing, devastating and surprising diagnoses you can give to patients," said Dr. Williams, director of the Columbia University Fertility Center.

Lastly, however, he is sharing encouraging news with men who hope to be father. For those with extraordinarily low sperm counts who have been considered azoospermia, sometimes several "hidden" sperm are present. Anything a sample under a microscope with the human eye often misses those individual sperm cells. Now, some of these men are benefiting from a novel technique developed by Dr. Williams and his team at Columbia called the STAR system.

Much is the same way that astronomers use machine-burning algorithms to uncover new objects in the night sky. STAR-Sperm Tracking and Recovery -- uses artificial intelligence to locate difficult-to-find sperm.

Samples of semen are introduced by syringe into a microfluidic chip the size of a mole of germ, where the sample flows through a common shower tube or shower has. As it passes through the channel, a high-powered magnifying lens connected to a high-speed camera takes about 300 images per second. The whole setup is connected to a computer, where A.I. quickly assesses these images. If the A.I. tool opens a spot in cell, it prompts the computer to open a small side valve on the microluidics channel into which the cell is captured.

When you look with your naked eye at night, you can find a lot of stars! Dr. Williams said "the using a telescope reveals a low-mass color when this is doing. It's giving us an ability that is beyond what a method is typically capable of."

Usual methods to find sperm cells in unexposed cases of azoospermia involve markedly leading through the operation under a microscope. It's tedious work. Scanning a single sample can take about eight hours to complete, and to find some sometimes can't find sperm, even if they are present. That's because operators contain millions of bits of cellular debris. For men with millions of sperm in their samples, that isn't up-to-date. But for men whose samples may have as low as two or three sperm cells, finding them within that cellular centre is a lofty reward.

Urologists might go on extra step and order an outpatient procedure called a macro-

TESE to slice open the scrotum and look in the seminiferous tubules of the testes, where sperm are created to one if they can locate sperm cells. Sometimes they do. Sometimes they don't.

The STAR system, which took about seven years of development, called out officially as late 2015 at Columbia's fertility center. An article written by Dr. Williams and others and published in The Lancet last November tells the story of a couple who experienced 10 years of infertility. Sperm were found after the 10-year-old man's sample was reached only for a STAR system, and that couple now has a baby girl.

Top, Dr. Zev Williams, director of the Columbia University Fertility Center Dr. Williams's Sperm Tracking and Recovery system, called STAR, employs artificial intelligence to locate difficult-to-find sperm, left.

'It's giving us an ability that is beyond what a human is typically capable of.'

In another instance, a patient's micro-TESE sample was searched over two days with no sperm found. The STAR system, in the other hand, found 44 sperm cells in that same sample in one case.

Across 175 cases, the STAR system has found and recovered sperm 24 percent of the time. From there, the several percent of it wins fertilization taken place. Dr. Williams said there was currently a pregnancy in progress that was made possible after STAR found just two sperm in a man's semen sample.

What the STAR system can't fix are a sort of azoospermia in which men have no sperm at all -- a concern that has become most prevalent over the past decade. Researchers are split as to whether sperm counts are dropping since findings of a major cause analysis published in 2007 argued that sperm counts among Western men had helped over a 40-year period.

Thomas Evans, a professor of environmental medicine and public health at Mount Sinai school of medicine in New York City and a co-author of that study, has argued that if the usual continues, most couples might require assisted reproduction by maleottery. "Spermatizing" is now a term do you in the online wellness community. Other studies, like one published by urologists at the Cleveland Clinic in 2015, found no changes in sperm concentration among fertile American men over the past 30 years or more.

"The truth may still be somewhere between, but I think more and more people,

myself included, are willing to believe that there's a profiling," said Dr. Alexander Pustansak, a board-certified urologist who is the chief executive and a co-founder of Federal Federation.

This year, Potema, based in Utah, claimed that it successfully grew human sperm in the lab. According to Dr. Pustansak, company scientists took term cells from testicular tissue -- the germ cells destined to become sperm -- and added a pregnancy rate of molecules and chemicals to a petri dish to scan those cells into becoming light-fedged sperm. Their parties have yet to duplicate the results, which are not yet published in a peer-reviewed journal. But it could very well represent a milestone in reproductive biology.

"It varies the problem of men who don't make sperm," Dr. Pustansak said. "These men still have all the germ cell precursors. They just don't make sperm efficiently."

Until lab-grown sperm are available, techniques like the STAR system will continue to fill in the gaps. Currently it's available only at Columbia University, with a dedicated team of experts operating these systems. Ultimately, the goal is to create a more unattracted system that other fertility centers can use.

"With zero sperm, you effectively are giving up the hope of a biological child," he said. "With one sperm, you could increase the child, the grandchildren, the great-grandchildren. It's just such a profound moment when you find and recover that sperm."

Curious Costa Rican Monkeys, Face to Face With A.I.

Portable touch-screen stations allow scientists to study intelligence in the wild.

By EMILY AVONOS

One day last summer, a curious video-faced capuchin encountered a strange contraption in the forest. There, in the middle of the Talanga Forest Reserve at Costa Rica, out of 13-inch touch screen, mounted in a wooden frame. At the monkey, an eight-mesh named Papi, began investigating -- picking the device here, prodding it there --. No fingers landed on the screen, flushing, a piece of dried banana dropped into a tray below the frame.

Before long, Papi learned the basic rules of the device: touch the screen, get a dried banana dice, the dice go to end point of the captor Capuchin A.I., a new device designed to assess the cognitive abilities of monkeys in the wild. The testing apparatus, which the researchers described in a new paper, used A.I.-powered facial recognition software to detect capuchin in real time and record their responses to a simple learning task.

The scientists hope that more sophisticated versions of the device, which they planned to begin testing in the coming weeks, will find new high-resolution evolution and intelligence, and answer questions that would be impossible to study in a lab, such as how a monkey's smarts affect its success and survival.

"If we really want to understand how primitive make decisions, if we want to understand how they're using these large brains that they evolved, we have to really put it in the context of the world in which they're navigating," said Mariela Bredon, a prime-occuper of Emory University natural and/or of the new paper, which was published in The American Journal of Primatology last last month. "But that is a lot easier and than done."

The device has been studying the white-faced capuchins at Talanga for years, tagging their behavior, recording their visualizations and measuring their hormone levels. For the new study, she and her colleagues used many different human monkeys to train an artificial intelligence model to identify capuchins and distinguish them from the other animals running the forest.

Then they built a portable testing station equipped with a touch screen, webcam and 3-D printed food dispenser.

The station was designed to detect an approaching capuchin and present it with a simple sort of innovative learning. Could the animal figure out that touching the screen meant receiving a reward?

Last summer, the owner does not put the device to the rest, setting it up in the forest and saying that the monkey's would engage. On the first two days, not a single capuchin appeared.

"And so, you know, in my typical first-

Researchers in the Talanga Forest Reserve said that 10 of the 10 monkeys interacting with a testing station learned how to touch it and learn a reward.

time-researcher, Ph.D.-student Sankou, I was there taking my nails," said Federico Sánchez Vargas, a doctoral student at Emory University and an author of the new paper. "Oh no, I'm going to have to start with a book, for something else."

But on the third day, Papi showed up Eventually, other monkeys did, too. And over the course of multiple testing sessions, 10 capuchins explored or interacted with the new paper.

Not all of them understood the task. One monkey "would bite around the ears where the banana would come out," Mr. Sánchez

Devices will track the progress of individual animals as they encounter new tasks.

Vargas said. "He would get out up of the box and slap the box, but he just did not think to touch the screen."

But 10 of the 10 monkeys learned how to touch the screen to earn a reward, and at least eight of them seemed to retain that knowledge.

This summer, the researchers will pilot test stations with a more sophisticated facial recognition model, one trained to identify and distinguish among individual monkeys. An earlier version of this capuchin identification model, treated as a smaller human brain, was able to identify individual monkeys with more than 10 percent accuracy.

The machines will be loaded with a history of tasks designed to assess a variety of cognitive skills. The tasks include: tests of impulse control, in which monkeys are rewarded for touching green squares and ignoring red ones, and of cognitive flexibility, in which the rules of the green-square, red-square task are observed. The training stations are designed to keep track of such monkeys' progress, picking back up where it left off on the previous session.

The researchers are especially interested in improving individual variation in cognitive skills -- and both the causes and consequences of that variation. Does experiencing adversely take a severe drought, early in life affect cognitive development? Does a good short-term memory help monkeys find food?

"Looking the cognition to read-world challenges, outcomes and ultimately fitness -- that would be the total end goal," Dr. Bredon said.

Still, the researchers have no plans to make much accurate permanent finances on the landscape. "I don't want it to be like walking into a casino when you're walking into the forest," Dr. Bredon said.

And for now, she added, the stations are not designed to be used without human oversight. "I'm not at the point in this yet where I want it to be fully remote," she said. "But maybe ask me in 10 years."

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D5

Through Persistence, She Became Patient No. 1

content on issues such as

participants in the study will be children. The hope to find it could protect them from James's debilitating effects.

Where is not for Ms. Nizar, the trial would never have happened, a rare study of the often herculean effects required to get the necessary attention and funding to explore treatments for a rare disease.

Her extraordinary story is less a road map for other patients living in that a treatment than if in a cautionary tale, showing how evidence it can be to help promising research into real-life therapies when the market for them is too small.

There are an estimated 5,000 to 10,000 rare diseases, said Dr. Matthew Pietress, president of the American Society for Cell and Gene Therapy and director of the Center for Defensive and Curative Medicine at Stanford. Developing a single drug study is cost millions of dollars, assuming that patient admission can even find outcome to manufacture it and discount to ten years on it.

But "the science is there," Dr. Pietress said.

"It's a huge challenge," he added. And although Ms. Nizar succeeded, "you shouldn't have to be a hero of nature to get this going."

MS. NIZAR WAS BORN IN 1978, in Dallas. From the start it was clear she was a sickly baby. She didn't crawl, her bones were bent and her head and eyes were disproportionately large.

Her father, Karen, was an engineer from India who devoted himself to helping his daughter, making custom leather shoes to fit her distorted feet and carrying her up and down the stairs at her school. He spent all his savings caring for her and trying to find out what was wrong.

Ms. Nizar took his daughter to doctor at England and the United States, who placed pins in her boxes in buttons attempts to straighten them. At the age of 1, she underwent her first of several dozen surgeries.

In 2004, when Ms. Nizar was 25, she met at Nebaskum man, Adam Timm, either, two years later they were married. Still she would never be able to have children, she and her husband were no proof when she became pregnant and gave birth to a later-posed baby boy, Arduana Adam. He seemed fine for two years, then his bones began bonding, the bad the same condition as his mother.

"That's when we—my father and I—began sending my X-rays around the world?" is specialists in bone disorders, Ms. Nizar said. The law was vested and, Ms. never never soon anything like this, she added. (Ms. Nizar would go on to have each other on, Jokey Adam, with the same condition as well.)

Ms. Nizar was starting to despair when her father came across a newspaper story that mentioned a pediatric psychologist in India who was diagnosing people with very strange symptoms. He warned Ms. Nizar to meet her.

When they arrived at the office of Dr. Sheela Nampoothari in Kerala on a revolving August day in 2011, she took one look at Ms. Nizar and her X-rays and said, "I know what you have."

Years earlier, Dr. Nampoothari had taken a course in Germany to doleland the disease. The classic professor had shown the students a slide of a patient with James's disease and said, "You can safely skip this slide, as you're unlikely to encounter a patient with it during your career."

To confirm the diagnosis, Dr. Nampoothari couldn a sworn interview, she got in touch with Dr. Haralal Jangpree, chief of pediatric nephrology at Indian Health General Hospital, who discovered the disease's mutation in 1991. Around that time, Dr. Jangpree read a medical article that mentioned a patient who was very short and had a small amount of blood in the blood and urine. He had never heard of James's disease but reasoned — correctly — that the patient might have a mutation in a gene he had studied, PTH1R, which controls bone growth and calcium levels.

Not long after, Dr. Jangpree's colleague

Above, Neena Nizar and her sons, Arduana Adam and Jokey Adam, with Dr. Sheela Nampoothari, and, at left, with Dr. Haralal Jangpree. Ms. Nizar and her sons are among the few people in the world known to have James's disease.

Dr. Thomas J. Gardella discovered a peptide that could turn off the PTH1R gene, correcting the genetic defect.

Dr. Gardella published his work in 2006, and went on to other projects.

Seventeen years later, Dr. Nampoothari and Dr. Jangpree Ms. Nizar's and her sons' DNA, she was right — they had Janetech.

OF THE LEADERSHIP OF Dr. Jangpree's work, Ms. Nizar was determined to meet him. She pridedel him and said she was coming to the United States.

"I was on a mission," she said. By searching the N.I.H. website, she discovered that every year on Feb. 20, the N.I.H. holds a Race Disease Day. Patients and advocates sit at tables, where researchers and company representatives can stop and talk with them.

She decided she had to be there and told

A pitch to scientists: 'It's such a small ink from your team.'

Dr. Jangpree she was going. She said he'd meet her there.

Ms. Nizar secured a table. But with no time to prepare an elaborate exhibit, she started displaying pictures of her sons and their X-rays, along with some scientific figures. She also played a PowerPoint presentation.

At that time, she knew of only one person because herself and her sons who had Janetech disease.

"I remember one person came by and said, 'I was a doctor'. No more going to care about four people," Ms. Nizar recalled.

She was crucifixion and Dr. Jangpree arrived. He told her that Dr. Gardella's peptide might work to treat Janetech. But at that point, it would be hard to do research. To take it to the next stage, they needed funding.

Dr. Jangpree and Dr. Gardella first got a small great from her drug company based, followed by several big and from the N.I.H. The drug, the previously discovered peptide, seemed to work in the laboratory and in mice that had been given the James's mutation.

A survey left, however, is not capable of carrying out clinical trials with human patients.

"We looked new and said, 'What do we do now?'" Ms. Nizar said. "They can only go so far."

After digging into the possibilities, she discovered the N.I.H.'s National Center for Advancing — Translational Sciences. Founded in 2011, she comes develop-presented therapies for rare diseases that wouldn't interest drug companies — harnessing new possibilities that have sprung from the genomic revolution, which has allowed scientists to pinpoint likely therapies for more quickly than before.

But even given the tools now available, funding a drug for a condition that affects just hundreds of people, let alone more disease, can be difficult to justify. At her initial meeting with the B.I.H. center in 2010, Ms. Nizar got her experience that the staff was interested in the study involving a peptide to treat James's disease. Even so, she made her pitch. "It's such a small ink from your team," she employed. "You don't have to manufacture, so much. There's not that many patients."

"Then somebody got up from the audience," she recalled saying. "This is so doable. I don't know why we wouldn't do it."

THAT WOW! MS. NIZAR ended up as Patient No. 1 in a clinical trial, undergoing weekly treatments with the peptide drug throughout the summer.

She will return to the N.I.H. in September, continuing to test those of the drug to track its effects on her parathyroid hormone levels. When reason have had the optimal dose for her, the study will then be expanded to include children and see if the peptide halts their disease.

If it does, said Dr. Ahsan Boyce, the study's principal investigator, "it will be transfer matter in James's."

Dr. Boyce added that the drug might also help patients with kidney failure by lowering dangerously high levels of parathyroid hormone. Patients with another condition, hypersensitivity and, could also benefit. The current trial next is to remove their parathyroid gland.

"Ms. Nizar was really a driving hero" in getting the study going, Dr. Gardella said. "It's a profoundly devastating disease," he added. He did. And, she said, "has a great attitude and is really brave."

Even though it can be frustrating and unfair to expect people with all-cause diseases to take active roles in getting research forward and getting clinical trials started, Ms. Nizar said she wanted her story to be hopeful.

"You know, so many times we're given the diagnosis and we're saying 'nothing can be done,' she said. 'And that's just not true.'"

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D6

Well

Ask Well

I've always heard that the BRAT diet, with its blood foods, helps ease diarrhea and assess from a stomach bug. Do doctors still recommend that?

Doctors once aware by a diet of bananas, rice, applesauce and roast to treat gastroenteritis! answers, a regimen often known by the accounts BRAT.

"When I was treated as a pediatrician, the BRAT diet was the first thing we put anyone on when they came into the hospital with diarrhea," said Dr. Tamara Shuman, the chair of the American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Nutrition.

But the BRAT diet was never supported by close evidence. By the 1980s, the American Academy of Pediatrics on longer conditions in Researchers said the diet did not seem to benefit their patients' recovery and that following it he knew that a day or two seemed to hamper the body's ability to light off illness.

On the 1st day of a stomach bug, there is no harm to a finding to blood foods like those in the BRAT diet, said Dr. Steven Gabrin, an internal medicine physician and infectious disease specialist at UCI Health in Irvine, Calif.

"If you're having trouble keeping things down, so it goes to eat what you can!" she asked, as it's saying. "Sore! But there's no evidence that eating such a bristol diet raises smoking or diarrhea.

In a 2019 clinical trial presented at the European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, 10 children with diarrhea were lost either the BRAT diet or a normal diet. The study authors found no difference in the number of bowel movements or recovery time between the groups.

The cyclosporin outbreak that has incensed people occurs the country in recent weeks has highlighted the significance of chewing bowel to manage gastroenteritis' diarrhea.

The BRAT diet was developed in the early 20th century for children with diarrhea. Doctors believed that eating less and drinking to blood foods would reduce the number of bowel movements and the accompanying diarrhea.

The diet's foods collected what were cheap, widely available at the time and palatable to people struggling to keep bowel down. It quickly was a good way to be with it down and adults to become fat and dysphoria. Dr. Shuman said.

But the BRAT diet doesn't provide the necessary medical evidence to recover from a gastroenteritis and illness, experts say. The infectious diet typically causes vomiting and diarrhea can damage the intestines and cells that lose the gut. Dr. Gold said, disrupting the balance of good bacteria needed to stay healthy.

After an infection, the first thing is to restore the damaged cells, said Dr. Dehesa Zeno, a pediatric gastroenterologist and the medical

director of the intestinal rehabilitation program at Northern Children's Hospital in Miami. To do that requires protein, fat, vitamin and minerals — all of which are lacking in the BRAT diet.

This is problematic for children whose growing bodies have strict or nutritional needs than those of adults. Dr. Zeno said. She was a co-author at a 2007 review article that estimated that in a typical day of following the BRAT diet, a toddler would receive significantly fewer daily amounts of calcium and vitamins A and B12 than dietary guidelines recommend.

"This diet should never be continued for more than 24 hours after the first episode of diarrhea," Dr. Zeno said.

Gastroenteritis impairs the immune system's ability to absorb water and electrolytes, so staying hydrated should be your first priority. Dr. Gold said. But don't begin to implement electrolytes, which she recommends about the length the rehydration in the Pediatrics or its genetic equivalent.

It's also important to get back to a normal diet as quickly as possible, making sure to include plenty of protein to help rebuild cells and fiber to support the recovery of good bacteria. Dr. Shuman said.

It causes and that the male-masty foods seem autoperiod, it's like to eat foods that go down more easily, including those in the BRAT diet. That make sure you add other foods as well," Dr. Shuman said. For example, a banana cut up on toast with a light sauce of peanut butter provides protein, fat and fiber.

Other foods that deliver a nutritional needs without causing wounds gastroenteritis' distress include your bed (before bread, eggs, bone broth, natural oral proteins), Dr. Gold said. Eggs are rich in fat and protein, bone broth in both hydrating and contains minerals, seemed can help bulk up watery stool, and proteins are rich in potassium.

Dr. Shuman's only strict guidelines to cover dose of sugary foods and drinks, including soda and juice. Sugar, diet said, can promote the growth of harmful bacteria and prolong diarrhea.

Other than that, she said, go by your initiative.

"If your body doesn't want to eat meat and it wants to eat an egg," Dr. Shuman said. "Here's absolutely no scientific evidence of why you should choose your own an egg." (NIKO, WITT/1998)

Problem Drinking Is on the Decline

Far fewer Americans are meeting the criteria for alcohol use disorder, a survey finds.

By TED ALCOHEN

Americans appear to be moderating — at least when it comes to alcohol.

The number of people who drink in a very fast course the line into a medical disorder decreased substantially over a five-year period in the United States, according to new federal data.

The National Survey on Drug Use and Health, released last month, found that the share of people 32 and older who qualified for a diagnosed alcohol use disorder fell to 67 percent in 1,023 hours for a period in 2021 — every three four million people.

The methodology of that annual survey, conducted by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Service, found that 30% of the students who updated during the pandemic, so its results cannot be compared to years before 2021, the agency said.

But Kathryn G. Kress, a professor of epidemiology at Columbia University, said the decline was credible, in part because a College survey and a long-studying University of Michigan study also show lower Americans are drinking.

"This is the direction we want to see the data going, and the fact that we're seeing it across multiple samples is also a very encouraging sign," she said.

The decline comes even as the federal government has estimated from alcohol use a public health concern, becoming its dietary guidance on drinking and doubling nutrition who track alcohol's risk.

Alcohol use disorder is a diagnosis for drinking that a person cannot fully control, even at it undercomes their work, health and relationships. "You can define a one-th-ender or continued use despite consequences," said Ahrin Rims, an addiction psychiatrist at the University of Colorado School of Medicine, who has treated thousands of such criteria.

The diagnosis also reflects allotment in the understanding of alcohol dependency, which scientists no longer use as a binary division between those who can control

their drinking and those who can't, but as a measure.

To assess patients, clinicians usually ask about it: symptoms, including cravings, drinking more or for longer than intended, and musculoskeletal problems in the back. Two or three symptoms count as a mild disorder, four or five as moderate, and six or more as severe.

The federal data suggest that the decline has been finally among people with a mild form of the disorder, who constitute a majority of problem drinkers and whose numbers led by nearly a 50%, or almost three million people. There was here a decrease in the share of people with moderate and severe alcohol use disorder.

Even in the three months of milder cases in a consequential, because these cases are so extremely "It's a number public health gain," said John Kelly, the director of the Recovery Research Institute of Mass General Hospital.

The distinction between milder and more severe forms of the disorder matters for treatment, said Marissa Eisen, a public health consultant and a former director of the alcohol program at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. People with severe alcohol disorder may benefit from effective but underused medications like naloxom, while those with milder cases "can generally reduce their drinking on their own," she said, without specialized addiction treatment.

Asked to explain the decline, Dr. Kelly pointed to overeating cultural issues earlier than any single cause. Since the early 2000s, successive generations of young people have been drinking less, and are now carrying those habits also adulthood. A growing share of Americans are aware of alcohol's health risks, including its role in causing concern of the breast, throat and tongue, the subject of a forgery (there is a primary in history of the breast, the primary in the breast) and the treatment of a cancer. These drinkers may also be turning to cannabis.

"Many people who would previously drink more criteria for mild alcohol use disorder may never progress that for because of their changing social norms, greater health awareness and alternative recreational activities," Dr. Kelly said. It cannot trough common, he added, declines in insid-

erate and severe disorder might eventually follow.

Studies have shown that noncigarettes, the compound in the regular weight-loss drugs (lornane and Wagyra), can also curly curing for alcohol, and there's it a future in adults now taken noncigarettes or a similar drug, according to a survey by the health community group 2D.

Mrs. Christian Blumbrett, a professor at the University of Southern California who led the first customized trial of noncigarette effects on drinking, said he was best told to attribute for decline to alcohol use disorder to the medical class. They effectively alcohol consumption are "most pronounced in the hamster if taken," he wrote, yet severe cases are where the numbers have moved from.

For people who recognize that alcohol is affecting their daily life, Dr. Rims recommended raising for those with a primary care doctor who can offer counseling, medication or a referral. She said she often points patients to Rebleberg Drinking, a website created by the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism that helps people take stock of their drinking habits.

Whether the national decline in alcohol use disorder cost more skillfully depend on more than individual choices. In January, the federal government's updated dietary guidelines dropped the recommendation that uses limit rate consumption to two of the 1,000 or 1,000 persons to use, advising Americans simply to limit their intake. Experts said the eventual impact of this change was too little, but guidance that was more sugar could save common just as public awareness was growing.

"Program could shift if we don't have greater investment in prevention," Dr. Eisen said. Another foreign government, pits lurchingly or other private funders.

Second, the public health infrastructure is shrinking, she added, as she knows first-hand. Last year the C.D.S.'s alcohol program — along with her job — was eliminated in the federal government's name to declines in force. Similar cuts have blamed alcohol experience across the federal government, she said, including it the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Service's Administration.

Those Bright Colors in Beets Signal Their Potency

Antioxidants, folate and especially nitrate make the vegetable a healthy choice.

By ISRAJA BASAL

Beets owe their vibrancy — only red, deep purple, bright gold — to powerful antioxidants.

But what really sets these real vegetables apart is that they are a hundred ounces of nitrate, a compound that can help make fast blood pressure and improve exercise performance.

"I get really passed about beets" said Bethany Dowdley, a dietitian at Northwestern Medicine in Chicago.

Beet is a closer look at them benefits.

They can help lower blood pressure. Beets have some of the highest nitrate content of any vegetable. There is a diastolic into the bloodstream and eventually convert the nitric oxide, a powerful intakes for that volume and reduce blood vessels, said Gary Miller, clear of health and exercise in the U.S. White Paper, said that it is necessary.

In one analysis, researchers found that beetroot juice — a dried made by growing raw beets — reduced blood pressure by five people in people with hypertension, compared with a glass of water. The body was checked with beetroot juice, rather than beets, because researchers can better control nitrate levels.

Older adults and people with diabetes, obesity or cardiovascular disease tend to benefit more from dietary nitrate. Dr. Miller was more than bodies naturally make less natra oxide.

Nitrate sometimes get a bad rap because they are added to last dogs and other processed meats and can turn into potentially carcinogenic compounds. But nitrate tend to behave differently when they come from vegetables. Mr. Dowdley said, most likely because of the accompanying vitamins and other protective plant compounds.

Beets may boost your workouts. In addition to lowering blood pressure, ni-

Those who are older or less fit are likely to benefit the meat, studies indicate.

tric oxide improves blood flow and oxygen delivery to multiple species, said Andrew Cuggan, an exercise physiologist at Indiana University.

In an analysis of 15 adults, women have found that beetroot juice improved endurance during aerobic exercise and made working out fast cause.

A separate meta-analysis by Dr. Cuggan found that the body's highest nicotine generated 5 percent more power, on average, while markers for athletic performance and everyday tasks like climbing stairs. But The Very rest are, the less likely you are to benefit, he said, because a healthy person's natural nitric oxide production is already healthy.

If school eating beets or drinking beetroot juice before a weekend, do so at least two hours beforehand, Dr. Cuggan said, to give you body time to convert nitrates to nitric oxide. Now that nitrate content can vary. "The individual beets have substantially different levels, and a study of 24 beetroot juice products found that individual 10 times an much nitrate as others."

They support brain health.

Early evidence suggests that the nitrate in beets can also improve blood flow in the brain, as one would be saying, even the difference that older adults who consumed a high nitrate diet — including beetroot juice and a beef salad — over about 24 hours had greater blood flow in certain brain regions, compared with when they con-

cument a low-nitric diet.

Beets are also high in folate, which is important for health in an unimpaired development. In adults, it helps prevent the viability of bones, thrice a chemical that, at high levels, has been raised to a higher risk of cognitive decline. While many cereals are fortified with folic acid, beets are a great source of cancer, said Catherine Champagne, director of the American epidemiological society at Louisiana State University.

And beets contain because and betelates, antioxidants that may help reduce inflammation and children wear and live.

What's the healthiest way to eat them? Although beets are unusually sweet for a vegetable, they contain a severe amount of fiber, which helps temper sugar absorption. What's been are generally a healthier choice than beetroot juice, Mr. Dowdley said, because the picking process removes hair fiber.

Canned and pulped beets can also be good options, she added, since their nitrate is generally preserved during processing.

When baking beets, they nitrate can block skin cooking work. Dr. Champagne said, consider using the liquid in a smoothie rather than thickening it. Also avoid cooking beets for too long, Mr. Dowdley added, since prolonged heat can break down some antioxidants. Lightly roasting, straining, or grating can beets into a salad can preserve more of these healthy compounds.

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DT

Well

Six Simple Exercises to Stay Strong and Limbet

Physical therapists suggest incorporating these moves to relieve stiffness and aches.

By DANIELLE FREEDMAN

In many cases, aches and pains can be a reflection of your daily routines.

Make take-ending an aches all day, looking down at your place or dreaming to pick up your socks off the floor can lead to a body that looks coady right and new. Making times to practice good movement habits can keep you feeling limber and strong.

Physical therapists move into all too well. People come in with the same problems over and over again. And There is no choice, a physical therapist in New York City.

like often finds herself recommending the same exercises as solutions, the road – exercises that, he example, “counteract, you know, going to see ‘The Ultimate’ for three hours.”

We asked physical therapists to share the exercises they wish every year incorporated into their fitness routines. Here are six that come up again and again.

EXAMPLES ON ONE LBS. Good balance is important for both fitness and everyday life, but it deteriorates with age, unless you’re “ready deliberate about practicing it,” said Caren Nevlingema, a physical therapist in Walmsley, Mass.

One of the simplest ways to do this is by regularly standing on one leg, experts said.

This simple exercise can “strengthen all the muscles to your feet, your ankle, your knee, your thigh,” Dr. Mackie said. It also helps to build stability – not only in your legs, but also in your legs, pains and lower back.

“I stand on one leg in the kitchen, waiting for coffee, waiting for the elevator,” she added.

If standing on one leg is challenging, lightly rest your hand on a chair wall or counter-tip until you feel stable enough is let go. If the exercise feels easy, close your eyes.

Stand on such leg for at least 30 seconds every day.

HIP SPIRITS. The ability to properly bend forward, or hang, at the legs is useful both for daily tasks, like picking things up off the floor, and for exercises like disability.

Rectuary people struggle with hip hinges, said Diane Shah, a physical therapist at Emory Healthcare in Atlanta.

It is common to find your back and back your knees when you are bending over,

which puts you on your spine and can lead to pain or injury.

Regularly practicing hip hinges can also strengthen your glutes and hamstring.

“In an a leg range, need your tape backward while bringing your chest forward. Keep your back straight, your shoulders pulled slightly back, your abdominal manchings基本s toward your body button and your knees safely bent.

“You’re left to be covered daily, doing two sets of 25 shapes.

SIX PLEASURES. The act of sitting down and then standing back up may seem simple, but with age, it can become increasingly difficult without proper strength and stability. Making time to practice “six-to-stand” exercises will pay off by strengthening your quads, glutes, hamstrings, calves and core muscles, and improve your ability to do the shapes and repairs, like experts said.

To do a six-to-stand, lower yourself into a chair and stand back up in a slow, controlled way. If the body is challenging, practice it several times a day and it looks easier.

It is already both easy, lower your body even more slowly and just barely tap your

Weekly movements to counteract ‘going to see “The Ultimate” for three hours.’

butt to the seat before slowly standing up again. The lower the surface, the more challenging it will be. “That cannot force makes it a little harder,” Dr. Shah said. Do two sets of 25 repetitions several times a week. For three of a challenge, do it while holding weights or a fortified.

HIGH HIGH BEDDING HAZARDS, BREATHING. Many people feel the effects of sitting for long periods in their neck, shoulders or back, but the problem often begins in their numerous core muscles, said Caren Pugham, a physical therapist in Arlington, Va.

“With a lot of these issues, people are just missing, fundamental strength,” she said. When your toes at weak, your neck and shoulders often compensate to keep you upright.

Physical therapists recommended doing the dead bag exercise while practicing the pinagmature, breathing to build core strength, at the deepest level.

To do a dead bag, lie on your back and raise your legs at a Wodopne night. Siren raise your arms straight toward the ceiling. With your spine prosecution that does slowly straighten and lower your left leg while also

bearing your right arm, until both are fully extended. Return to the starting position, then press with the opposite sides.

While retinating, slowly solute through your hands to contract your deep core. While returning to the starting position, isolate and test your belly expand. Do two sets of eight exercises a few times a week.

This breath work helps “stabilize your core from the inside out,” said Alicia Peynore, a physical therapist in Maplewood, N.J. Together with the dead bags, it can help support your spine and relieve aches in your neck and shoulders.

And a restin' on. Push-ups allow you to practice a sitting on the top of a weight, which is essential for staying independent as you age and getting up if you fall. Dr. Nevlingema said. They primarily strengthen the chest, shoulders, and/or neck into.

When you’re to regularly focus doing push-ups from the ground, experts recommended doing these with your hands on a stable, concentrated neck as a walk or a counter-tip. Are you build strength, you can gradually focus the surface until you reach the ground.

“If very rarely have people do them from the floor right away,” Dr. Nevlingema said, especially when a lot of people struggle with the technique.

Start in a plank position, with your back flat and your feet persecuted to the floor. Next, engage your core and slightly back your tailbone underneath you to prevent your back from arching. Bend your ribs on into a 45-degree angle, while slowly lowering your chest, then push yourself back up. Imagine that you are pushing the floor away. Dr. Nevlingema said, and he sure to reach your arms long at the top. Do two sets of 10 eyes twice a week.

CANCERES. To counter the effects of sitting or standing for long periods of time, many physical therapists recommended the cancer research, in which you also raise between arching and curving your back while on all burrs. Take a few deep breaths in each position to feel a deeper stretch. This classic research can help relieve stiffness in your spine, shoulders and neck and improve your mobility.

When you’re in an all-burrs position, you can better up often both parts, Dr. Peynore said. By reaching forward with each arm or stretching each leg on behind you and doing a few tap cycles.

Ultimately, these exercises are “giving you a little extra buffer to live your life,” Dr. Nevlingema said. “If you’re ready in strong, steady and prepared for the unexpected.”

An Alzheimer's Test Brings Distress With It

Dementia experts are advising against taking them, but that hasn't stopped some patients.

By BANA G. SMITH

In 2020, Bialto mother died of Alzheimer's disease at 75. “It was terrible,” she said, had since you've gone through that, she added, “you start to become concerned about your own history.”

A year ago, Bialto, now N. January about a new blood test for Alzheimer's. Her primary care doctor agreed to solve the test in June, given her family history. It found that levels of a protein called p-nu(2)7 were elevated, suggesting she had nearly signs of Alzheimer's in her brain.

“I would love to say that it was a complete shock, but it wasn't,” Bialto said. “I don't want to sound all down and please, I just. — I feel like it's coming for me.” On project the subject privacy when discussing sensitive health information, The New York Times is identifying them by their name only.

A neurologist can correct follow-up tests and found that Bialto's cognition was normal. The doctor also told her that the blood tests aren't left percent alkaline. “That makes you feel better,” Bialto said. “But then it throws a lot more question marks into the brain.”

Question like: What does the future hold? Will she be a leader in her family? How long can she keep working? If the doesn't care to be, what does it do, will she ever be able to do it?

Two blood biomarkers tests for Alzheimer's were approved by the Food and Drug Administration last year to help diagnose people who are experiencing cognitive impairment.

More and more, people without memory problems are taking the tests, as well, to try to determine whether they will develop Alzheimer's to the future. Some psychomanians have used over-the-counter lab techniques, others are referred to a doctor. However, dementia experts almost universally use the tests, never to do the tests, and in this way and recommend against doing so.

For some patients, the results are devastating, leaving them holding scared and helpless. Others view them as empowering, and more people feel active. It try to improve their overall health and get them afluent in order, find many, like Bialto, are confused about what their results actually mean.

Open Questions

The tests measure blood levels of two proteins, compared to the that human dysfunctional in the brain of people with Alzheimer's. One test is particularly called p-nu(2)7 for the form of the protein it measure,

area, correlates especially well with amyloid, which can accumulate decades before someone starts to experience cognitive impairment. P-nu(2)7 is quickly increasing the amount of protein that can only be published last month in the journal JAMA found that cognition's normal people with very high levels of p-nu(2)7 had a 20 percent chance of developing memory and thinking problems within five years, and a 74 percent chance in 10 years.

Dr. Jeff Williamson, the chief of gerontology and geriatric medicine at Wake Forest School of Medicine, said that in the past 10 months he's seen this in three dozen cognitively normal patients, most in their 10s and 20s, who've taken the test. Many have parents or other family members with Alzheimer's, and the results have filled them with worry about what may be so come.

“Every time they forget something, or they complain their keys or forget a classmates' name, they actually start developing an anxiety that's not of. Ah, this may be the Alzheimer's that's in my blood, even though their memory test was normal last month or but months ago,” he said.

While the odds are certainly greater with someone with a high p-nu(2)7 level will intensify have dementia, a diagnosis isn't guaranteed. A couple of experts said the connection between p-nu(2)7 and Alzheimer's is able to lose high cholesterol increases the risk of a heart attack.

There can be accuracy issues with the tests, as well, particularly when people have moderate levels of p-nu(2)7. In these cases, the test can be obtained as when people have very low or very high levels, said Rachel F. Benbury, an associate professor of neurology at Main General Brigham and Harvard Medical School, who led the recent JAMA study. “I would like to see a candidate,” in the results in that situation, she said.

Other factors can also affect accuracy. Doctors often confirm the results with follow-up testing, and when doing so, they may be more effective.

Dr. Richard Isaacson, a preventive neurologist at the AHA Health Institute in Florida who specializes in caring for people at risk of dementia, said he won three positives “every week.” He gave the example of a woman whose test was taken before the Fourth of July holiday weekend and analyzed after. He thinks the dry ice the sample was so the 10 method during that time, alerting the sample and producing a bad result.

In another instance, a patient had a false positive reading because he had rhabdomalgians, when a muscle tissue should show and try please pretest into the blood-brain. Still, any disease can also show blood test results. (Dr. Isaacson also develops brain biomarker tests at AHA plus at Florida.)

There are potential legal ramifications to

consider, too. Biomarker tests don't have privacy protection, said Jolynen Arias, an associate professor in health policy and behavioral sciences at the Olin-Lander Institute of School of Public Health. That known people vulnerable to discrimination from the insurers, long-term care insurers, retirement or assisted living communities or even from employers.

There's the lessons because certainly this information could provide somebody with knowledge that would help them make plans, make decisions about where they want to live, how they want to spend their time," said Ms. Arias, who recently wrote about three concerns in the journal Neurology. “Yet the documentation of this in their medical record or disclosing this to a third party may inadvertently reveal the options that are in front of them.”

Future Hope

Experts hope that these tests will become more reliable at predicting what is risk of Alzheimer's — and even more important, that there will be a drug available to what to prevent the onset of symptoms. It that happens, most experts said they would start recommending cognitively healthy people get tested.

But as if now, an effective preventive therapy doesn't rest. Two drugs that are used to treat Alzheimer's are being found for their protective potential in clinical trials, and it's safer to be expected in a year or two.

In the meantime, Dr. Williamson and Dr. Isaacson both advise patients with positive

tests to adopt a healthy lifestyle and focus on improving other aspects of their health, like getting blood pressure under control.

A study published last year found that, regardless of people's p-nu(2)7 levels, participants who were healthier (without many major chronic conditions) and who regularly exercised, at a maximum dose and didn't have to be able to do the changing cognitive impairment over the next eight years than those who were less healthy.

These behaviors don't appear to affect the holding of amyloid or tau in the brain, but we can also point of “binder” against the harm that these proteins can cause, said Sterling Johnson, a professor of genetics and dementia in the University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, who is the study.

That's the strange Susan. “It is taking. When she took a p-nu(2)7 test in June and found out that her levels were elevated, she “was kind of generalised,” she said. Even though her father died from advanced Alzheimer's, she wasn't experienced any problems with her memory.

In the weeks more Susan got her results, she's made a concerned effort to exercise easy and a Mediterranean style and to be brain positive instead of scrolling on social media. She also confirmed that her will and medical power of attorney were up-to-date.

Susan knows the blood test doesn't guarantee how going to develop Alzheimer's. But “it gives you a kick in the test to get busy doing things you should be doing anyway,” she said.

False positives and confusing results are just two problems.

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D8

More Jaguars, if Not for a Border Wall

CONFERENCE FROM PAGE 10

"very unlikely the jaguars can come back on their own in the U.S. — at least for now."

JAGUARS CYCLE ROSARIO month of Simeon, western New Mexico and Arizona, as far north as the Grand Canyon. The size of the population is unknown, but it was probably small and widely dispersed. Though they have long been covered in both countries — the naturalist Aldo Leopold wrote in 1948 that the jaguar 'sureties' nature so provided the border lands that "no campfire dies without talk of fear" — jaguars were also once regularly killed on sight, by grown-in more officials as well as tourists.

Since 1949, when a native killed a female jaguar near Arimao in northern Arizona, or native female had been seen in the United States, or anywhere particularly close to the border in Mexico. The northernmost core breeding population was thought to be centered near the community of Balconjas, more than 100 miles south of the border, which includes a private protected area for the species called the Northern Jaguar Reserve.

A turning point came in early March 1996, when the rancher Warner Glenn set off a boat cougars in the Palmcillo Mountains, which start at the Mexican border and run north, sit adding Arizona and New Mexico. His dogs caught the court of a large cut and gave chase, and the video finally stopped on a rocky outcropping. Paving up through pinces paces, the rancher realized that was no mountain loss, it was a full-grown male jaguar.

With in 1997, with only a few such sightings of roaming mules, the jaguar was listed as endangered. In 2016, the U.S. Fud, and Wildlife Service designated over 700,000 acres of critical habitat for the big cats, but after lawsuits from mining and catching groups, that dropped to 640,000 acres.

Soon after Dr. Marin set up the camera network in 2020 for a doctor (project) at the

Above, Ganesh Marin, left, and Valerie Gochuck in the Cuenca Los Ojos wildlife garnered on the Mexican side of the border. Once, left, one of nine male jaguars seen in Arizona since the 1990s. Below left, a former caught on a trail camera. For left, a stretch of border wall in southern Arizona. Below, a part of the border where a wall does not yet exist, allowing relatively easy movement for wildlife. Bottom, certain over both, like the Santa Cruz, are left without a wall, because of the difficulties of construction, but such an area can't construct a possible spot for wildlife, because of inner wire installed across it.

University of Arizona, he was dated to record a male jaguar he named Benito, and a second male shortly after Then came Adela and yet another male in 2020.

When Dr. Marin first saw the video of the two jaguars, he thought Adela was female because she has a smaller frame. Also, two males are unlikely to appear together and visualize, he explained.

This year, he reinterpreted a video from April 2023 that showed a clear view of jaguars's rear end, and did a double take. No sunshine were visible. And the spot pattern looked different from Adela's, suggesting it could be a second female. He sent the clip to Brett Dickens, a wild cat expert with Conservation Science Partners.

It was struck right away that I was likely looking at a female," said Dr. Dickens, who he watched the video in jaguar experts. (The video also shows the cat has skin folds that look like stationary glands. The possibility that this could be a lactating female 'cannot be ruled out.' Dr. Dickens said.) Seven of the nine scientists agreed it was female, two are unisex.

While male jaguars can range hundreds of miles from their birthplace in search of new territory and names, females generally do not travel as far from where they were born, and their mobility is a limiting factor in the species' expansion. Among a female in Cuenca most likely means that she was born nearby and that the breeding range of the jaguar extends further north into the species' historical territory than previously thought.

TO REPORT THE SPOT where Adela first showed up, Dr. Marin and Valerie Gochuck, executive director of Cuenca Los Ojos, drove into the northernmost bedside of the San to Mexico. A fake through grassy hole punctuated by coke and mosquito took them to a spot where Dr. Marin laded a camera around an alligator jumper back in 2020.

Less than two miles away — a brief stroll for a jaguar — they pointed out the short vehicle barrier on the U.S. border. This is one of the most important remaining intrudited wildlife corridors in the Southwest United States, Dr. Marin said.

A walk into the mountains took them to another camera that filmed Adela, showing her safety bathing as she passed. Dr. Marin gestured southward, where he envisions the male jaguars making up a continuous thread that stretches vast distances through Mexico and far beyond.

Under the first Young administration, the foot fencing impervious to most large animals went up along over 210 miles of the border in Arizona, curtailing north-to-south

wildlife movement and depleting aquifers, since contractors are vast quantities of water for construction, said Motor Trophages, a researcher with Cuenca. As codified in the final 20 Act of 1985, the broadcast security secretary has the authority to waive nearly any law — including the Endangered Species Act — in building border walls.

John Monnett, a D.H.S. spokesman, said in a statement that the department planned to incorporate an unknown number of small wildlife passages and referred further spontaneous the Fish and Wildlife Service, which declined to comment. Those openings would be 8.5 inches by 11 inches, too small for jaguars.

Cameras on both sides of a 10-foot border wall in Cuenca Los Ojos have shown large wildlife pacing, trying to get through. Animals including bears, mountain lions and jaguars have to move long distances to find water in arid areas, and border fencing makes this more difficult. Mr. Gordon said.

In the spring, Mr. Trophages took a drive to check on the status of the wall, passing through the Balconjaran Mountains, a second place within the Tobans O'sham Station. To the south, he saw contractors putting up 10-foot panels of new wall, one of about six places in Arizona where such work has begun, and sides of nine wire had been strong up.

"That corridor has been open since time immemorial," said Bobby Ragan, a biologist with the Phoenix Zoo, who manages a network of cameras in the area. "We know this will have serious impacts on wildlife. It's

Cameras on both sides of a 30-foot barrier have shown large wild animals pacing, trying to get through.

quite devastating."

Several groups have worked to protect jaguars in Mexico, where the species is listed as endangered. For example, to change attitudes and make the animals more valuable alive than dead, the Northern Jaguar Reserve started a program in 2015 that compensates stanchers for trail camera photos of cats.

Since 2016, jaguar populations have increased throughout Mexico by about 30 percent to a total of over 5,000, according to a Mexican jaguar system released last year and led by Gerardo DeLobos, an ecologist and a senior researcher at the National Autonomous University of Mexico.

Among the main threats have been illegal hunting and regulatory killings for personnel cattle predators, though research shows the cats much prefer native wildlife. Killings will happen, but the situation seems to have improved over the last two decades. Dr. Gochuck has argued for years that a female jaguar would return to the United States soon, if the two count on customs working together to protect habitat and connectivity.

WHILE JAGUARS MIGHT NOT BE WOLLOWED BACK BY EVERY AGREEMENT OF NIGHTS, THEY ARE CAN AND THEY WERE THEY OFFER. THEY ARE NOT TO BE IN THE STATE OF THE STATE OF THE STATE OF THE STATE OF THE STATE OF THE STATE OF THE STATE OF THE STATE OF THE STATE OF THE STATE OF THE STATE OF THE STATE OF THE STATE OF THE STATE OF THE STATE OF THE STATE OF THE STATE OF THE STATE OF THE STATE OF THE STATE OF THE STATE OF THE STATE OF THE STATE OF THE STATE OF THE STATE OF THE STATE OF THE STATE OF THE STATE OF THE STATE OF THE STATE OF THE STATE OF THE STATE OF THE STATE OF THE STATE OF THE STATE

Females would enjoy the same legal protection as males, as endangered species, but ecologically and equitably the return of females would be a much bigger deal, and would make jaguar conservation more urgent rather than theoretical.

Back at the spot where the first video was taken, Mr. Gordon named about how vast this tract of wilderness is, and Dr. Marin noted how important it will be to keep this border free of 10-foot walls while re-establishing wildlife corridors where possible.

Jaguars are coming back," Dr. Marin said, if we don't get in their way. "I hope the U.S. is prepared for that — prepared to let that happen."

▌制度与权力批判深度研判：The New York Times (18.08.2026)

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▌ 本日全报思想与文化深思雷达 (Intellectual & Cultural Significance Radar)

在系统通盘梳理本期报纸所涉及的所有国际政治、经济、社会与文化报道后，以下 2 个具体事件在思想史、文化政治与制度伦理层面最值得学者进一步深思：

1. 【美国最高法院口头辩论程序革命】 [F1_10-13]

   • 事件简述：2025年10月后，美国最高法院口头辩论程序发生根本性变革——引入实时网络直播与混合式提问模式，打破传统封闭性仪式，但同时保留"密集轰炸"式提问与资历顺序引述的混合模式。
   • 思想文化深思切入点：触动了公共领域的技术化重构与司法权力的透明度悖论——哈贝马斯式"公共领域"如何在数字媒介与算法逻辑下被重新编程？司法权力的象征性权威与程序正义的技术治理如何形成张力？

2. 【纽约州股票交易税废除后的政治沉默】 [F2_27-28]

   • 事件简述：拉尔夫·纳德持续30年推动恢复纽约州股票交易税，但该税在1995年被废除后，当下对富人征税的呼声在奥尔巴尼却无人问津。纳德的声音被系统性忽视，凸显公民倡导的制度性边缘化。
   • 思想文化深思切入点：触动了资本逻辑对民主程序的殖民——马克思"资本的政治统治"与哈贝马斯"合法性危机"的当代变奏。纳德的失败是否预示着自由主义民主的制度性衰竭？

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▌ 精选核心专题深度思想论证 (In-Depth Dialectical Monograph)

专题一：【从"密集轰炸"到算法直播：最高法院口头辩论的技术化权力重构】

1. 现实困境深描（The Concrete Dilemma）

最高法院在2025年10月重启口头辩论时，面临着象征性权威与程序正义的双重危机。传统仪式——大法官们在庄严的红木长椅后进行"密集轰炸"式提问——曾是司法权力的象征性展演，但其封闭性与不透明性饱受诟病。然而，当法院在疫情后引入实时网络直播与混合式提问模式（先自由发起，后按资历顺序引述）时，却发现这种技术化改革并未带来预期的民主化效果。相反，它暴露了司法权力在数字媒介语境下的新型合法性危机：直播是否真正增强了公众参与？还是将司法程序沦为媒体娱乐的附庸？ [F1_10-13]

2. 博弈机制与话语策略剖析（Mechanisms & Discourse）

法院的技术化改革并非中性的程序优化，而是权力在数字公共领域中的重新分配。首先，实时直播将司法程序从象征性空间（法庭）转移到算法化的注意力经济中，公众的关注度成为衡量司法合法性的新标准。其次，混合式提问模式——"密集轰炸"后的资历顺序引述——实际上是一种话语权力的再分配：自由发起阶段允许大法官们展示个人风格，而资历顺序则强化了等级秩序。这种设计既满足了公众对"透明度"的需求，又维护了司法权力的象征性权威。 [F1_10-13]

3. 历史思想资源的平等对话（Theoretical Resonance）

哈贝马斯在《公共领域的结构转型》中提出，资产阶级公共领域的衰落源于其被大众媒介与消费逻辑所殖民。当下最高法院的技术化改革，正是这一理论的当代变奏：直播将司法程序纳入注意力经济的逻辑，而混合式提问模式则是等级制与平等主义的奇异混合。福柯在《规训与惩罚》中分析的"可见性即权力"机制，在这里被数字媒介所放大——公众的观看行为成为司法权力的新型合法性来源。 [F1_10-13]

4. 当代现实对理论的反向质询与新洞见（Contemporary Synthesis）

当代技术条件（算法直播、社交媒体监督、AI生成的法律分析）为哈贝马斯与福柯的理论提供了新的实验场域。首先，司法程序的算法化挑战了传统的程序正义理论——当大法官们的提问被AI分析、公众的反馈被算法过滤时，司法权力的主体性何在？其次，数字公共领域的碎片化使得哈贝马斯式的"理性公共讨论"成为乌托邦——公众关注度的算法化分配，是否意味着司法合法性的去中心化？ [F1_10-13]

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专题二：【纳德的失败与资本的政治统治：纽约州股票交易税废除的制度性沉默】

1. 现实困境深描（The Concrete Dilemma）

拉尔夫·纳德在过去30年里持续推动恢复纽约州股票交易税，这一税种曾在1995年被废除。然而，当下对富人征税的呼声在奥尔巴尼却无人问津。纳德的失败不仅是个人倡导的挫折，更是自由主义民主制度性衰竭的缩影：一个90岁的公民倡导者，尽管拥有丰富的制度知识与道德权威，却无法让自己的声音被听到。 [F2_27-28]

2. 博弈机制与话语策略剖析（Mechanisms & Discourse）

纳德的失败暴露了资本逻辑对民主程序的殖民。首先，股票交易税的废除并非偶然，而是金融资本与政治精英长期合谋的结果。1995年休·L·凯里州长通过100%的辩论废除该税，实际上是新自由主义经济政策的制度化表达。其次，当下对富人征税的呼声被系统性压制，反映了政治议程设置的资本化：选举政治的议题选择权被金融利益集团所绑架。 [F2_27-28]

3. 历史思想资源的平等对话（Theoretical Resonance）

马克思在《资本论》中分析了资本的政治统治，指出资产阶级通过经济基础与上层建筑的互动，将自身利益伪装为普遍利益。哈贝马斯在《合法性危机》中进一步指出，当资本逻辑渗透到民主程序时，合法性危机将不可避免。纳德的失败，正是这种理论的当代例证：一个试图通过民主程序挑战资本统治的倡导者，最终被制度性边缘化。 [F2_27-28]

4. 当代现实对理论的反向质询与新洞见（Contemporary Synthesis）

当代技术条件（算法推荐、社交媒体操纵、AI驱动的政治广告）为马克思与哈贝马斯的理论提供了新的实验场域。首先，资本的政治统治不再仅仅通过经济基础实现，而是通过算法化的注意力经济与数据资本主义的新型生产关系。 [F2_27-28]

制度与权力批判深度研判：The New York Times (18.08.2026)

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▌ 本日全报生活世界痛感与情感政治深思雷达 (Lifeworld & Affective Significance Radar)

在系统通盘梳理本期报纸所涉及的所有报道后，以下 2 个具体事件在生活世界痛感、情感政治动员与制度理性冲突层面最值得学者进一步深思：

1. 【舒库尔谋杀案审判重启：历史创伤与司法记忆的制度性遗忘】 [F1_19 🔍][F1_20 🔍][F1_21 🔍][F1_22 🔍][F1_23 🔍]

   • 事件简述：在维贾·舒库尔遇害30年后，拉斯维加斯法庭重启对唯一一名被控共犯的审判。检方以黑帮恩怨为由指控，辩方则以回忆录“不可信”反驳。该案涉及美国种族与文化记忆的创伤性碎片，以及司法体系如何处理历史暴力的集体情感负载。
   • 情感政治与伦理深思切入点：此案触动了美国社会对种族暴力、文化英雄主义与司法正义的复杂情感网络。检方试图通过“黑帮叙事”将舒库尔塑造为受害者，而辩方则通过质疑回忆录的真实性，将历史真相进一步碎片化。制度理性（司法程序）与生活世界痛感（集体记忆与情感正义）在此发生激烈撕裂。

2. 【纽约州股票交易税废除30年后的倡议失败：纳德的孤独抗争与制度冷漠】 [F2_25 🔍][F2_26 🔍][F2_27 🔍][F2_28 🔍]

   • 事件简述：92岁的拉尔夫·纳德持续30年推动恢复纽约州股票交易税，试图通过财富再分配缓解社会不平等。然而，该倡议在奥尔巴尼无人问津，纳德的声音被制度性沉默所淹没。
   • 情感政治与伦理深思切入点：纳德的抗争揭示了技术官僚体系对公民倡议的系统性排斥。其“被忽视的愤怒”不仅是个人层面的挫败，更是制度理性（效率至上、成本控制）对情感正义（分配正义、尊严需求）的压制。纳德的“请求被倾听”成为当代民主社会中“被遗忘的声音”的象征。

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▌ 精选核心专题理性与情感辩证论证 (The Dialectic of Logos and Pathos Monograph)

专题一：【“被遗忘的声音”：纳德的孤独抗争与技术官僚理性的制度性排斥】

制度理性架构解构（Deconstruction of Institutional Logos）

在当代资本主义民主体系中，技术官僚理性通过“效率”、“成本控制”与“可计算性”三大支柱，构建了对公民倡议的系统性排斥机制。拉尔夫·纳德30年推动纽约州股票交易税恢复的倡议，恰好暴露了这一机制的冷酷运作逻辑。[F2_28 🔍]指出，该税始于约30年前，直至1995年休·L·凯里州长通过“100%的辩论”废除——这一“辩论”本身即是技术官僚理性的典型产物：通过议会程序的形式化操作，将复杂的社会正义问题简化为党派博弈与议程设置的技术问题。纳德的倡议在奥尔巴尼无人问津，并非偶然，而是制度理性对“非技术化”声音的系统性排斥。技术官僚体系通过将公民倡议转化为“议程设置”（agenda-setting）与“政策可行性”（policy feasibility）的技术评估，将纳德的“分配正义”诉求压缩为“无法被听见的噪音”。[F2_25 🔍]中纳德的自述——“作为一名公民倡导者，最糟糕的事情莫过于无法让自己的声音被听到”——正是对这一制度性排斥的情感表达。

生活世界真实痛感深描（Living Lifeworld Pathos）

纳德的抗争不仅是一场政策倡议，更是一场对“被遗忘的声音”的情感反抗。[F2_25 🔍]中描述纳德“每天几乎都会阅读几份重要报刊，对伊朗的政治环境感到愤怒，并通过永无止境的电话向助手倾诉”，这一细节揭示了纳德作为“公民倡导者”的肉身性痛感：其愤怒不是抽象的政治不满，而是对制度冷漠的切肤之痛。纳德的“请求被倾听”诉求，实质上是对现代民主社会中“情感正义”（affective justice）的呼唤——即公民有权要求其声音被制度性地倾听与回应。然而，技术官僚体系通过将公民诉求转化为“政策建议”或“议程项目”，进一步剥夺了这些诉求的情感丰富性与道德紧迫性。纳德的孤独抗争，因此成为当代民主社会中“被遗忘的声音”的象征：其愤怒不是针对某个具体政策，而是针对整个制度体系对情感正义的系统性压制。

Logos 与 Pathos 的内在辩证摩擦（The Dialectical Friction）

纳德的抗争与制度理性的冲突，核心在于“隐性理性”（Latent Logos）与“显性理性”（Explicit Logos）的对抗。显性理性体现在技术官僚体系对纳德倡议的沉默：通过将其诉求转化为“无法被听见的噪音”，制度理性将活生生的情感诉求简化为统计数据或议程项目。然而，纳德的愤怒背后蕴含着“隐性理性”——即对分配正义与生存尊严的道德诉求。[F2_28 🔍]中提到，尽管当下对富人征税的呼声高涨，但废除退税的法案在奥尔巴尼却无人问津。这一“呼声”与“无人问津”的对比，揭示了技术官僚理性如何通过“议程设置”与“政策可行性”双重机制，将道德诉求转化为无效的情感表达。纳德的抗争因此成为“隐性理性”对“显性理性”的反抗：其愤怒不是无理性的狂热，而是对制度理性所忽视的道德紧迫性的清醒认知。

话语温度差与社会心理韧性诊断（Discourse Temperature & Prognosis）

制度端的“去情感化冷色调语言”与生活端的“具象痛感热色调语言”之间的温度差，在纳德的抗争中表现得淋漓尽致。[F2_25 🔍]中纳德的自述充满了“愤怒”、“沮丧”与“请求被倾听”的情感色彩，而制度端的回应则是沉默与无人问津的冷漠。这种温度差不仅反映了制度理性对情感正义的压制，更揭示了当代民主社会中“情感异化”的深层机制：公民的情感诉求被制度性地转化为“无效的噪音”，进而导致社会心理韧性的下降。纳德的抗争因此成为当代民主社会中“情感政治”的典型案例：其愤怒不是针对某个具体政策，而是针对整个制度体系对情感正义的系统性压制。从社会心理韧性的角度看，纳德的孤独抗争预示了当代民主社会中“被遗忘的声音”现象的蔓延：当制度理性持续压制情感正义，公民的愤怒将不可避免地转化为对整个体系的不信任与疏离感。

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专题二：【“历史创伤的司法化”：舒库尔谋杀案审判中的记忆碎片与正义幻象】

制度理性架构解构（Deconstruction of Institutional Logos）

舒库尔谋杀案审判重启的制度背景，是美国司法体系对历史创伤的“司法化”处理机制。[F1_19 🔍]指出，该案涉及维贾·舒库尔遇害30年后的重审，检方试图通过“黑帮叙事”将舒库尔塑造为受害者，而辩方则以回忆录“不可信”反驳。这一司法程序背后隐含着制度理性的两大支柱：一是“法律真实”（legal truth）对“历史真实”（historical truth）的替代性建构；二是“程序正义”（procedural justice）对“实质正义”（substantive justice）的形式化操作。检方通过将舒库尔塑造为“帮派受害者”，实质上是将复杂的种族与文化记忆简化为“法律叙事”的技术操作。[F1_22 🔍]中提到，检方将被告描述为“策划”了舒库尔遇害当晚的“orchestration”，这一“策划”叙事将历史暴力简化为“犯罪阴谋”的技术问题，进而将司法程序转化为对历史真相的碎片化处理。制度理性在此通过“法律真实”与“程序正义”的双重机制，将活生生的历史创伤转化为可操作的司法案件。

生活世界真实痛感深描（Living Lifeworld Pathos）

舒库尔谋杀案审判重启的生活世界痛感，体现在美国社会对种族暴力、文化英雄主义与集体记忆的复杂情感网络。[F1_19 🔍]中提到，舒库尔“正值事业巅峰时被枪杀”，这一细节揭示了其作为“文化英雄”的象征意义：其遇害不仅是个人悲剧，更是美国种族与文化记忆的创伤性碎片。检方通过“黑帮叙事”将舒库尔塑造为受害者，实质上是将其历史意义简化为“犯罪受害者”的技术角色，进而剥夺了其作为“文化英雄”的象征性力量。然而，辩方通过质疑回忆录的真实性，进一步将历史真相碎片化，使得集体记忆无法形成统一的道德叙事。[F1_21 🔍]中辩方称回忆录“不可信”，这一质疑不仅针对具体证据，更是对舒库尔作为“文化英雄”的历史意义的系统性否定。生活世界痛感因此体现在两个层面：一是对种族暴力历史的集体愤怒；二是对司法程序无法还原历史真相的无力感。舒库尔谋杀案审判重启，因此成为美国社会对历史创伤的“司法化”处理机制的典型案例：制度理性试图通过法律程序将历史真相简化为可操作的司法案件，但生活世界痛感却揭示了这一简化过程对集体记忆与情感正义的系统性压制。

Logos 与 Pathos 的内在辩证摩擦（The Dialectical Friction）

舒库尔谋杀案审判中的制度理性与生活世界痛感的冲突，核心在于“法律真实”与“历史真实”之间的张力。制度理性通过“法律真实”将历史创伤转化为可操作的司法案件，但生活世界痛感却揭示了这一转化过程对集体记忆的碎片化效应。检方通过“黑帮叙事”将舒库尔塑造为受害者，实质上是将复杂的种族与文化记忆简化为“犯罪受害者”的技术角色，进而剥夺了其作为“文化英雄”的象征性力量。然而，辩方通过质疑回忆录的真实性，进一步将历史真相碎片化，使得集体记忆无法形成统一的道德叙事。[F1_20 🔍][F1_21 🔍]中辩方与检方的对抗，因此成为“法律真实”与“历史真实”之间的辩证摩擦：制度理性试图通过法律程序将历史真相简化为可操作的司法案件，但生活世界痛感却揭示了这一简化过程对集体记忆与情感正义的系统性压制。舒库尔谋杀案审判重启，因此成为美国社会对历史创伤的“司法化”处理机制的典型案例：制度理性通过“法律真实”与“程序正义”的双重机制，将活生生的历史创伤转化为可操作的司法案件，但生活世界痛感却揭示了这一转化过程对集体记忆与情感正义的系统性压制。

话语温度差与社会心理韧性诊断（Discourse Temperature & Prognosis）

舒库尔谋杀案审判中的“法律叙事”与“历史叙事”之间的温度差，揭示了当代美国社会中“记忆政治”的深层机制。检方通过“黑帮叙事”将舒库尔塑造为受害者，实质上是将复杂的种族与文化记忆简化为“犯罪受害者”的技术角色，进而剥夺了其作为“文化英雄”的象征性力量。[F1_19 🔍][F1_20 🔍][F1_21 🔍][F1_22 🔍]中检方与辩方的对抗，因此成为“法律冷色调语言”与“历史热色调语言”之间的温度差：制度理性通过“法律叙事”将历史创伤转化为可操作的司法案件，但生活世界痛感却揭示了这一转化过程对集体记忆与情感正义的系统性压制。从社会心理韧性的角度看，舒库尔谋杀案审判重启预示了当代美国社会中“记忆政治”的复杂性：当制度理性持续压制历史真相的情感丰富性，公民的愤怒将不可避免地转化为对整个体系的不信任与疏离感。舒库尔谋杀案审判因此成为当代美国社会中“历史创伤的司法化”机制的典型案例：制度理性通过“法律真实”与“程序正义”的双重机制，将活生生的历史创伤转化为可操作的司法案件，但生活世界痛感却揭示了这一转化过程对集体记忆与情感正义的系统性压制。

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▌ 面向学者的伦理与社会心理开放性追问与研究路标 (Open Horizons for Ethical & Sociological Inquiry)

1. 【开放性学术追问一：技术官僚理性与情感正义的和解可能】 在纳德的孤独抗争与最高法院程序革命中，制度理性持续压制情感正义，导致公民对体系的疏离感。未来研究可探讨：是否存在一种“情感化的技术官僚理性”（affective bureaucratic rationality），即通过制度设计将情感正义纳入政策评估与程序正义的框架？例如，可否通过“情感影响评估”（affective impact assessment）机制，使得政策制定者在决策过程中必须考量其政策对公民情感与尊严的影响？

2. 【开放性学术追问二：历史创伤的司法化对集体记忆的重构挑战】 舒库尔谋杀案审判重启揭示了司法程序对历史创伤的碎片化处理机制。未来研究可探讨：司法体系如何在“法律真实”与“历史真实”之间寻找平衡，以避免对集体记忆的系统性压制？例如，可否通过“记忆法庭”（memory tribunals）或“真相与和解委员会”（truth and reconciliation commissions）等机制，在司法程序中重新赋予历史真相以情感丰富性与道德紧迫性？